amadou matel diallo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by amadou matel diallo

In most developing countries, historically, the main strategy for improving the food sector has f... more In most developing countries, historically, the main strategy for improving the food sector has focused on increasing farm-level production. But in recent years, with the emphasis on value chain analysis, there has been much more focus on subsector studies, demand-driven approaches, and improving vertical coordination to assure product quality to final consumption markets. Millet, sorghum, and later rice were the traditional leading three cereal crops produced and consumed in Mali. Maize has trailed them for more than two decades, but from mid 1990s on, it has been produced and consumed in much larger quantities. Given the potentials of maize, developing and better organizing its subsector has the potential to not only increase revenues for maize farmers, but also create profitable opportunities for other actors in the subsector (traders, marketers, processors, industries, and consumers). This paper seeks to provide a description of the changing supply and demand dynamics for maize ...

Background: While the first case of COVID-19 was declared on March 2 2020 in Senegal, the governm... more Background: While the first case of COVID-19 was declared on March 2 2020 in Senegal, the government banned the attendance of places of worship on 14 March. On March 23, it introduced a curfew, a ban on movement between regions, and the closure of markets. These measures were lifted in May and June 2020. The objective of this study is to measure and understand the acceptability of these four governmental measures as well as the level of public trust in the state to fight the pandemic. Methods: We carried out a mixed-method research with an explanatory sequential estimate. The acceptability variables were defined using the theoretical framework of acceptability (TFA). At the quantitative level, we carried out a telephone survey (June/July 2020) at the national level (n=813) with a sampling strategy by marginal quotas. To understand these results, we conducted a qualitative survey (August/September 2020) with a nested sample (n=30). Results: The results show a relatively high acceptab...

2009 17th European Signal Processing Conference, 2009

Joint source-channel (JSC) coding is an important alternative to classic separate coding in wirel... more Joint source-channel (JSC) coding is an important alternative to classic separate coding in wireless applications that require robustness without feedback or under stringent delay constraints. JSC schemes based on arithmetic coding can be implemented with finite-state encoders (FSE) generating finite-state codes (FSC). The performance of an FSC is primarily characterized by its free distance, which can be computed with efficient algorithms. This work shows how all FSEs corresponding to a set of initial parameters (source probabilities, arithmetic precision, design rate) can be ordered in a tree data structure. Since an exhaustive search of the code with the largest free distance is very difficult in most cases, a criterion for optimized exploration of the tree of FSEs is provided. Three methods for exploring the tree are proposed and compared with respect to the speed of finding a code with the largest free distance.

Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 1984

Viruses, 2021

Yellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa d... more Yellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In Senegal and particularly in the eastern part of the country, periodic sylvatic circulation has been demonstrated with varying degrees of impact on populations in perpetual renewal. We report an outbreak that occurred from October 2020 to February 2021 in eastern Senegal, notified and managed through the synergistic effort yellow fever national surveillance implemented by the Senegalese Ministry of Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization, the countrywide 4S network set up by the Ministry of Health, the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, and the surveillance of arboviruses and hemorrhagic fever viruses in human and vector populations implemented since mid 2020 in eastern Senegal. Virological analyses highlighted the implication of sylvatic mosquito species in virus transmission. Genomic analysis showed a close relationship between...

Asian Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, 2020

This study analyzes the sources of current account fluctuations in the West African Monetary Unio... more This study analyzes the sources of current account fluctuations in the West African Monetary Union (WAEMU) economies over the period from 1980 to 2017. It is part of the inter-temporal approach which considers that the dynamics of the current account of a country is influenced by global shocks and transient or permanent domestic shocks. Thus, we developed a three-variable structural autoregressive vector model. This is the international real interest rate that represents the aggregate shock, the ratio of current account to gross domestic product which is the proxy for transient domestic shocks, and the ratio of net output to gross domestic product to measure impact of permanent shocks to the current account. From the theoretical model, structural shocks are identified by applying the long-term restrictions imposed by the inter-temporal approach in the analysis of current account dynamics. The study leads to three major results: 1) current account fluctuations within WAEMU are explai...

Revue internationale P.M.E.: Économie et gestion de la petite et moyenne entreprise, 2017

The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 2006

Technical and financial factors and the deregulation of the telecommunication field are often use... more Technical and financial factors and the deregulation of the telecommunication field are often used to explain both the use of the cellular phones and the satisfaction of end-users in developing countries. Little attention, however, has been paid to factors such as perceptions, motivations, and social variables which directly influence the decision of an individual to adopt and use a cellular phone. This study aims at better understanding the effect of these factors on the utilization of cellular phones. A questionnaire survey was conducted among cellular phones users in Guinea. Results obtained from a sample of 463 respondents show that familiarity, social influence, and the needs for mobility required by the task are key determinants of cellular phones' use. 1.

Http Www Theses Fr, Dec 5, 2012

Investir en Afrique Le point de vue des entreprises chinoises : Cas du Mali Investir en Afrique L... more Investir en Afrique Le point de vue des entreprises chinoises : Cas du Mali Investir en Afrique Le point de vue des entreprises chinoises : Cas du Mali

Afrique Contemporaine, 2007

Mes remerciements vont tout d'abord à mes directeurs de thèse, Mme Martine Audibert et M. Jacky M... more Mes remerciements vont tout d'abord à mes directeurs de thèse, Mme Martine Audibert et M. Jacky Mathonnat, pour m'avoir guidé au cours de toutes ces années. Sans leur patience, leur suivi, leurs conseils avisés et surtout leur gentillesse et encouragements, cette thèse n'aurait pu aboutir. J'aimerais ensuite remercier le CERDI, son environnement de travail sans égal et son équipe plus que chaleureuse, avec à leur tête M. Patrick Guillaumont et sa femme Sylviane. Je remercie aussi M. Patrick Doger et Mme Debas pour leur soutien constant. Une pensée émue va aussi à Martine Bouchut et Vincent Mazenod pour dépanner patiemment mon ordinateur, à Jacko et Michèle Combaud pour les livres, à Bruno et Denis, aux deux Annie, Brigitte, Marie Ceysson, Odette Gallon, Philippe Messéant et à tous ceux de l'administration que je n'ai pu mentionner ici. Je remercie les professeurs qui m'ont enseigné et ceux qui m'ont conseillé (Jean-Louis Arcand,

Tij S Research Journal of Economics Business Studies Rjebs, Nov 29, 2013

Manufacturing strategy as a concept, area of study and practice has been growing for the last rec... more Manufacturing strategy as a concept, area of study and practice has been growing for the last recent years. Nevertheless, as it has grown the clarity of manufacturing strategy has diminished as different approaches and different views have appeared. This paper briefly reviewed the significance of manufacturing strategy and its implementation by firms to raise their performance. From literature reviewed it can be concluded that different firms have embraced different manufacturing strategies in order to develop their business performance. Greatest manufacturing strategies in firms should contain aspects such as the anticipation of new technology, and a link between manufacturing strategy and business strategy, a formal strategic planning process, which includes the company's management, and communication of the manufacturing strategy to firm'semployees.This paper recommends a model of manufacturing strategy that includes five decisions areas namely: 1) product design / engineering; 2) production planning and control; 3) organization and management; 4) plant and equipment; and 5) labor and staffing.

Les plantes sont des organismes sessiles, ce qui implique qu'elles doivent passer a travers t... more Les plantes sont des organismes sessiles, ce qui implique qu'elles doivent passer a travers tous les stades de leur developpement au meme endroit peu importe les conditions environnementales. La transition de la phase vegetative (production de tiges et feuilles) a la phase reproductive (production de fleurs) est une etape cruciale de ce developpement. Les facteurs environnementaux tels que la duree de l'ensoleillement, la temperature, les nutriments et la disponibilite en eau sont des determinants importants de cette transition, et donc de la floraison. En zones temperees, la majorite des especes vegetales ont developpe des mecanismes d'adaptation leur permettant d'optimiser leur developpement en fonction des conditions de temperature et d'ensoleillement. Des pertes agricoles importantes peuvent etre encourues si ces conditions ne sont pas optimales. Le ble est une des especes cerealieres essentielles a cause de son utilisation quotidienne directe et indirecte dans la nourriture de la population humaine mondiale et des animaux. Cette cereale est composee essentiellement de cultivars d'hiver et de cultivars de printemps. Les cultivars d'hiver sont semes en automne et recoltes en debut d'ete, donc traversant tout l'automne et l'hiver avec le risque de pertes dues au gel. Les cultivars de printemps sont semes au printemps et recoltes en fin d'ete avec le risque de pertes dues au gel d'automne et aux attaques d'insectes ravageurs plus abondants a ce moment. La floraison du ble d'hiver requiert une exposition prolongee aux temperatures basses, un processus appele vernalisation. Chez le ble hexaploide (Triticum aestivum L.), le processus de vernalisation est regi par une des voies genetiques qui impliquent trois genes principaux qui codent pour des facteurs de transcription, Triticum aestivum VERNALIZATION1 (TaVRN1), Triticum aestivum VERNALIZATION2 (TaVRN2) et Triticum aestivum FLOWERING LOCUS T like 1 (TaFT1), egalement appele TaVRN3. TaVRN1 et TaVRN3 sont des activateurs de la floraison tandis que TaVRN2 est un represseur de la floraison. Afin de comprendre la fonction et la regulation de chacun de ces trois genes dans la floraison du ble hexaploide, j'ai utilise une approche genomique (biopuce) combinee a des outils bioinformatiques (analyse de donnees et de sequences) et une approche de genetique moleculaire (regulation de l'expression genique, epigenetique, et mutagene). Dans une premiere etude, j'ai teste si VRN2 peut agir comme un represseur de la floraison chez une espece de plante differente des cereales temperees. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons exprime de facon constitutive chez Arabidopsis thaliana le gene du ble TaVRN2. Les plantes transgeniques obtenues n'ont montre aucune alteration de leur morphologie, mais leur date de floraison a ete considerablement retardee par rapport aux plantes controles. Ces resultats indiquent que TaVRN2, bien que n'ayant pas d'orthologue connu chez les Brassicaceae, agit comme un represseur de la floraison chez ces especes. Des etudes sur la tolerance au gel ont revele que les plantes transgeniques ont une tolerance au gel plus elevee que les plantes controles. Dans l'ensemble, ces donnees suggerent que le gene TaVRN2 pourrait moduler des voies de regulation qui regissent le temps de floraison et l'induction de la tolerance au gel. Des etudes d'expression de la transcription indiquent que l'expression de TaVRN-A1 et TaFT-A1 chez le ble d'hiver est induite par la vernalisation. En utilisant la methode d'immunoprecipitation sur la chromatine (IPCh ou ChIP) nous avons demontre que cette regulation a la hausse est associee a une augmentation du niveau de methylation de l'histone-3-lysine-4-trimethylation (H3K4Me3) impliquee dans la regulation epigenetique alors qu'on ne note pas de changement du niveau de l'histone-3-lysine-27-trimethylation (H3K27Me3) a la region promotrice de TaVRN-A1 et TaFT1-A1. Cependant pour les deux marqueurs, leur niveau d'expression est maintenu comparable a la region promotrice TaVRN-B2. H3K4me3 est un marqueur d'activation de la transcription alors que H3K27Me3 est un marqueur de repression de la transcription. Des resultats d'analyses de sequences de promoteur de chaque gene obtenus avec l'utilisation d'outils bioinformatiques revelent la presence d'elements cis cibles par des facteurs de transcription communs chez les especes de plante qui exigent la vernalisation pour fleurir. Ces donnees suggerent l'implication de ces elements cis cibles durant la vernalisation. Ces promoteurs possedent egalement des elements de reponse au Polycomb et au Trithorax qui lient les groupes de proteines Polycomb et Trithorax, pour maintenir les etats de transcription reprime ou actif des genes de developpement importants. L'ensemble de ces donnees indique que la transition de la floraison induite par la vernalisation chez le ble est regulee de facon epigenetique et est mediee par la methylation des histones au niveau des promoteurs de TaVRN1, TaFT1 et…

Revue Generale De Droit, 2012

Actes Des Colloques De L Aidelf, 1992

Http Www Theses Fr, 2008

L'Accord de Cotonou etablit un cadre strategique pour les relations entre l'U. E. Et les ... more L'Accord de Cotonou etablit un cadre strategique pour les relations entre l'U. E. Et les pays A. C. P. (d'Afrique, les Caraibes et le Pacifique). Il a ete signe le 23 juin 2000 a Cotonou au Benin et revise le 25 juin 2005 au Luxembourg. Les nouvelles dispositions couvrent un large eventail de sujets, comme le renforcement du dialogue politique, la rationalisation des instruments financiers d'aide au developpement et une cooperation economique et commerciale plus etroite dans l'optique de la mise en place progressive des Accords de partenariat hnornique regionaux. Ce nouvel accord met l'accent sur cinq points strategiques majeurs. D'abord le renforcement des relations politiques entres les Etats A. C. P. Et l'Union europeenne, autrement dit instaurer un dialogue regulier favorisant la coherence et la pertinence des strategies de cooperation A. C. P. -U. E. La politique de consoIidation de la paix et de prevention des conflits ou des migrations est integree dans le nouvel accord. Un dialogue regulier sera entretenu avec les organisations regionales, sous-regionales et les representants de la societe civile sur le respect des droits humains, des principes democratiques et la bonne gestion des affaires publiques.

Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2001

Objectives To assess the ability of mothers in a rural area of the Republic of Guinea to identify... more Objectives To assess the ability of mothers in a rural area of the Republic of Guinea to identify fever in their children, and to estimate the proportion of children who received antimalarial drugs. Methods Children under 5 years of age in 41 villages were selected by a two-step cluster sampling technique. During home visits we examined the children and questioned their mothers about the child's symptoms and treatment. Findings Of 784 children examined, 23% were febrile and more than half of them also had a positive smear result for Plasmodium. Mothers reported 63% of children with a temperature 537.5 o C as sick. Among all children reported as feverish by their mother, 55% had a normal temperature (<37.5 o C). In contrast, a temperature 537.5 o C was found in 38% of children identified as sick but afebrile by their mother and in 13% of children considered healthy. Among febrile children, 18% were given chloroquine at home or had consulted at the health centre or a dispensary. Conclusion In areas where malaria is endemic, recognition of fever and its presumptive treatment with antimalarial drugs is an essential part of the strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce the morbidity due to this disease. This population study shows that mothers often failed to identify fever in their children and to consult or to provide antimalarial treatment. Without great efforts to improve home care, it is unlikely that the morbidity and mortality due to malaria in young children will be greatly reduced.