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Papers by claire franklin

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of a General Safety Requirement in Canada's Health Protection Regime

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'ri... more While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'risk of injury" terminology, it might be located in some other generic statute administered by the Department such as the Department of Health Act 3 , or the proposed CHPA if the Department proceeds with the consolidation of constituent Acts under the Legislative Renewal Initiative. 5. Status Quo with Administrative Reform-Under this Option, the Department would rely on the existing provisions for Ministerial Interim Orders in the Hazardous Products Act or the Department of Health Act as the main safety net for dealing with unregulated dangerous products, and unforeseen, emerging and serious risks in regulated products. In this case, however, the focus would be on making the Minister's existing remedy more efficient by developing internal policies for triggering the use of this power together with a fast-track process for exercising it-all in collaboration with the Minister's Office and relevant Central Agencies of Government. The policy and fast-track process would then become a routine element of briefing for new Ministers of Health so they would be 3 S.C. 1996, c. 8 xviii familiar with the emergency measure in advance of the need for urgent intervention. Options two to five (i.e. the 'alternative' options) might be accompanied by a Health Canada program to encourage the development and use of effective voluntary product standards with a view to achieving levels of product safety that routinely exceed minimum legal requirements. For example, on July 10, 2006, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission published a final rule on Commission Involvement in voluntary Standards indicating how the Commission intends to promote improved voluntary product standards in collaboration with the private sector without compromising the public authority's institutional independence or oversight role. 4 Evolution of Instructions In the course of ongoing consultations and discussions with Health Canada, the researchers were provided with draft legislation developed within the department and, subsequently, with an indication that internal consideration of the GSR was proceeding at an accelerated pace in contemplation of a draft memorandum to Cabinet, expected to be presented prior to the completion date for this project. Case Studies and an Emphasis on Implementation Issues With much of the background research (including interviews) in the European Union completed, it was no longer possible to substantially redirect the research effort. However, to accommodate as much as possible the acceleration and intensification of Health Canada's needs for advice on the GSR, two significant changes were made in the presentation of the report. Firstly, to increase the immediate practicality of this GSR research, detailed case studies were added for illustrative purposes. Secondly, to enhance the accessibility of the overall findings, the original intention as to table of contents and organization were abandoned in favour of an approach oriented more towards specific issues arising from the research and with an increased emphasis on matters that might be expected to arise on implementation of a GSR. Much of the historic and comparative material gathered during the course of research therefore appears interspersed throughout the discussion of issues rather than in a consolidated form as background to analysis.

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of a General Safety Requirement in Canada's Health Protection Regime

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'ri... more While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'risk of injury" terminology, it might be located in some other generic statute administered by the Department such as the Department of Health Act 3 , or the proposed CHPA if the Department proceeds with the consolidation of constituent Acts under the Legislative Renewal Initiative. 5. Status Quo with Administrative Reform-Under this Option, the Department would rely on the existing provisions for Ministerial Interim Orders in the Hazardous Products Act or the Department of Health Act as the main safety net for dealing with unregulated dangerous products, and unforeseen, emerging and serious risks in regulated products. In this case, however, the focus would be on making the Minister's existing remedy more efficient by developing internal policies for triggering the use of this power together with a fast-track process for exercising it-all in collaboration with the Minister's Office and relevant Central Agencies of Government. The policy and fast-track process would then become a routine element of briefing for new Ministers of Health so they would be 3 S.C. 1996, c. 8 xviii familiar with the emergency measure in advance of the need for urgent intervention. Options two to five (i.e. the 'alternative' options) might be accompanied by a Health Canada program to encourage the development and use of effective voluntary product standards with a view to achieving levels of product safety that routinely exceed minimum legal requirements. For example, on July 10, 2006, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission published a final rule on Commission Involvement in voluntary Standards indicating how the Commission intends to promote improved voluntary product standards in collaboration with the private sector without compromising the public authority's institutional independence or oversight role. 4 Evolution of Instructions In the course of ongoing consultations and discussions with Health Canada, the researchers were provided with draft legislation developed within the department and, subsequently, with an indication that internal consideration of the GSR was proceeding at an accelerated pace in contemplation of a draft memorandum to Cabinet, expected to be presented prior to the completion date for this project. Case Studies and an Emphasis on Implementation Issues With much of the background research (including interviews) in the European Union completed, it was no longer possible to substantially redirect the research effort. However, to accommodate as much as possible the acceleration and intensification of Health Canada's needs for advice on the GSR, two significant changes were made in the presentation of the report. Firstly, to increase the immediate practicality of this GSR research, detailed case studies were added for illustrative purposes. Secondly, to enhance the accessibility of the overall findings, the original intention as to table of contents and organization were abandoned in favour of an approach oriented more towards specific issues arising from the research and with an increased emphasis on matters that might be expected to arise on implementation of a GSR. Much of the historic and comparative material gathered during the course of research therefore appears interspersed throughout the discussion of issues rather than in a consolidated form as background to analysis.

Research paper thumbnail of Air Pollution and Childhood Respiratory Health: Exposure to Sulfate and Ozone in 10 Canadian Rural Communities

Environmental Research, 1994

Research paper thumbnail of Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Its Role in Risk Assessment Procedures Used in Canada

ACS Symposium Series, 1985

Page 1. 31 Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Its Role in Risk Assessment Procedures Used in... more Page 1. 31 Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Its Role in Risk Assessment Procedures Used in Canada CLAIRE A. FRANKLIN Environmental Health Directorate, Department of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0L2 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Biological Monitoring in the Regulatory Process

ACS Symposium Series, 1988

Page 1. Chapter 27 Use of Biological Monitoring in the Regulatory Process Leonard Ritter and Clai... more Page 1. Chapter 27 Use of Biological Monitoring in the Regulatory Process Leonard Ritter and Claire A. Franklin Environmental and Occupational Toxicology Division, Environmental Health Directorate, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa ...

Research paper thumbnail of Monitoring for exposure to anticholinesterase-inhibiting organophorsphorus and carbamate compounds by urine analysis

Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, 1992

Research paper thumbnail of A Community-Based Application of Software to Conduct a Probabilistic Assessment of Exposure to Contaminants in Indigenous Subsistence Foods

Environmental Justice, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Respiratory health effects of home dampness and molds among Canadian children

American Journal of Epidemiology, Jul 15, 1991

In 1988, the authors conducted a questionnaire-based study on the health effects of the indoor en... more In 1988, the authors conducted a questionnaire-based study on the health effects of the indoor environment in 30 Canadian communities. This paper focuses on the association between the respiratory health of young children and home dampness and molds. A total of 17,962 parents or guardians of schoolchildren received a questionnaire, and 14,948 (83.2%) questionnaires were returned. Children living in mobile homes, tents, and boats were excluded as were those with cystic fibrosis, leaving 13,495 children included in the study group. The housing stock was distributed as follows: 81% were one-family detached homes, 6% were one-family attached homes, and 13% were buildings for two or more families. Molds were reported in 32.4%, flooding in 24.1%, and moisture in 14.1% of the homes. Prevalences of all respiratory symptoms were consistently higher in homes with reported molds or dampness; i.e., adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.06-1.39) for bronchitis to 1.89 (95% confidence interval 1.58-2.26) for cough. The prevalence of home dampness or molds, 37.8%, indicates that it is an important public health issue. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathogenesis.

Research paper thumbnail of A new GC on-column methylation procedure for analysis of DMTP (O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate) in urine of workers exposed to fenithrothion

J Agr Food Chem, 1985

A new, improved procedure was developed for determining dimethylphosphorothioate (DMTP) levels in... more A new, improved procedure was developed for determining dimethylphosphorothioate (DMTP) levels in the urine of workers exposed to the organophosphorus pesticide, fenitrothion. The use of ethyl acetate instead of acetonitrile/ether to extract urine significantly increased extraction efficiency (from 57% to 96%). The use of Methelute TM (trimethylanilinium hydroxide) (TMAH) as an on-column derivatizing agent increased sensitivity 10-100-fold, was rapid, gave increased column life, and eliminated the need to work with the more hazardous diazoethane (DAE) compound used in the Shdik ethylation procedure.

Research paper thumbnail of Metabolism and tissue distribution of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in the rat

Drug Metabolism and Disposition

... 1975. G. Rock, unpublished data. investigations ... radioactivity. The kidney, pancreas, sple... more ... 1975. G. Rock, unpublished data. investigations ... radioactivity. The kidney, pancreas, spleen, heart, lung, testes, brain, portions of liver, intestine, skin, adipose tissue, and muscle were homog-enized with ten volumes of water. Aliquots ...

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of AOAC International Officers And Committees: 1997

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of a General Safety Requirement in Canada's Health Protection Regime

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'ri... more While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'risk of injury" terminology, it might be located in some other generic statute administered by the Department such as the Department of Health Act 3 , or the proposed CHPA if the Department proceeds with the consolidation of constituent Acts under the Legislative Renewal Initiative. 5. Status Quo with Administrative Reform-Under this Option, the Department would rely on the existing provisions for Ministerial Interim Orders in the Hazardous Products Act or the Department of Health Act as the main safety net for dealing with unregulated dangerous products, and unforeseen, emerging and serious risks in regulated products. In this case, however, the focus would be on making the Minister's existing remedy more efficient by developing internal policies for triggering the use of this power together with a fast-track process for exercising it-all in collaboration with the Minister's Office and relevant Central Agencies of Government. The policy and fast-track process would then become a routine element of briefing for new Ministers of Health so they would be 3 S.C. 1996, c. 8 xviii familiar with the emergency measure in advance of the need for urgent intervention. Options two to five (i.e. the 'alternative' options) might be accompanied by a Health Canada program to encourage the development and use of effective voluntary product standards with a view to achieving levels of product safety that routinely exceed minimum legal requirements. For example, on July 10, 2006, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission published a final rule on Commission Involvement in voluntary Standards indicating how the Commission intends to promote improved voluntary product standards in collaboration with the private sector without compromising the public authority's institutional independence or oversight role. 4 Evolution of Instructions In the course of ongoing consultations and discussions with Health Canada, the researchers were provided with draft legislation developed within the department and, subsequently, with an indication that internal consideration of the GSR was proceeding at an accelerated pace in contemplation of a draft memorandum to Cabinet, expected to be presented prior to the completion date for this project. Case Studies and an Emphasis on Implementation Issues With much of the background research (including interviews) in the European Union completed, it was no longer possible to substantially redirect the research effort. However, to accommodate as much as possible the acceleration and intensification of Health Canada's needs for advice on the GSR, two significant changes were made in the presentation of the report. Firstly, to increase the immediate practicality of this GSR research, detailed case studies were added for illustrative purposes. Secondly, to enhance the accessibility of the overall findings, the original intention as to table of contents and organization were abandoned in favour of an approach oriented more towards specific issues arising from the research and with an increased emphasis on matters that might be expected to arise on implementation of a GSR. Much of the historic and comparative material gathered during the course of research therefore appears interspersed throughout the discussion of issues rather than in a consolidated form as background to analysis.

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of a General Safety Requirement in Canada's Health Protection Regime

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'ri... more While the HPA is mentioned as a possible 'home' for the general prohibition based on American 'risk of injury" terminology, it might be located in some other generic statute administered by the Department such as the Department of Health Act 3 , or the proposed CHPA if the Department proceeds with the consolidation of constituent Acts under the Legislative Renewal Initiative. 5. Status Quo with Administrative Reform-Under this Option, the Department would rely on the existing provisions for Ministerial Interim Orders in the Hazardous Products Act or the Department of Health Act as the main safety net for dealing with unregulated dangerous products, and unforeseen, emerging and serious risks in regulated products. In this case, however, the focus would be on making the Minister's existing remedy more efficient by developing internal policies for triggering the use of this power together with a fast-track process for exercising it-all in collaboration with the Minister's Office and relevant Central Agencies of Government. The policy and fast-track process would then become a routine element of briefing for new Ministers of Health so they would be 3 S.C. 1996, c. 8 xviii familiar with the emergency measure in advance of the need for urgent intervention. Options two to five (i.e. the 'alternative' options) might be accompanied by a Health Canada program to encourage the development and use of effective voluntary product standards with a view to achieving levels of product safety that routinely exceed minimum legal requirements. For example, on July 10, 2006, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission published a final rule on Commission Involvement in voluntary Standards indicating how the Commission intends to promote improved voluntary product standards in collaboration with the private sector without compromising the public authority's institutional independence or oversight role. 4 Evolution of Instructions In the course of ongoing consultations and discussions with Health Canada, the researchers were provided with draft legislation developed within the department and, subsequently, with an indication that internal consideration of the GSR was proceeding at an accelerated pace in contemplation of a draft memorandum to Cabinet, expected to be presented prior to the completion date for this project. Case Studies and an Emphasis on Implementation Issues With much of the background research (including interviews) in the European Union completed, it was no longer possible to substantially redirect the research effort. However, to accommodate as much as possible the acceleration and intensification of Health Canada's needs for advice on the GSR, two significant changes were made in the presentation of the report. Firstly, to increase the immediate practicality of this GSR research, detailed case studies were added for illustrative purposes. Secondly, to enhance the accessibility of the overall findings, the original intention as to table of contents and organization were abandoned in favour of an approach oriented more towards specific issues arising from the research and with an increased emphasis on matters that might be expected to arise on implementation of a GSR. Much of the historic and comparative material gathered during the course of research therefore appears interspersed throughout the discussion of issues rather than in a consolidated form as background to analysis.

Research paper thumbnail of Air Pollution and Childhood Respiratory Health: Exposure to Sulfate and Ozone in 10 Canadian Rural Communities

Environmental Research, 1994

Research paper thumbnail of Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Its Role in Risk Assessment Procedures Used in Canada

ACS Symposium Series, 1985

Page 1. 31 Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Its Role in Risk Assessment Procedures Used in... more Page 1. 31 Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Its Role in Risk Assessment Procedures Used in Canada CLAIRE A. FRANKLIN Environmental Health Directorate, Department of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0L2 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Biological Monitoring in the Regulatory Process

ACS Symposium Series, 1988

Page 1. Chapter 27 Use of Biological Monitoring in the Regulatory Process Leonard Ritter and Clai... more Page 1. Chapter 27 Use of Biological Monitoring in the Regulatory Process Leonard Ritter and Claire A. Franklin Environmental and Occupational Toxicology Division, Environmental Health Directorate, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa ...

Research paper thumbnail of Monitoring for exposure to anticholinesterase-inhibiting organophorsphorus and carbamate compounds by urine analysis

Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, 1992

Research paper thumbnail of A Community-Based Application of Software to Conduct a Probabilistic Assessment of Exposure to Contaminants in Indigenous Subsistence Foods

Environmental Justice, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Respiratory health effects of home dampness and molds among Canadian children

American Journal of Epidemiology, Jul 15, 1991

In 1988, the authors conducted a questionnaire-based study on the health effects of the indoor en... more In 1988, the authors conducted a questionnaire-based study on the health effects of the indoor environment in 30 Canadian communities. This paper focuses on the association between the respiratory health of young children and home dampness and molds. A total of 17,962 parents or guardians of schoolchildren received a questionnaire, and 14,948 (83.2%) questionnaires were returned. Children living in mobile homes, tents, and boats were excluded as were those with cystic fibrosis, leaving 13,495 children included in the study group. The housing stock was distributed as follows: 81% were one-family detached homes, 6% were one-family attached homes, and 13% were buildings for two or more families. Molds were reported in 32.4%, flooding in 24.1%, and moisture in 14.1% of the homes. Prevalences of all respiratory symptoms were consistently higher in homes with reported molds or dampness; i.e., adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.06-1.39) for bronchitis to 1.89 (95% confidence interval 1.58-2.26) for cough. The prevalence of home dampness or molds, 37.8%, indicates that it is an important public health issue. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathogenesis.

Research paper thumbnail of A new GC on-column methylation procedure for analysis of DMTP (O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate) in urine of workers exposed to fenithrothion

J Agr Food Chem, 1985

A new, improved procedure was developed for determining dimethylphosphorothioate (DMTP) levels in... more A new, improved procedure was developed for determining dimethylphosphorothioate (DMTP) levels in the urine of workers exposed to the organophosphorus pesticide, fenitrothion. The use of ethyl acetate instead of acetonitrile/ether to extract urine significantly increased extraction efficiency (from 57% to 96%). The use of Methelute TM (trimethylanilinium hydroxide) (TMAH) as an on-column derivatizing agent increased sensitivity 10-100-fold, was rapid, gave increased column life, and eliminated the need to work with the more hazardous diazoethane (DAE) compound used in the Shdik ethylation procedure.

Research paper thumbnail of Metabolism and tissue distribution of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in the rat

Drug Metabolism and Disposition

... 1975. G. Rock, unpublished data. investigations ... radioactivity. The kidney, pancreas, sple... more ... 1975. G. Rock, unpublished data. investigations ... radioactivity. The kidney, pancreas, spleen, heart, lung, testes, brain, portions of liver, intestine, skin, adipose tissue, and muscle were homog-enized with ten volumes of water. Aliquots ...