dooshima shiriki - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by dooshima shiriki

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Apr 1, 2024

In this research, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies of unripe coconut fluid (Cocu... more In this research, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies of unripe coconut fluid (Cocus nucifera L) was carried out. Coconut fruits were collected and the mesocarp was opened to expose the endocarp which harbours the clear fluid. The unripe coconut fluid was used for the preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies. Findings reveals that the fluid contains Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Steroids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Tannins, Anthraquinone and Saponins. The GCMS analysis revealed 16 bioactive components with 5-Eiicosene, an alkene, with highest composition with the percentage area of 31.95 %. FTIR results of the unripe coconut fluids showed absorption bands corresponding to N-H, O-H, C-H and CC double bonds.Antimicrobial studies was carried out on the unripe coconut fluid (UCF) and was screened against Aspergillus fumigatus, Candidas Spp, Staphylococcus Aureus (Gram positive Bacteria) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacteria). The result of the Zone of Inhibition (ZI) adopting agar diffusion method indicates that, Unripe Coconut Fluid (UCF) was effective against both gram positive and negative bacteria and to a small extent on fungi. The research therefore infers that unripe coconut fluid has bioactive compounds that elicited antibacterial and antifungal activities and hence, can be employed in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as well as herbal medication.

Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five ... more Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria, between the months of March 2014 to March 2015.

International Journal of Food Processing Technology, 2014

Malnutrition significantly impacts the survival of a child and is a major public health problem. ... more Malnutrition significantly impacts the survival of a child and is a major public health problem. It adversely effects the cognitive and physical development of children [1]. Although, the under five mortality has shown a significant improvement over the last few decades, but still there are many countries who are facing high burdens of malnutrition [2]. Every year more than three million children die of malnutrition, of which Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) bear the major burden [3]. A recent joint report on childhood malnutrition by the United Nations Children's Fund, WHO, and World bank group suggests that staggering 149 and 45.4 million children under five years of age are stunted and wasted [4]. Further, more than one third and around half of these stunted and wasted children belong to the South Asian region [5]. The magnitude of child under nutrition in India is one of the highest in the world. According to the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-5, less than 5 years of age around 35.5 % are stunted, 32.1 % are underweight, 19.3 % are wasted and 7.7 % of children are severely wasted [6]. So that there is an urgent need to improve childhood nutrition [7]. This would predominantly include improvement of the nutritional quality (energy density, macronutrients, and micronutrients) of complementary and supplementary food. Further, given the budget constraints in the LMIC, there is a need for food based interventions that are less expensive, prepared with locally available ingredients, consistent with local or cultural food habits, and should consider safe handling [7,8]. Moringa oleifera is commonly grown local plant. Nutritional analyses show that its leaves have nutritional and medicinal values; it is rich in protein with high quantities of vitamin A and significant quantities of vitamin C, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, selenium, and zinc. It also contains all the essential amino acids, including two which are arginine and histamine that are especially important for children's health [9,10]. The leaves can be easily dried and ground into powder form for use as a nutritional supplement. Looking at the monetary, availability and nutritional benefit of Moringa oleifera, it can be considered useful in the nutritional rehabilitation of children with severe acute malnutrition [11-14]. However, the clinical trials on usage of moringa oleifera as a nutritional supplement in children with severe acute malnutrition are very limited, with no data from India [11]. Hence, present study was done to assess the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on children with Severe Acute malnutrition (SAM) during facility-based care and home-based care. MAterIAls And MethOds This randomised controlled trial was conducted in Severe Malnutrition Treatment Unit

International journal of innovation and scientific research, Sep 2, 2015

The ligand glycine-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (GNH) was synthesized by stirring at room temperatu... more The ligand glycine-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (GNH) was synthesized by stirring at room temperature and used for the preparation of Mn(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes. These were characterized using infrared, electronic absorption data, molar conductivity melting points and solubility. The melting points of the synthesized compounds were in the range of 235.6-253.7 0 C while the conductivities measured in DMSO were in the range of 2.09-6.65 µs. The infrared spectra data of these ligands and their metal complexes showed that the ligands are neutral bidentate molecules which coordinated to the metal ions through the azomethine nitrogen atom of the Schiff bases and the carboxylate oxygen atom of the schiff bases. From the UV visible data available, tetrahedral geometry have been assigned to the prepared complexes. The antimicrobial studies of the synthesized compounds on microorganisms such as: Escherichia coli, Staphylococus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans at different concentrations revealed that all the ligands and complexes have good antimicrobial activities. The complexes showed enhanced activities and their activities against the micro organisms increased with increasing concentrations.

Effects of Farmers’ Practices on Maize (Zea mays) Contamination by Potential Aflatoxigenic Fungi and Aflatoxin in Benue State, Nigeria

Agricultural Sciences

Food and Nutrition Sciences

Nine microorganisms, comprising of four bacteria, Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ser... more Nine microorganisms, comprising of four bacteria, Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and five fungi, Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium marneffei, isolated from rotten yam tubers of 2016 harvest year, were treated with ten plants extracts (Passiflora edulis, Daniella oliveri, Ceiba pentandra, Jatropha tanjorensis, Azadrichta indica, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, Mangifera indica, Terminalia catapa and Senna alata), singly and synergistically by incorporation of extract in media for inhibition test.

Food and Nutrition Sciences

Nine microorganisms were isolated from four varieties of Dioscorea rotundata (gbongu, ogoja, Amul... more Nine microorganisms were isolated from four varieties of Dioscorea rotundata (gbongu, ogoja, Amula, Hembamkwase); four bacteria, Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and five fungi, Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium marneffei, from five local government areas of Benue State (Vandeikya, Ukum, Katsina Ala, Guma and Logo). Pathogenicity test on the isolates confirmed them to be the cause of rot. The nine plants extract (Ceiba pentandra, Jatropha tanjorensis, Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera, Carica papaya, Mangifera indica, Daniella oliveri, Terminalia catapa and Passiflora edulis) synergistically added inhibited all the four bacteria isolates completely. The five fungi were inhibited by 60% (c)-80% (b); Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum; and Aspergillus niger, Penicillium marneffei, respectively.

Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Six microorganisms: four fungi-Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifera, Penic... more Six microorganisms: four fungi-Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifera, Penicillium marneffei, two bacteria-Erwinia carotovora and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated and identified from three rotten Dioscorea alata (water yam) varieties from two sites each in two local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria, in West Africa, between the months of May 2014 and May 2015. Pathogenicity test carried out using the microorganisms confirmed them to be the pathological agents of the rot. Antimicrobial activity test with aqueous extracts of nine plants: Terminalia catapa, Passiflora edulis, Daniella oliveri, Ceiba pentandra, Jatropha tanjorensis, Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, and Mangifera indica of fresh and dry material showed that three pathogens, Rhizopus stolonifera (fungi), Erwinia carotovora and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria) isolated were completely inhibited each by a plant. The result obtained shows that Passiflora edulis had the best antimicrobial activity for both fungi and bacteria; indeed it inhibited completely Rhizopus stolonifera which was stubborn with most of the other plants. Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, and Mangifera indica were also able to inhibit most of the fungi but not completely. Terminalia catapa and Jatropha tanjorensis were most effective against the bacteria. Erwinia carotovora was completely inhibited by Terminalia catapa and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was completely inhibited by Jatropha tanjorensis. Daniella oliveri and Ceiba pentandra had the least inhibition against the isolates. Generally, the fresh plant extract shows more activity as compared to the dry plant extract.

Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Nutritional evaluation of complementary food formulations from maize, soybean and peanut fortifie... more Nutritional evaluation of complementary food formulations from maize, soybean and peanut fortified with Moringa oleifera leaf powder was carried out. Maize, soybean and peanut were blended in a ratio of 60:30:10 to produce a complementary food, which was then fortified. While the unfortified food product (sample A) served as control, the other three formulations were fortified with 5%, 10% and 15% Moringa leaf powder to give three samples (B, C and D respectively) of fortified food. Nutritional composition determination and feeding trials were then carried out, using two weeks old male albino rats to determine the performance of the food formulations. While the crude protein, crude fibre, and ash contents of the diets increased significantly (p < 0.05) with fortification, with values ranging from 16.04% to 17.59%, 2.25% to 4.42% and 1.40% to 2.50% respectively, crude fat and carbohydrate decreased significantly (p < 0.05), with concomitant decrease in energy, with values ranging from 23.48% to 20.80%, 49.32% to 47.63% and 472.76% to 448.08 kcal/100g respectively in samples A to D. PER values significantly (p < 0.05) improved up to 10% substitution, from 1.77 in unfortified (sample A) to 1.90 in 10% fortified (sample C), but declined at 15% substitution (sample D) to 1.69. Similarly, NPR values increased from 0.71 to 0.76 and 0.68. However, all the PER values including that of Nestle Cerelac (2.04) were lower than, though within the same range, with the value of 2.10 recommended by the Protein Advisory Group (PAG) for complementary foods. Sample C (10% Moringa flour blend) gave the best performance after rat feeding trials.

Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five ... more Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria, between the months of March 2014 to March 2015. Five fungi species: Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifera, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium marnessei and four bacteria species: Serratia marcescens, Erwinia carotovora, Klebsiella oxytoca and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were consistently isolated. Pathogenicity test carried out confirmed these organisms as the pathological agent of the rot. Antimicrobial activity of five plant aqueous extracts: Terminalia catapa (common name fruit), Passiflora edulis (passion fruit), Daniella oliveri (Chiha-Tiv), Ceiba pentandra (Vambe-Tiv), Jatropha tanjorensis (Catholic plant) was carried out on the isolated microorganims and they showed varing degrees of inhibition, the aqueous extract from Passiflora edulis, Ceiba pentandra and Jatropha tanjorensis were able to inhibit all the fungi completely.

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Apr 1, 2024

In this research, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies of unripe coconut fluid (Cocu... more In this research, phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies of unripe coconut fluid (Cocus nucifera L) was carried out. Coconut fruits were collected and the mesocarp was opened to expose the endocarp which harbours the clear fluid. The unripe coconut fluid was used for the preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies. Findings reveals that the fluid contains Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Steroids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Tannins, Anthraquinone and Saponins. The GCMS analysis revealed 16 bioactive components with 5-Eiicosene, an alkene, with highest composition with the percentage area of 31.95 %. FTIR results of the unripe coconut fluids showed absorption bands corresponding to N-H, O-H, C-H and CC double bonds.Antimicrobial studies was carried out on the unripe coconut fluid (UCF) and was screened against Aspergillus fumigatus, Candidas Spp, Staphylococcus Aureus (Gram positive Bacteria) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacteria). The result of the Zone of Inhibition (ZI) adopting agar diffusion method indicates that, Unripe Coconut Fluid (UCF) was effective against both gram positive and negative bacteria and to a small extent on fungi. The research therefore infers that unripe coconut fluid has bioactive compounds that elicited antibacterial and antifungal activities and hence, can be employed in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as well as herbal medication.

Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five ... more Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria, between the months of March 2014 to March 2015.

International Journal of Food Processing Technology, 2014

Malnutrition significantly impacts the survival of a child and is a major public health problem. ... more Malnutrition significantly impacts the survival of a child and is a major public health problem. It adversely effects the cognitive and physical development of children [1]. Although, the under five mortality has shown a significant improvement over the last few decades, but still there are many countries who are facing high burdens of malnutrition [2]. Every year more than three million children die of malnutrition, of which Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) bear the major burden [3]. A recent joint report on childhood malnutrition by the United Nations Children's Fund, WHO, and World bank group suggests that staggering 149 and 45.4 million children under five years of age are stunted and wasted [4]. Further, more than one third and around half of these stunted and wasted children belong to the South Asian region [5]. The magnitude of child under nutrition in India is one of the highest in the world. According to the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-5, less than 5 years of age around 35.5 % are stunted, 32.1 % are underweight, 19.3 % are wasted and 7.7 % of children are severely wasted [6]. So that there is an urgent need to improve childhood nutrition [7]. This would predominantly include improvement of the nutritional quality (energy density, macronutrients, and micronutrients) of complementary and supplementary food. Further, given the budget constraints in the LMIC, there is a need for food based interventions that are less expensive, prepared with locally available ingredients, consistent with local or cultural food habits, and should consider safe handling [7,8]. Moringa oleifera is commonly grown local plant. Nutritional analyses show that its leaves have nutritional and medicinal values; it is rich in protein with high quantities of vitamin A and significant quantities of vitamin C, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, selenium, and zinc. It also contains all the essential amino acids, including two which are arginine and histamine that are especially important for children's health [9,10]. The leaves can be easily dried and ground into powder form for use as a nutritional supplement. Looking at the monetary, availability and nutritional benefit of Moringa oleifera, it can be considered useful in the nutritional rehabilitation of children with severe acute malnutrition [11-14]. However, the clinical trials on usage of moringa oleifera as a nutritional supplement in children with severe acute malnutrition are very limited, with no data from India [11]. Hence, present study was done to assess the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on children with Severe Acute malnutrition (SAM) during facility-based care and home-based care. MAterIAls And MethOds This randomised controlled trial was conducted in Severe Malnutrition Treatment Unit

International journal of innovation and scientific research, Sep 2, 2015

The ligand glycine-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (GNH) was synthesized by stirring at room temperatu... more The ligand glycine-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (GNH) was synthesized by stirring at room temperature and used for the preparation of Mn(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes. These were characterized using infrared, electronic absorption data, molar conductivity melting points and solubility. The melting points of the synthesized compounds were in the range of 235.6-253.7 0 C while the conductivities measured in DMSO were in the range of 2.09-6.65 µs. The infrared spectra data of these ligands and their metal complexes showed that the ligands are neutral bidentate molecules which coordinated to the metal ions through the azomethine nitrogen atom of the Schiff bases and the carboxylate oxygen atom of the schiff bases. From the UV visible data available, tetrahedral geometry have been assigned to the prepared complexes. The antimicrobial studies of the synthesized compounds on microorganisms such as: Escherichia coli, Staphylococus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans at different concentrations revealed that all the ligands and complexes have good antimicrobial activities. The complexes showed enhanced activities and their activities against the micro organisms increased with increasing concentrations.

Effects of Farmers’ Practices on Maize (Zea mays) Contamination by Potential Aflatoxigenic Fungi and Aflatoxin in Benue State, Nigeria

Agricultural Sciences

Food and Nutrition Sciences

Nine microorganisms, comprising of four bacteria, Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ser... more Nine microorganisms, comprising of four bacteria, Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and five fungi, Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium marneffei, isolated from rotten yam tubers of 2016 harvest year, were treated with ten plants extracts (Passiflora edulis, Daniella oliveri, Ceiba pentandra, Jatropha tanjorensis, Azadrichta indica, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, Mangifera indica, Terminalia catapa and Senna alata), singly and synergistically by incorporation of extract in media for inhibition test.

Food and Nutrition Sciences

Nine microorganisms were isolated from four varieties of Dioscorea rotundata (gbongu, ogoja, Amul... more Nine microorganisms were isolated from four varieties of Dioscorea rotundata (gbongu, ogoja, Amula, Hembamkwase); four bacteria, Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and five fungi, Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium marneffei, from five local government areas of Benue State (Vandeikya, Ukum, Katsina Ala, Guma and Logo). Pathogenicity test on the isolates confirmed them to be the cause of rot. The nine plants extract (Ceiba pentandra, Jatropha tanjorensis, Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera, Carica papaya, Mangifera indica, Daniella oliveri, Terminalia catapa and Passiflora edulis) synergistically added inhibited all the four bacteria isolates completely. The five fungi were inhibited by 60% (c)-80% (b); Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum; and Aspergillus niger, Penicillium marneffei, respectively.

Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Six microorganisms: four fungi-Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifera, Penic... more Six microorganisms: four fungi-Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifera, Penicillium marneffei, two bacteria-Erwinia carotovora and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated and identified from three rotten Dioscorea alata (water yam) varieties from two sites each in two local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria, in West Africa, between the months of May 2014 and May 2015. Pathogenicity test carried out using the microorganisms confirmed them to be the pathological agents of the rot. Antimicrobial activity test with aqueous extracts of nine plants: Terminalia catapa, Passiflora edulis, Daniella oliveri, Ceiba pentandra, Jatropha tanjorensis, Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, and Mangifera indica of fresh and dry material showed that three pathogens, Rhizopus stolonifera (fungi), Erwinia carotovora and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria) isolated were completely inhibited each by a plant. The result obtained shows that Passiflora edulis had the best antimicrobial activity for both fungi and bacteria; indeed it inhibited completely Rhizopus stolonifera which was stubborn with most of the other plants. Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Moringa oleifera, and Mangifera indica were also able to inhibit most of the fungi but not completely. Terminalia catapa and Jatropha tanjorensis were most effective against the bacteria. Erwinia carotovora was completely inhibited by Terminalia catapa and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was completely inhibited by Jatropha tanjorensis. Daniella oliveri and Ceiba pentandra had the least inhibition against the isolates. Generally, the fresh plant extract shows more activity as compared to the dry plant extract.

Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Nutritional evaluation of complementary food formulations from maize, soybean and peanut fortifie... more Nutritional evaluation of complementary food formulations from maize, soybean and peanut fortified with Moringa oleifera leaf powder was carried out. Maize, soybean and peanut were blended in a ratio of 60:30:10 to produce a complementary food, which was then fortified. While the unfortified food product (sample A) served as control, the other three formulations were fortified with 5%, 10% and 15% Moringa leaf powder to give three samples (B, C and D respectively) of fortified food. Nutritional composition determination and feeding trials were then carried out, using two weeks old male albino rats to determine the performance of the food formulations. While the crude protein, crude fibre, and ash contents of the diets increased significantly (p < 0.05) with fortification, with values ranging from 16.04% to 17.59%, 2.25% to 4.42% and 1.40% to 2.50% respectively, crude fat and carbohydrate decreased significantly (p < 0.05), with concomitant decrease in energy, with values ranging from 23.48% to 20.80%, 49.32% to 47.63% and 472.76% to 448.08 kcal/100g respectively in samples A to D. PER values significantly (p < 0.05) improved up to 10% substitution, from 1.77 in unfortified (sample A) to 1.90 in 10% fortified (sample C), but declined at 15% substitution (sample D) to 1.69. Similarly, NPR values increased from 0.71 to 0.76 and 0.68. However, all the PER values including that of Nestle Cerelac (2.04) were lower than, though within the same range, with the value of 2.10 recommended by the Protein Advisory Group (PAG) for complementary foods. Sample C (10% Moringa flour blend) gave the best performance after rat feeding trials.

Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015

Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five ... more Five yam tuber varieties were investigated for microorganisms that cause yam tuber rot from five local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria, between the months of March 2014 to March 2015. Five fungi species: Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifera, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium marnessei and four bacteria species: Serratia marcescens, Erwinia carotovora, Klebsiella oxytoca and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were consistently isolated. Pathogenicity test carried out confirmed these organisms as the pathological agent of the rot. Antimicrobial activity of five plant aqueous extracts: Terminalia catapa (common name fruit), Passiflora edulis (passion fruit), Daniella oliveri (Chiha-Tiv), Ceiba pentandra (Vambe-Tiv), Jatropha tanjorensis (Catholic plant) was carried out on the isolated microorganims and they showed varing degrees of inhibition, the aqueous extract from Passiflora edulis, Ceiba pentandra and Jatropha tanjorensis were able to inhibit all the fungi completely.