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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1997
Estradiol-17β (E 2 ) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine growth and funct... more Estradiol-17β (E 2 ) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine growth and functional differentiation. To determine whether E 2 elicits epithelial mitogenesis through epithelial ER versus indirectly via ER-positive stromal cells, uteri from adult ER-deficient ER knockout (ko) mice and neonatal ER-positive wild-type (wt) BALB/c mice were used to produce the following tissue recombinants containing ER in epithelium (E) and/or stroma (S), or lacking ER altogether: wt-S + wt-E, wt-S + ko-E, ko-S + ko-E, and ko-S + wt-E. Tissue recombinants were grown for 4 weeks as subrenal capsule grafts in intact female nude mice, then the hosts were treated with either E 2 or oil a week after ovariectomy. Epithelial labeling index and ER expression were determined by [ 3 H]thymidine autoradiography and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In tissue recombinants containing wt-S (wt-S + wt-E, wt-S + ko-E), E 2 induced a similar large increase in epithelial labeling index compared with o...
Endocrinology, 1999
17-Estradiol (E 2) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine epithelial cell g... more 17-Estradiol (E 2) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine epithelial cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and secretory protein production. We have previously shown that E 2induced uterine epithelial proliferation is mediated indirectly by ER␣-positive stroma; epithelial ER␣ is neither necessary nor sufficient for E 2-induced uterine epithelial mitogenesis. In the present study, we addressed the question of whether production of uterine epithelial secretory proteins and their messenger RNAs (mRNAs) requires ER␣ in stroma, epithelium, or both by analyzing tissue recombinations composed of uterine tissue from adult ER␣ knockout (ko) and neonatal BALB/c (wt) mice. Stroma (S) and epithelium (E) were separated by trypsinization, and four types of uterine tissue recombinants were prepared: wt-S ϩ wt-E, wt-S ϩ ko-E, ko-S ϩ wt-E, and ko-S ϩ ko-E. These tissue recombinants were grown as subrenal capsule grafts in intact female nude mice for 4 weeks, at which time the hosts were ovariectomized. To assess the production of secretory proteins and their mRNAs, 1 week after ovariectomy the hosts were given three daily injections of oil or E 2 (100 ng), and then 24 h later the grafts were recovered and used for either ER or lactoferrin (LF) immunohistochemistry. To assess steady state mRNA levels by Northern blotting, hosts received one injection of oil or E 2 24 h before
Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2011
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is kn technology with bandwidth varying from 1.4 uses different modulat... more Long Term Evolution (LTE) is kn technology with bandwidth varying from 1.4 uses different modulation techniques at d However, the availability of frequency allo exhausted. Now, the opportunity of frequency emerges along with the government plan television (478-806 MHz) with 8 MHz ban television because digital television needs le analog television. The contribution of this pa many eNodeBs needed for
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1997
Estradiol-17β (E 2 ) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine growth and funct... more Estradiol-17β (E 2 ) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine growth and functional differentiation. To determine whether E 2 elicits epithelial mitogenesis through epithelial ER versus indirectly via ER-positive stromal cells, uteri from adult ER-deficient ER knockout (ko) mice and neonatal ER-positive wild-type (wt) BALB/c mice were used to produce the following tissue recombinants containing ER in epithelium (E) and/or stroma (S), or lacking ER altogether: wt-S + wt-E, wt-S + ko-E, ko-S + ko-E, and ko-S + wt-E. Tissue recombinants were grown for 4 weeks as subrenal capsule grafts in intact female nude mice, then the hosts were treated with either E 2 or oil a week after ovariectomy. Epithelial labeling index and ER expression were determined by [ 3 H]thymidine autoradiography and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In tissue recombinants containing wt-S (wt-S + wt-E, wt-S + ko-E), E 2 induced a similar large increase in epithelial labeling index compared with o...
Endocrinology, 1999
17-Estradiol (E 2) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine epithelial cell g... more 17-Estradiol (E 2) acts through the estrogen receptor (ER) to regulate uterine epithelial cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and secretory protein production. We have previously shown that E 2induced uterine epithelial proliferation is mediated indirectly by ER␣-positive stroma; epithelial ER␣ is neither necessary nor sufficient for E 2-induced uterine epithelial mitogenesis. In the present study, we addressed the question of whether production of uterine epithelial secretory proteins and their messenger RNAs (mRNAs) requires ER␣ in stroma, epithelium, or both by analyzing tissue recombinations composed of uterine tissue from adult ER␣ knockout (ko) and neonatal BALB/c (wt) mice. Stroma (S) and epithelium (E) were separated by trypsinization, and four types of uterine tissue recombinants were prepared: wt-S ϩ wt-E, wt-S ϩ ko-E, ko-S ϩ wt-E, and ko-S ϩ ko-E. These tissue recombinants were grown as subrenal capsule grafts in intact female nude mice for 4 weeks, at which time the hosts were ovariectomized. To assess the production of secretory proteins and their mRNAs, 1 week after ovariectomy the hosts were given three daily injections of oil or E 2 (100 ng), and then 24 h later the grafts were recovered and used for either ER or lactoferrin (LF) immunohistochemistry. To assess steady state mRNA levels by Northern blotting, hosts received one injection of oil or E 2 24 h before
Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2011
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is kn technology with bandwidth varying from 1.4 uses different modulat... more Long Term Evolution (LTE) is kn technology with bandwidth varying from 1.4 uses different modulation techniques at d However, the availability of frequency allo exhausted. Now, the opportunity of frequency emerges along with the government plan television (478-806 MHz) with 8 MHz ban television because digital television needs le analog television. The contribution of this pa many eNodeBs needed for