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Papers by dan smith
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 2005
Abstract Acoustic environments provide many valuable cues for context-aware computing application... more Abstract Acoustic environments provide many valuable cues for context-aware computing applications. From the acoustic environment we can infer the types of activity, communication modes and other actors in-volved in the activity. Environmental or background noise can ...
ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing, 2006
The acoustic environment provides a rich source of information on the types of activity, communic... more The acoustic environment provides a rich source of information on the types of activity, communication modes, and people involved in many situations. It can be accurately classified using recordings from microphones commonly found in PDAs and other consumer devices. We describe a prototype HMM-based acoustic environment classifier incorporating an adaptive learning mechanism and a hierarchical classification model. Experimental results show that we can accurately classify a wide variety of everyday environments. We also show good results classifying single sounds, although classification accuracy is influenced by the granularity of the classification.
British Journal of Haematology, 2003
Research is required to determine the optimal approach for prophylactic platelet transfusions in ... more Research is required to determine the optimal approach for prophylactic platelet transfusions in patients with haematological malignant disorders. It has been suggested that thresholds for prophylactic platelet transfusions of platelet counts below 10 • 10 9 /l should be investigated, as these may be equivalent in clinical effectiveness and associated with lower costs and fewer complications. An important concern in such investigation is the accurate estimation of platelet counts below 10 • 10 9 /l. This study aimed to further examine the potential reduction in platelet usage that could be made if a lowered platelet transfusion threshold of 5 • 10 9 /l was used in conjunction with an immunoplatelet counting method. Clinical and laboratory data from 130 haematology patients were used. Standard platelet counting was performed using Bayer H3 and ABX Argos analysers. Immunoplatelet counting was performed by flow cytometry using anti-CD61. The potential for reducing platelet transfusions included consideration of clinical criteria that influence prophylactic platelet transfusion use. The results indicated that the use of an immunoplatelet count with a 5 • 10 9 /l platelet transfusion threshold would potentially reduce the number of transfusions by 10AE4% in comparison with a 10 • 10 9 /l threshold and standard automated platelet counting with the ABX Argos analyser, and increase the number of transfusions by 5AE4% in comparison with the same threshold using the Bayer H3 analyser. The immunoplatelet count may aid the clinical decision to transfuse platelets, but would not necessarily lead to a reduced use of platelet transfusions.
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 2005
Abstract Acoustic environments provide many valuable cues for context-aware computing application... more Abstract Acoustic environments provide many valuable cues for context-aware computing applications. From the acoustic environment we can infer the types of activity, communication modes and other actors in-volved in the activity. Environmental or background noise can ...
ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing, 2006
The acoustic environment provides a rich source of information on the types of activity, communic... more The acoustic environment provides a rich source of information on the types of activity, communication modes, and people involved in many situations. It can be accurately classified using recordings from microphones commonly found in PDAs and other consumer devices. We describe a prototype HMM-based acoustic environment classifier incorporating an adaptive learning mechanism and a hierarchical classification model. Experimental results show that we can accurately classify a wide variety of everyday environments. We also show good results classifying single sounds, although classification accuracy is influenced by the granularity of the classification.
British Journal of Haematology, 2003
Research is required to determine the optimal approach for prophylactic platelet transfusions in ... more Research is required to determine the optimal approach for prophylactic platelet transfusions in patients with haematological malignant disorders. It has been suggested that thresholds for prophylactic platelet transfusions of platelet counts below 10 • 10 9 /l should be investigated, as these may be equivalent in clinical effectiveness and associated with lower costs and fewer complications. An important concern in such investigation is the accurate estimation of platelet counts below 10 • 10 9 /l. This study aimed to further examine the potential reduction in platelet usage that could be made if a lowered platelet transfusion threshold of 5 • 10 9 /l was used in conjunction with an immunoplatelet counting method. Clinical and laboratory data from 130 haematology patients were used. Standard platelet counting was performed using Bayer H3 and ABX Argos analysers. Immunoplatelet counting was performed by flow cytometry using anti-CD61. The potential for reducing platelet transfusions included consideration of clinical criteria that influence prophylactic platelet transfusion use. The results indicated that the use of an immunoplatelet count with a 5 • 10 9 /l platelet transfusion threshold would potentially reduce the number of transfusions by 10AE4% in comparison with a 10 • 10 9 /l threshold and standard automated platelet counting with the ABX Argos analyser, and increase the number of transfusions by 5AE4% in comparison with the same threshold using the Bayer H3 analyser. The immunoplatelet count may aid the clinical decision to transfuse platelets, but would not necessarily lead to a reduced use of platelet transfusions.