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Papers by Desalew S . Tewabe

Research paper thumbnail of Food Safety and Hygiene Practices and the Determinants Among Street Vendors During the Chain of Food Production in Northwest Ethiopia

Food Safety and Hygiene Practices and the Determinants Among Street Vendors During the Chain of Food Production in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023

ABSTRACT Background: There is mounting evidence that Ethiopia is becoming a more street-food-co... more ABSTRACT
Background: There is mounting evidence that Ethiopia is becoming a more street-food-consuming nation. The hygienic and safety procedures, however, are not adequately evaluated. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the magnitude of food safety and hygiene practices and associated factors among street food vendors of Bahir Dar City.
Method: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 10 to April 10, 2019. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire with an observational checklist. The collected data were entered into EPI Data and analyzed by R software. Descriptive statistics were computed. A Binary logistic regression model was fit to identify the association and strength of exploratory variables and food safety and hygiene practices at a 95 % confidence interval and p-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 421 participants participated. The level of good food safety and hygiene practices was 36 % (95%CI: 31, 41). Monthly income of >2500 Birr (AOR = 4.99; 95%CI: 2.42, 10.3), work experience of >2 years (AOR = 2.05; 95%CI: 1.15, 3.65), having supervision by health professionals (AOR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.25, 4.85), having good knowledge about food safety and hygiene (AOR = 3.84; 95%CI: 1.42, 10.36), and having a favorable attitude towards food safety and hygiene (AOR = 2.71; 95%CI: 1.12, 6.57) were determinants of food safety and hygiene practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Poor Adherence to CART and Treatment Failure at Second-Line Regimens Among Adults in Public Hospitals of Amhara Region, North-Western Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Patient Preference and Adherence

Background: Globally, HIV/AIDS has challenged the lives of 36.3 million people and resulted in 17... more Background: Globally, HIV/AIDS has challenged the lives of 36.3 million people and resulted in 17 million orphans. The disease has neither a vaccine nor a cure and the only option currently is highly active antiretroviral therapy. This research was conducted to identify the predictors of poor adherence to CART and treatment failure at second-line regimen among adults living with HIV/AIDS in public hospitals of Amhara region, northwestern Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was conducted on 700 HIV-positive people who were receiving a second-line CART regimen. Participants on second-line regimens who followed their treatment between 2016 and 2019 were considered. Data were extracted from participants' clinical charts from June 18-July 7, 2020. Results: A multivariate regression analysis indicates that age of patients (OR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.001-1.321; p = 0.005), follow-up visits (OR = 0.979, 95% CI: 0.873-0.998; p < 0.001), CD4 cell count change (OR = 0.9860; 95% CI: 0.835-0.998; p < 0.01), marital status (OR = 0.973, 95% CI: 0.789-0.997; p = 0.006), female HIV-infected patients (OR = 0.990; 95% CI: 0.789-0.999; p <0.001), rural patients (OR = 1.151; 95% CI 1.065-1.398; p = 0.004), non-educated adult patients (OR = 1.026, 95% CI: 1.002-1.198; p = 0.003), existence of social violence (OR = 0.012, 95% CI: 0.008-0.134; p< 0.01), patients with opportunistic diseases (OR = 1.0345, 95% CI 1.002-1.142; p = 0.001), CD4 cell count (OR = 0.901, 95% CI: 0.843-0.995; p = 0.025) and malnutrition (OR = 0.883, 95% CI; 0.762-0.954; p = 0.001) significantly affected the two response variables. Conclusion: Several variables affected both poor adherence to HAART and treatment failure at second-line regimens in the current investigation. Due attention should be given to aged patients, rural residents, non-educated patients, and patients with other morbidities to be successful with second-line treatment regimens.

Research paper thumbnail of PREVALENCE OF OVINE FASCIOLOSIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS ON SLAUGHTERED SHEEP AT HOTELS OF MERAWI TOWN NORTH WEST OF ETHIOPIA

IJMPR, 2018

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Merawi town from January to May with the objective of de... more A cross-sectional study was conducted in Merawi town from January to May with the objective of determining the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis and identify its risk factors in the study area. The fecal samples of (384) sheep were collected and tested to identify eggs of Fasciola spp. Moreover, the liver of this sheep were examined for the presence of adult Fasciola worm. The overall prevalence of Fasciola species infection of slaughtered sheep was 18.75%. During sample collection, information concerning history of sheep was collected using semi-structure interview. The results of the study showed that there is a significant (p<0.05) difference in the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis in; age groups, FAMACHA eye color, body condition score, agro-ecology, nature of grazing area, practice of mixed grazing and deworming history. The higher prevalence being observed in old aged, white eye color, poor body condition, high risk "Dega" areas swampy grazing areas and with an often practice of mixed grazing respectively. Sex, breed type, feeding management, Awareness of sheep owners have not showed significant (p>0.05) difference in the prevalence of fasciolosis. Animals should be prevented either by keeping them away from these area or by fencing of dangerous areas and swampy areas should be well drained and also Strategic anthelmintic treatment with appropriate flukicide drug should be administered.

Research paper thumbnail of Identification and distribution of intermediate host snails in Mecha woreda, Amhara, North West of Ethiopia

Biodiversity International Journal

During summer, July 2016, Five kebeles of Mecha woreda were selected randomly and all the potenti... more During summer, July 2016, Five kebeles of Mecha woreda were selected randomly and all the potential habitat of snails were visited including edges of springs, irrigation canals ,swamps, dam areas and some moist bushy places covered with plants. Five different kinds of snail genus were collected and identified as 46.1% land snails of the genus Helix, 23.7% Lymnaea, 13.2% Bulinus, and 9.2% Planorbin, and 7.9% Oncomelania. The majority of the land snails being found in moist bushy biotopes, the Lymnaea in swampy and irrigation canals whereas most of Bulinus, Planorbis, and Oncomelania being commonly found at the edges of rivers and near dams. Then in conclusion, as evidenced from the study, the study area is conducive environment for survival of snail intermediate host and overall prevalence of Fasciola species.

Research paper thumbnail of Food Safety and Hygiene Practices and the Determinants Among Street Vendors During the Chain of Food Production in Northwest Ethiopia

Food Safety and Hygiene Practices and the Determinants Among Street Vendors During the Chain of Food Production in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023

ABSTRACT Background: There is mounting evidence that Ethiopia is becoming a more street-food-co... more ABSTRACT
Background: There is mounting evidence that Ethiopia is becoming a more street-food-consuming nation. The hygienic and safety procedures, however, are not adequately evaluated. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the magnitude of food safety and hygiene practices and associated factors among street food vendors of Bahir Dar City.
Method: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 10 to April 10, 2019. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire with an observational checklist. The collected data were entered into EPI Data and analyzed by R software. Descriptive statistics were computed. A Binary logistic regression model was fit to identify the association and strength of exploratory variables and food safety and hygiene practices at a 95 % confidence interval and p-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 421 participants participated. The level of good food safety and hygiene practices was 36 % (95%CI: 31, 41). Monthly income of >2500 Birr (AOR = 4.99; 95%CI: 2.42, 10.3), work experience of >2 years (AOR = 2.05; 95%CI: 1.15, 3.65), having supervision by health professionals (AOR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.25, 4.85), having good knowledge about food safety and hygiene (AOR = 3.84; 95%CI: 1.42, 10.36), and having a favorable attitude towards food safety and hygiene (AOR = 2.71; 95%CI: 1.12, 6.57) were determinants of food safety and hygiene practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Poor Adherence to CART and Treatment Failure at Second-Line Regimens Among Adults in Public Hospitals of Amhara Region, North-Western Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Patient Preference and Adherence

Background: Globally, HIV/AIDS has challenged the lives of 36.3 million people and resulted in 17... more Background: Globally, HIV/AIDS has challenged the lives of 36.3 million people and resulted in 17 million orphans. The disease has neither a vaccine nor a cure and the only option currently is highly active antiretroviral therapy. This research was conducted to identify the predictors of poor adherence to CART and treatment failure at second-line regimen among adults living with HIV/AIDS in public hospitals of Amhara region, northwestern Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was conducted on 700 HIV-positive people who were receiving a second-line CART regimen. Participants on second-line regimens who followed their treatment between 2016 and 2019 were considered. Data were extracted from participants' clinical charts from June 18-July 7, 2020. Results: A multivariate regression analysis indicates that age of patients (OR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.001-1.321; p = 0.005), follow-up visits (OR = 0.979, 95% CI: 0.873-0.998; p < 0.001), CD4 cell count change (OR = 0.9860; 95% CI: 0.835-0.998; p < 0.01), marital status (OR = 0.973, 95% CI: 0.789-0.997; p = 0.006), female HIV-infected patients (OR = 0.990; 95% CI: 0.789-0.999; p <0.001), rural patients (OR = 1.151; 95% CI 1.065-1.398; p = 0.004), non-educated adult patients (OR = 1.026, 95% CI: 1.002-1.198; p = 0.003), existence of social violence (OR = 0.012, 95% CI: 0.008-0.134; p< 0.01), patients with opportunistic diseases (OR = 1.0345, 95% CI 1.002-1.142; p = 0.001), CD4 cell count (OR = 0.901, 95% CI: 0.843-0.995; p = 0.025) and malnutrition (OR = 0.883, 95% CI; 0.762-0.954; p = 0.001) significantly affected the two response variables. Conclusion: Several variables affected both poor adherence to HAART and treatment failure at second-line regimens in the current investigation. Due attention should be given to aged patients, rural residents, non-educated patients, and patients with other morbidities to be successful with second-line treatment regimens.

Research paper thumbnail of PREVALENCE OF OVINE FASCIOLOSIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS ON SLAUGHTERED SHEEP AT HOTELS OF MERAWI TOWN NORTH WEST OF ETHIOPIA

IJMPR, 2018

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Merawi town from January to May with the objective of de... more A cross-sectional study was conducted in Merawi town from January to May with the objective of determining the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis and identify its risk factors in the study area. The fecal samples of (384) sheep were collected and tested to identify eggs of Fasciola spp. Moreover, the liver of this sheep were examined for the presence of adult Fasciola worm. The overall prevalence of Fasciola species infection of slaughtered sheep was 18.75%. During sample collection, information concerning history of sheep was collected using semi-structure interview. The results of the study showed that there is a significant (p<0.05) difference in the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis in; age groups, FAMACHA eye color, body condition score, agro-ecology, nature of grazing area, practice of mixed grazing and deworming history. The higher prevalence being observed in old aged, white eye color, poor body condition, high risk "Dega" areas swampy grazing areas and with an often practice of mixed grazing respectively. Sex, breed type, feeding management, Awareness of sheep owners have not showed significant (p>0.05) difference in the prevalence of fasciolosis. Animals should be prevented either by keeping them away from these area or by fencing of dangerous areas and swampy areas should be well drained and also Strategic anthelmintic treatment with appropriate flukicide drug should be administered.

Research paper thumbnail of Identification and distribution of intermediate host snails in Mecha woreda, Amhara, North West of Ethiopia

Biodiversity International Journal

During summer, July 2016, Five kebeles of Mecha woreda were selected randomly and all the potenti... more During summer, July 2016, Five kebeles of Mecha woreda were selected randomly and all the potential habitat of snails were visited including edges of springs, irrigation canals ,swamps, dam areas and some moist bushy places covered with plants. Five different kinds of snail genus were collected and identified as 46.1% land snails of the genus Helix, 23.7% Lymnaea, 13.2% Bulinus, and 9.2% Planorbin, and 7.9% Oncomelania. The majority of the land snails being found in moist bushy biotopes, the Lymnaea in swampy and irrigation canals whereas most of Bulinus, Planorbis, and Oncomelania being commonly found at the edges of rivers and near dams. Then in conclusion, as evidenced from the study, the study area is conducive environment for survival of snail intermediate host and overall prevalence of Fasciola species.