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Papers by daniel ocinski

Research paper thumbnail of Arsen w technice i środowisku

Research paper thumbnail of The application of chelating polymers for the removal of arsenic compounds from water

Polimery, 2011

Zastosowanie polimerów chelatuj¹cych do usuwania z wód zwi¹zków arsenu Streszczenie-Artyku³ stano... more Zastosowanie polimerów chelatuj¹cych do usuwania z wód zwi¹zków arsenu Streszczenie-Artyku³ stanowi przegl¹d literaturowy dotycz¹cy mo¿liwooeci wykorzystania polimerów chelatuj¹cych zawieraj¹cych ró¿ne grupy funkcyjne, w procesach usuwania z wód zwi¹zków arsenu(III) i (V), które wykazuj¹ du¿¹ toksycznooeae i s¹ powa¿nym zagro¿eniem ekologicznym w wielu rejonach oewiata. Przedstawiono mechanizmy wi¹zania arsenianów i arseninów bezpooerednio przez grupy funkcyjne polimerów, jak równie¿ na drodze tzw. wymiany ligandowej. Omówiono wp³yw warunków prowadzenia procesu, tj. natê¿enia przep³ywu roztworu przez z³o-¿e, pH oczyszczanej wody oraz obecnooeci innych jonów na efektywnooeae wi¹zania zwi¹zków arsenu. Opisano mo¿liwooeci regeneracji i wielokrotnego wykorzystania polimerów chelatuj¹cych. S³owa kluczowe: polimery chelatuj¹ce, wymiana ligandowa, usuwanie arsenu, arseniany, arseniny. THE APPLICATION OF CHELATING POLYMERS FOR THE REMOVAL OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS FROM WATER Summary-A review of the literature on the possibilities of the application of chelating polymers containing various functional groups (Table 1) for the removal of highly toxic and environmentally hazardous arsenic(III) and (V) compounds from water in different parts of the world has been presented. The mechanisms of direct coupling of arsenates and arsenites by the functional groups of the polymers, and also of the so-called ligand exchanging has been discussed (Figs. 1, 2). The influence of factors such as solution flow rate through the polymer bed, water pH value and the presence of other ions on the efficiency of coupling the arsenic compound was evaluated. The possibility of regeneration and multiple use of the chelating polymers was discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of hybrid anion exchanger containing cupric oxide for As(III) removal from water

Journal of hazardous materials, Jan 25, 2018

The aim of this study was investigate of arsenite adsorption on a hybrid polymer based on a polys... more The aim of this study was investigate of arsenite adsorption on a hybrid polymer based on a polystyrene/divinylbenzene macroporous anion exchanger containing cupric oxide deposited within its porous structure. The study included batch kinetic and equilibrium experiments, and investigation of influence of the pH, regeneration of spent adsorbent and the column process on arsenic(III) adsorption. The experimental data were evaluated using kinetic, isotherm and fixed-bed column models. The adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model was 6.61 mg As(III) g. The adsorption rate was controlled by both chemisorption of arsenic on the adsorbent surface and external diffusion, and at a higher initial As(III) concentration also by intraparticle diffusion. The spent adsorbent was easily regenerated with 1.0 M NaOH solution. Based on batch adsorption studies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses a mechanism of As(III) adsorption was proposed. Arsenite removal proceeded in two ...

Research paper thumbnail of Alginate beads containing water treatment residuals for arsenic removal from water—formation and adsorption studies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016

Water treatment residuals (WTRs) produced in large quantities during deironing and demanganizatio... more Water treatment residuals (WTRs) produced in large quantities during deironing and demanganization of infiltration water, due to high content of iron and manganese oxides, exhibit excellent sorptive properties toward arsenate and arsenite. Nonetheless, since they consist of microparticles, their practical use as an adsorbent is limited by difficulties with separation from treated solutions. The aim of this study was entrapment of chemically pretreated WTR into calcium alginate polymer and examination of sorptive properties of the obtained composite sorbent toward As(III) and As(V). Different products were formed varying in WTR content as well as in density of alginate matrix. In order to determine the key parameters of the adsorption process, both equilibrium and kinetic studies were conducted. The best properties were exhibited by a sorbent containing 5 % residuals, formed in alginate solution with a concentration of 1 %. In slightly acidic conditions (pH 4.5), its maximum sorption capacity was 3.4 and 2.9 mg g −1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively. At neutral pH, the adsorption effectiveness decreased to 3.3 mg As g −1 for arsenites and to 0.7 mg As g −1 for arsenates. The presence of carboxylic groups in polymer chains impeded in neutral conditions the diffusion of anions into sorbent beads; therefore, the main rate-limiting step of the adsorption, mainly in the case of arsenates, was intraparticle diffusion. The optimal condition for simultaneous removal of arsenates and arsenites from water by means of the obtained composite sorbent is slightly acidic pH, ensuring similar adsorption effectiveness for both arsenic species.

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie wymieniaczy jonowych do usuwania związków arsenu z wód

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie polimerów chelatujących do usuwania z wód związków arsenu

Research paper thumbnail of Przegląd metod usuwania arsenu z wód

Research paper thumbnail of Redox polymer with N,N -dichlorosulfonamide functional groups as arsenite oxidant in aqueous solutions

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2014

ABSTRACT A macroporous, styrene-divinylbenzene polymer with N,N-dichlorosulfonamide functional gr... more ABSTRACT A macroporous, styrene-divinylbenzene polymer with N,N-dichlorosulfonamide functional groups (-SO2NCl2), containing two chlorine atoms with oxidation number +1, have been prepared through the chemical modification of a commercial sulfonic cation exchanger (Amberlyst 15, Rohm and Haas). Obtained product was used as the heterogeneous oxidant of As(III) in aqueous solutions. The polymer's oxidizing capacity, determined as part of the batch studies, amounted to 193.29 mg As(III) g−1 (pH = 7.7) and 206.03 mg As(III) g−1 (pH = 2.0). The suitability of the redox polymer for long-lasting operation in the aqueous environment was confirmed in the column study conducted using a solution with a concentration of 10 mg As(III) dm−3 at a flow rate of 6 bed volumes (BV) h−1. The concentration of As(III) in the effluent reached the value of 0.01 mg As(III) dm−3 only after 8 weeks of continuous operation when 7930 BV of the solution had passed through the bed.

Research paper thumbnail of Iron and aluminium oxides containing industrial wastes as adsorbents of heavy metals: Application possibilities and limitations

Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 2015

Industrial wastes with a high iron or aluminium oxide content are produced in huge quantities as ... more Industrial wastes with a high iron or aluminium oxide content are produced in huge quantities as by-products of water treatment (water treatment residuals), bauxite processing (red mud) and hard and brown coal burning in power plants (fly ash). Although they vary in their composition, the wastes have one thing in common – a high content of amorphous iron and/or aluminium oxides with a large specific surface area, whereby this group of wastes shows very good adsorbability towards heavy metals, arsenates, selenates, etc. But their physical form makes their utilisation quite difficult, since it is not easy to separate the spent sorbent from the solution and high bed hydraulic resistances occur in dynamic regime processes. Nevertheless, because of the potential benefits of utilising the wastes in industrial effluent treatment, this issue attracts much attention today. This study describes in detail the waste generation processes, the chemical structure of the wastes, their physicochemic...

Research paper thumbnail of A review of the methods used to remove arsenic from water (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review with 77 refs. covering coagulation and microfiltration, softening of water, removal of i... more A review with 77 refs. covering coagulation and microfiltration, softening of water, removal of iron and manganese, adsorption on alumina, iron oxide- or MnO2-coated sand, granulated ferric hydroxide, zero-valent iron, hybride and other ion exchangers, activated carbon, and membrane processes. WHO (1993) recommends 10 mg As/l. as the max. contaminant level in drinking water.

Research paper thumbnail of Sorption of arsenates(III) and (V) on a hybrid iron and manganese oxides polymer-containing made by modification of a strong-base anion exchanger (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A commercial strong-base macroporous anion exchanger was modified with Fe and Mn oxides, characte... more A commercial strong-base macroporous anion exchanger was modified with Fe and Mn oxides, characterized by determination of the specific surface area and structure (SEM/EDS, BET) used for removal of arsenates(III) and (V) from their aqueous solustions. The obtained hybrid polymer showed a high sorption capacity toward As(III) and As(V) (40.2 mg As(III)/g and 86.5 mg As(V)/g).

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidation of As(III) to As(V) as a process aiding the removal of arsenic from water (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review with 41 refs. covering homo and heterogeneous oxidn. of As(III), Mn and Fe oxides as con... more A review with 41 refs. covering homo and heterogeneous oxidn. of As(III), Mn and Fe oxides as concomitants, photochem. and biol. oxidn. of As(III).

Research paper thumbnail of Sposób otrzymywania kopolimeru hybrydowego zawierającego tlenki manganu czterowartościowego

Sposób otrzymywania kopolimeru hybrydowego według wynalazku polega na tym, że roztwory zawierając... more Sposób otrzymywania kopolimeru hybrydowego według wynalazku polega na tym, że roztwory zawierające MnSO4 w dowolnym stężeniu, najkorzystniej 0,05-0,1 M, i NaHCO3 w stosunku molowym co najmniej 1:1, najkorzystniej 2:1, w odniesieniu do jonów Mn(II) jako czynnik buforujący, przeciwdziałający nadmiernemu obniżeniu pH roztworu lub tylko MnSO4 kontaktuje się temperaturze pokojowej z wielkocząsteczkowymi, nierozpuszczalnymi i pęczniejącymi w wodzie kopolimerami: N-chlorosulfonamidowym lub N-bromosulfonamidowym w formie sodowej, zawierającymi od 1,5 do 2,5 mmol/g aktywnego chloru lub bromu, stosując co najmniej 1 mol halogenu na każdy mol Mn dwuwartościowego, najkorzystniej 3 mole halogenu na mol Mn dwuwartościowego, w czasie 24 godz., po czym otrzymany produkt przemywa się wodą, 50%-owym wodnym roztworem metanolu i suszy w suszarce w temp. 30°C w czasie 24 godz.

Research paper thumbnail of Iron oxides-containing hybrid polymers as adsorbents for removal of arsenic from waters (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review, with 68 refs., of hybrid sorbents, consisting of organic polymeric ion-exchange resins ... more A review, with 68 refs., of hybrid sorbents, consisting of organic polymeric ion-exchange resins and iron oxides dispersed within pores of the polymeric matrix, used for removal of arsenic from aqeous media.

Research paper thumbnail of Use of ion exchanging resins for removal of arsenic compounds from water (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review, with 44 refs., of methods for sorption of As-contg. ions on com. available anion-exchan... more A review, with 44 refs., of methods for sorption of As-contg. ions on com. available anion-exchange resins, hydrophilic polymers with primary NH2 groups and chem. modified agricultural by-products

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of hybrid polymer containing iron oxides as As(III) and As(V) sorbent for drinking water purification

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper was to evaluate the possibility of utilization of a novel hy... more ABSTRACT The objective of this paper was to evaluate the possibility of utilization of a novel hybrid polymer containing iron oxides as an arsenate and arsenite sorbent in water treatment. This material was primarily obtained as a by-product in the water de-ironing process by means of N-chlorosulfonamide polymers. The sorption properties of the hybrid polymer, including pH and coexisting ions’ influence on arsenic removal efficiency, were examined using kinetic and equilibrium experiments in a batch regime. In the column process, conducted with As-spiked natural water containing both As(III) and As(V), the breakthrough of the sorbent bed occurred after the solution amounting to about 4800 bed volumes passed through the column. The regeneration and re-use of the sorbent with NaOH and NaCl solution was also studied, indicating the possibility of repeated use of the sorbent with only a slight decrease in its sorptive properties for four cycles.

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidation of arsenite in aqueous solutions by redox copolymer with N-bromosulfonamide functional groups

Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2013

ABSTRACT Macromolecular oxidant [P]-SO2NBrNa (a macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer cont... more ABSTRACT Macromolecular oxidant [P]-SO2NBrNa (a macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer containing N-bromosulfonamide functional groups in the sodium form) was synthesized and used to oxidize arsenites to arsenates in dilute aqueous solutions. The oxidant, containing active bromine (1.65 mmol/g) in its functional groups, was obtained through the transformation of Amberlyst 15 (Rohm and Haas) commercial cation exchanger’s sulfonic functional groups. The batchwise method and the column method and NaAsO2 solutions (375, 93 and 10 mg As(III)/dm3) in water alone and in 0.01 M NaOH were used in the investigations. Special potentiometric, reductometric measurements showed that the investigated oxidation reaction was favoured by a weak acidic to weak alkaline medium. The determined redox potential of the resin was 440 mV at pH = 6.3 and 130 mV at pH = 11.01. In the column process experiments, conducted using NaAsO2 solutions with a concentration of 10 mg As(III)/dm3 at a flow rate of 6 BV/h, a breakthrough (defined as the exceedance of 0.01 mg As(III)/dm3 in the effluent) would occur after the solutions amounting to about 1700 bed volumes were passed though the column.

Research paper thumbnail of Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymers with N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups as oxidants for arsenite ions in aqueous media — redox studies

Polimery, 2012

Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymers with N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups as oxidants fo... more Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymers with N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups as oxidants for arsenite ions in aqueous mediaredox studies Summary-Two macromolecular oxidants that were macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymers containing N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups in the sodium form-RCl/Na (a macromolecular analog of chloramine-T) or in the hydrogen form-RCl/H (there is no analog among low-molecular compounds) were synthesized and used as oxidants of arsenites in dilute aqueous solutions. The reaction course was examined depending on stoichiometric ratios of reagents by special reductometric, potentiometric measurements at different pH values. In weak alkaline medium (pH~11.5) the RCl/Na copolymer was ineffective as an As(III) oxidant, the reaction proceeded with difficulty, and the redox potential reached a negative value. In weak acidic medium (pH~3.0) the reaction proceeded efficiently enough, but the flat titration curve indicated the unfavorable kinetics of As(III) oxidation by means of RCl/H (despite the high redox potential in the reaction medium). In neutral medium (pH~6.5) the reaction proceeded with the highest effectiveness. In this case the titration curve had a characteristic, classic shape, indicating the advantageous kinetics of As(III) oxidation by means of RCl/Na (despite the lower redox potential in the reaction medium).

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidation and adsorption of arsenic species by means of hybrid polymer containing manganese oxides

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2013

The aim of this work was a comprehensive study of the oxidative and sorptive properties of a hybr... more The aim of this work was a comprehensive study of the oxidative and sorptive properties of a hybrid polymer containing manganese oxide toward As(III) and As(V). A poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymer containing oxidative functional groups (ASO 2 NBrNa) was used as the supporting material for MnO 2. The inorganic component was deposited as a result of the oxidation reaction of Mn(II) with oxidative groups of the host polymer. The surface of the polymer matrix was evenly covered with a thin layer of manganese oxide. The obtained product (R/S/Mn) exhibited high oxidative capacity over a wide pH range (2-12); however, under acidic and neutral conditions, the reaction ran significantly faster. The studied material shows some sorption properties but its sorption capacity is much lower than its oxidation capacity. The treatment, in a column regime, of the arsenic solution containing 1 mg As(III) dm 23 and coexisting ions in concentrations similar to those in natural waters, confirmed the excellent oxidation capacity of the obtained product.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Hybrid Polymer Containing Manganese and Iron Oxides as a Sorbent for As(III) and As(V) Removal

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013

A new hybrid material containing manganese and iron oxides, dispersed within the polymeric matrix... more A new hybrid material containing manganese and iron oxides, dispersed within the polymeric matrix, was synthesized as the sorbent for effective As(III) and As(V) removal. This material was obtained in a one-step process as a result of the oxidation reaction of Mn(II) and Fe(II) with oxidative functional groups of the host polymer. As the host polymer, the styrene−divinylbenzene copolymer containing N-bromosulfonamide groups (−SO 2 NBrNa) was used. The obtained product was characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurement and scanning electron microscope (SEM) energydispersive spectrometry (EDS), as well as pH zpc and Fe and Mn content determination. The adsorption experiments showed that pH ∼ 3.3−5.0 was optimal for subsequent removal of both As(III) and As(V), resulting in maximal sorption capacity of, respectively, 13.5 and 14.5 mg g −1. The presence of phosphates in solution adversely influenced the arsenate removal and, to a less extent, the arsenite removal. The sulfate, chloride, and bicarbonate ions had no or a slight effect on arsenic adsorption.

Research paper thumbnail of Arsen w technice i środowisku

Research paper thumbnail of The application of chelating polymers for the removal of arsenic compounds from water

Polimery, 2011

Zastosowanie polimerów chelatuj¹cych do usuwania z wód zwi¹zków arsenu Streszczenie-Artyku³ stano... more Zastosowanie polimerów chelatuj¹cych do usuwania z wód zwi¹zków arsenu Streszczenie-Artyku³ stanowi przegl¹d literaturowy dotycz¹cy mo¿liwooeci wykorzystania polimerów chelatuj¹cych zawieraj¹cych ró¿ne grupy funkcyjne, w procesach usuwania z wód zwi¹zków arsenu(III) i (V), które wykazuj¹ du¿¹ toksycznooeae i s¹ powa¿nym zagro¿eniem ekologicznym w wielu rejonach oewiata. Przedstawiono mechanizmy wi¹zania arsenianów i arseninów bezpooerednio przez grupy funkcyjne polimerów, jak równie¿ na drodze tzw. wymiany ligandowej. Omówiono wp³yw warunków prowadzenia procesu, tj. natê¿enia przep³ywu roztworu przez z³o-¿e, pH oczyszczanej wody oraz obecnooeci innych jonów na efektywnooeae wi¹zania zwi¹zków arsenu. Opisano mo¿liwooeci regeneracji i wielokrotnego wykorzystania polimerów chelatuj¹cych. S³owa kluczowe: polimery chelatuj¹ce, wymiana ligandowa, usuwanie arsenu, arseniany, arseniny. THE APPLICATION OF CHELATING POLYMERS FOR THE REMOVAL OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS FROM WATER Summary-A review of the literature on the possibilities of the application of chelating polymers containing various functional groups (Table 1) for the removal of highly toxic and environmentally hazardous arsenic(III) and (V) compounds from water in different parts of the world has been presented. The mechanisms of direct coupling of arsenates and arsenites by the functional groups of the polymers, and also of the so-called ligand exchanging has been discussed (Figs. 1, 2). The influence of factors such as solution flow rate through the polymer bed, water pH value and the presence of other ions on the efficiency of coupling the arsenic compound was evaluated. The possibility of regeneration and multiple use of the chelating polymers was discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of hybrid anion exchanger containing cupric oxide for As(III) removal from water

Journal of hazardous materials, Jan 25, 2018

The aim of this study was investigate of arsenite adsorption on a hybrid polymer based on a polys... more The aim of this study was investigate of arsenite adsorption on a hybrid polymer based on a polystyrene/divinylbenzene macroporous anion exchanger containing cupric oxide deposited within its porous structure. The study included batch kinetic and equilibrium experiments, and investigation of influence of the pH, regeneration of spent adsorbent and the column process on arsenic(III) adsorption. The experimental data were evaluated using kinetic, isotherm and fixed-bed column models. The adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model was 6.61 mg As(III) g. The adsorption rate was controlled by both chemisorption of arsenic on the adsorbent surface and external diffusion, and at a higher initial As(III) concentration also by intraparticle diffusion. The spent adsorbent was easily regenerated with 1.0 M NaOH solution. Based on batch adsorption studies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses a mechanism of As(III) adsorption was proposed. Arsenite removal proceeded in two ...

Research paper thumbnail of Alginate beads containing water treatment residuals for arsenic removal from water—formation and adsorption studies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016

Water treatment residuals (WTRs) produced in large quantities during deironing and demanganizatio... more Water treatment residuals (WTRs) produced in large quantities during deironing and demanganization of infiltration water, due to high content of iron and manganese oxides, exhibit excellent sorptive properties toward arsenate and arsenite. Nonetheless, since they consist of microparticles, their practical use as an adsorbent is limited by difficulties with separation from treated solutions. The aim of this study was entrapment of chemically pretreated WTR into calcium alginate polymer and examination of sorptive properties of the obtained composite sorbent toward As(III) and As(V). Different products were formed varying in WTR content as well as in density of alginate matrix. In order to determine the key parameters of the adsorption process, both equilibrium and kinetic studies were conducted. The best properties were exhibited by a sorbent containing 5 % residuals, formed in alginate solution with a concentration of 1 %. In slightly acidic conditions (pH 4.5), its maximum sorption capacity was 3.4 and 2.9 mg g −1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively. At neutral pH, the adsorption effectiveness decreased to 3.3 mg As g −1 for arsenites and to 0.7 mg As g −1 for arsenates. The presence of carboxylic groups in polymer chains impeded in neutral conditions the diffusion of anions into sorbent beads; therefore, the main rate-limiting step of the adsorption, mainly in the case of arsenates, was intraparticle diffusion. The optimal condition for simultaneous removal of arsenates and arsenites from water by means of the obtained composite sorbent is slightly acidic pH, ensuring similar adsorption effectiveness for both arsenic species.

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie wymieniaczy jonowych do usuwania związków arsenu z wód

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie polimerów chelatujących do usuwania z wód związków arsenu

Research paper thumbnail of Przegląd metod usuwania arsenu z wód

Research paper thumbnail of Redox polymer with N,N -dichlorosulfonamide functional groups as arsenite oxidant in aqueous solutions

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2014

ABSTRACT A macroporous, styrene-divinylbenzene polymer with N,N-dichlorosulfonamide functional gr... more ABSTRACT A macroporous, styrene-divinylbenzene polymer with N,N-dichlorosulfonamide functional groups (-SO2NCl2), containing two chlorine atoms with oxidation number +1, have been prepared through the chemical modification of a commercial sulfonic cation exchanger (Amberlyst 15, Rohm and Haas). Obtained product was used as the heterogeneous oxidant of As(III) in aqueous solutions. The polymer's oxidizing capacity, determined as part of the batch studies, amounted to 193.29 mg As(III) g−1 (pH = 7.7) and 206.03 mg As(III) g−1 (pH = 2.0). The suitability of the redox polymer for long-lasting operation in the aqueous environment was confirmed in the column study conducted using a solution with a concentration of 10 mg As(III) dm−3 at a flow rate of 6 bed volumes (BV) h−1. The concentration of As(III) in the effluent reached the value of 0.01 mg As(III) dm−3 only after 8 weeks of continuous operation when 7930 BV of the solution had passed through the bed.

Research paper thumbnail of Iron and aluminium oxides containing industrial wastes as adsorbents of heavy metals: Application possibilities and limitations

Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 2015

Industrial wastes with a high iron or aluminium oxide content are produced in huge quantities as ... more Industrial wastes with a high iron or aluminium oxide content are produced in huge quantities as by-products of water treatment (water treatment residuals), bauxite processing (red mud) and hard and brown coal burning in power plants (fly ash). Although they vary in their composition, the wastes have one thing in common – a high content of amorphous iron and/or aluminium oxides with a large specific surface area, whereby this group of wastes shows very good adsorbability towards heavy metals, arsenates, selenates, etc. But their physical form makes their utilisation quite difficult, since it is not easy to separate the spent sorbent from the solution and high bed hydraulic resistances occur in dynamic regime processes. Nevertheless, because of the potential benefits of utilising the wastes in industrial effluent treatment, this issue attracts much attention today. This study describes in detail the waste generation processes, the chemical structure of the wastes, their physicochemic...

Research paper thumbnail of A review of the methods used to remove arsenic from water (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review with 77 refs. covering coagulation and microfiltration, softening of water, removal of i... more A review with 77 refs. covering coagulation and microfiltration, softening of water, removal of iron and manganese, adsorption on alumina, iron oxide- or MnO2-coated sand, granulated ferric hydroxide, zero-valent iron, hybride and other ion exchangers, activated carbon, and membrane processes. WHO (1993) recommends 10 mg As/l. as the max. contaminant level in drinking water.

Research paper thumbnail of Sorption of arsenates(III) and (V) on a hybrid iron and manganese oxides polymer-containing made by modification of a strong-base anion exchanger (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A commercial strong-base macroporous anion exchanger was modified with Fe and Mn oxides, characte... more A commercial strong-base macroporous anion exchanger was modified with Fe and Mn oxides, characterized by determination of the specific surface area and structure (SEM/EDS, BET) used for removal of arsenates(III) and (V) from their aqueous solustions. The obtained hybrid polymer showed a high sorption capacity toward As(III) and As(V) (40.2 mg As(III)/g and 86.5 mg As(V)/g).

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidation of As(III) to As(V) as a process aiding the removal of arsenic from water (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review with 41 refs. covering homo and heterogeneous oxidn. of As(III), Mn and Fe oxides as con... more A review with 41 refs. covering homo and heterogeneous oxidn. of As(III), Mn and Fe oxides as concomitants, photochem. and biol. oxidn. of As(III).

Research paper thumbnail of Sposób otrzymywania kopolimeru hybrydowego zawierającego tlenki manganu czterowartościowego

Sposób otrzymywania kopolimeru hybrydowego według wynalazku polega na tym, że roztwory zawierając... more Sposób otrzymywania kopolimeru hybrydowego według wynalazku polega na tym, że roztwory zawierające MnSO4 w dowolnym stężeniu, najkorzystniej 0,05-0,1 M, i NaHCO3 w stosunku molowym co najmniej 1:1, najkorzystniej 2:1, w odniesieniu do jonów Mn(II) jako czynnik buforujący, przeciwdziałający nadmiernemu obniżeniu pH roztworu lub tylko MnSO4 kontaktuje się temperaturze pokojowej z wielkocząsteczkowymi, nierozpuszczalnymi i pęczniejącymi w wodzie kopolimerami: N-chlorosulfonamidowym lub N-bromosulfonamidowym w formie sodowej, zawierającymi od 1,5 do 2,5 mmol/g aktywnego chloru lub bromu, stosując co najmniej 1 mol halogenu na każdy mol Mn dwuwartościowego, najkorzystniej 3 mole halogenu na mol Mn dwuwartościowego, w czasie 24 godz., po czym otrzymany produkt przemywa się wodą, 50%-owym wodnym roztworem metanolu i suszy w suszarce w temp. 30°C w czasie 24 godz.

Research paper thumbnail of Iron oxides-containing hybrid polymers as adsorbents for removal of arsenic from waters (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review, with 68 refs., of hybrid sorbents, consisting of organic polymeric ion-exchange resins ... more A review, with 68 refs., of hybrid sorbents, consisting of organic polymeric ion-exchange resins and iron oxides dispersed within pores of the polymeric matrix, used for removal of arsenic from aqeous media.

Research paper thumbnail of Use of ion exchanging resins for removal of arsenic compounds from water (in polish)

Przemysl Chemiczny

A review, with 44 refs., of methods for sorption of As-contg. ions on com. available anion-exchan... more A review, with 44 refs., of methods for sorption of As-contg. ions on com. available anion-exchange resins, hydrophilic polymers with primary NH2 groups and chem. modified agricultural by-products

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of hybrid polymer containing iron oxides as As(III) and As(V) sorbent for drinking water purification

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper was to evaluate the possibility of utilization of a novel hy... more ABSTRACT The objective of this paper was to evaluate the possibility of utilization of a novel hybrid polymer containing iron oxides as an arsenate and arsenite sorbent in water treatment. This material was primarily obtained as a by-product in the water de-ironing process by means of N-chlorosulfonamide polymers. The sorption properties of the hybrid polymer, including pH and coexisting ions’ influence on arsenic removal efficiency, were examined using kinetic and equilibrium experiments in a batch regime. In the column process, conducted with As-spiked natural water containing both As(III) and As(V), the breakthrough of the sorbent bed occurred after the solution amounting to about 4800 bed volumes passed through the column. The regeneration and re-use of the sorbent with NaOH and NaCl solution was also studied, indicating the possibility of repeated use of the sorbent with only a slight decrease in its sorptive properties for four cycles.

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidation of arsenite in aqueous solutions by redox copolymer with N-bromosulfonamide functional groups

Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2013

ABSTRACT Macromolecular oxidant [P]-SO2NBrNa (a macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer cont... more ABSTRACT Macromolecular oxidant [P]-SO2NBrNa (a macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer containing N-bromosulfonamide functional groups in the sodium form) was synthesized and used to oxidize arsenites to arsenates in dilute aqueous solutions. The oxidant, containing active bromine (1.65 mmol/g) in its functional groups, was obtained through the transformation of Amberlyst 15 (Rohm and Haas) commercial cation exchanger’s sulfonic functional groups. The batchwise method and the column method and NaAsO2 solutions (375, 93 and 10 mg As(III)/dm3) in water alone and in 0.01 M NaOH were used in the investigations. Special potentiometric, reductometric measurements showed that the investigated oxidation reaction was favoured by a weak acidic to weak alkaline medium. The determined redox potential of the resin was 440 mV at pH = 6.3 and 130 mV at pH = 11.01. In the column process experiments, conducted using NaAsO2 solutions with a concentration of 10 mg As(III)/dm3 at a flow rate of 6 BV/h, a breakthrough (defined as the exceedance of 0.01 mg As(III)/dm3 in the effluent) would occur after the solutions amounting to about 1700 bed volumes were passed though the column.

Research paper thumbnail of Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymers with N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups as oxidants for arsenite ions in aqueous media — redox studies

Polimery, 2012

Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymers with N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups as oxidants fo... more Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymers with N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups as oxidants for arsenite ions in aqueous mediaredox studies Summary-Two macromolecular oxidants that were macroporous styrene/divinylbenzene copolymers containing N-chlorosulfonamide functional groups in the sodium form-RCl/Na (a macromolecular analog of chloramine-T) or in the hydrogen form-RCl/H (there is no analog among low-molecular compounds) were synthesized and used as oxidants of arsenites in dilute aqueous solutions. The reaction course was examined depending on stoichiometric ratios of reagents by special reductometric, potentiometric measurements at different pH values. In weak alkaline medium (pH~11.5) the RCl/Na copolymer was ineffective as an As(III) oxidant, the reaction proceeded with difficulty, and the redox potential reached a negative value. In weak acidic medium (pH~3.0) the reaction proceeded efficiently enough, but the flat titration curve indicated the unfavorable kinetics of As(III) oxidation by means of RCl/H (despite the high redox potential in the reaction medium). In neutral medium (pH~6.5) the reaction proceeded with the highest effectiveness. In this case the titration curve had a characteristic, classic shape, indicating the advantageous kinetics of As(III) oxidation by means of RCl/Na (despite the lower redox potential in the reaction medium).

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidation and adsorption of arsenic species by means of hybrid polymer containing manganese oxides

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2013

The aim of this work was a comprehensive study of the oxidative and sorptive properties of a hybr... more The aim of this work was a comprehensive study of the oxidative and sorptive properties of a hybrid polymer containing manganese oxide toward As(III) and As(V). A poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymer containing oxidative functional groups (ASO 2 NBrNa) was used as the supporting material for MnO 2. The inorganic component was deposited as a result of the oxidation reaction of Mn(II) with oxidative groups of the host polymer. The surface of the polymer matrix was evenly covered with a thin layer of manganese oxide. The obtained product (R/S/Mn) exhibited high oxidative capacity over a wide pH range (2-12); however, under acidic and neutral conditions, the reaction ran significantly faster. The studied material shows some sorption properties but its sorption capacity is much lower than its oxidation capacity. The treatment, in a column regime, of the arsenic solution containing 1 mg As(III) dm 23 and coexisting ions in concentrations similar to those in natural waters, confirmed the excellent oxidation capacity of the obtained product.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Hybrid Polymer Containing Manganese and Iron Oxides as a Sorbent for As(III) and As(V) Removal

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013

A new hybrid material containing manganese and iron oxides, dispersed within the polymeric matrix... more A new hybrid material containing manganese and iron oxides, dispersed within the polymeric matrix, was synthesized as the sorbent for effective As(III) and As(V) removal. This material was obtained in a one-step process as a result of the oxidation reaction of Mn(II) and Fe(II) with oxidative functional groups of the host polymer. As the host polymer, the styrene−divinylbenzene copolymer containing N-bromosulfonamide groups (−SO 2 NBrNa) was used. The obtained product was characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurement and scanning electron microscope (SEM) energydispersive spectrometry (EDS), as well as pH zpc and Fe and Mn content determination. The adsorption experiments showed that pH ∼ 3.3−5.0 was optimal for subsequent removal of both As(III) and As(V), resulting in maximal sorption capacity of, respectively, 13.5 and 14.5 mg g −1. The presence of phosphates in solution adversely influenced the arsenate removal and, to a less extent, the arsenite removal. The sulfate, chloride, and bicarbonate ions had no or a slight effect on arsenic adsorption.