enzo berardesca - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by enzo berardesca

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2019

The special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch pre... more The special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch previously defined sensitive skin as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, burning, pain, pruritus and tingling sensations) in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. This additional paper focuses on the pathophysiology and the management of sensitive skin. Sensitive skin is not an immunological disorder but is related to alterations of the skin nervous system. Skin barrier abnormalities are frequently associated, but there is no cause and direct relationship. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of sensitive skin – as well as the inducing factors. Avoidance of possible triggering factors and the use of well‐tolerated cosmetics, especially those containing inhibitors of unpleasant sensations, might be suggested for patients with sensitive skin. The role of psychosocial factors, such as stress or ...

Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 1999

Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology

Noninvasive techniques provide useful and objective information on skin barrier efficiency, skin ... more Noninvasive techniques provide useful and objective information on skin barrier efficiency, skin color, and skin structure in general; therefore, these techniques can be of support in investigating contact dermatitis and irritation in particular. However, their use can be sometimes cumbersome and complex especially in terms of standardization of measures and interpretation of results.

Ethnic Skin and Hair and Other Cultural Considerations

Journal of applied cosmetology, 2001

Summary Topicall y appli ed cosmetic products can be helpful in improving aged skin condition. Th... more Summary Topicall y appli ed cosmetic products can be helpful in improving aged skin condition. The study shows how oral fi sh cartilage food supple me ntation can be help ful in improving the treatment of aging skin. 30 healthy women with signs of skin agein g entered the study. 15 were treated with a food supplement based on polysaccharides derived from fi sh cartilage and a natural mix of antioxi dants for 2 months a nd 15 with a placebo. Clini ca! evalu ati on as wel l as macrophotographic docu me ntation was taken in order to moni tor product effects. Parameters considered were: dryness, skin tone, age spots, fin e lines. The results showed stati sticall y significant improvement in the acti ve treated group as compared to th e pl acebo. In parti cul ar, fin e lines (p<0.002), skin dry ness (p<0.003), skin tone (p<0.02), showed considerabl e improvement. No significant changes were detected fo r age s pots. Most of these parameters are related to changes occurring wit...

Dermatologic Therapy

Vitamin E is a powerful lipophilic antioxidant that protects membranes from lipid peroxidation, a... more Vitamin E is a powerful lipophilic antioxidant that protects membranes from lipid peroxidation, and consequently, oxidative damage. Oxidative stress plays a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Vitamin E supplementation is recommended in patients with vitamin E deficiency due to fat malabsorption. The addition of vitamin E to the diet slows Alzheimer's disease progression and protects older patients against respiratory infections. Recent studies also point to the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathology of immune-mediated skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. We reviewed the available clinical trials that investigated the role of vitamin E supplementation in preventing and treating atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Data from these studies point to a positive role of vitamin E supplementation in these diseases. Still, due to limitations in study design, further evidence is needed to reach a definite conclusion. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology

To instrumentally evaluate the efficacy and the safety of a new ternary system chemo exfoliating ... more To instrumentally evaluate the efficacy and the safety of a new ternary system chemo exfoliating formulation (water-dimethyl isosorbide-acid) vs traditional binary systems (water and acid) where the acid is maintained in both the systems at the same concentration. Different peelings (binary system pyruvic acid and trichloroacetic acid-TCA, and ternary system pyruvic acid and TCA) were tested on the volar forearm of 20 volunteers of both sexes between 28 and 50 years old. The outcomes were evaluated at the baseline, 10 minutes, 24 hours, and 1 week after the peeling by means of noninvasive skin diagnosis techniques. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy was used for stratum corneum evaluation, transepidermal waterloss, and Corneometry for skin barrier and hydration, Laser Doppler velocimetry in association with colorimetry for irritation and erythema analysis. The instrumental data obtained showed that the efficacy and safety of the new ternary system peel compounds were significantly higher compared with the binary system formulations tested. The new formulation peels improved chemexfoliation and reduced complications such as irritation, redness, and postinflammatory pigmentation compared to the traditional aqueous solutions. The study showed that ternary system chemexfoliation, using a controlled delivery technology, was able to provide the same clinical effects in term of stratum corneum reduction with a significantly reduced barrier alteration, water loss, and irritation/erythema compared to traditional binary system peels.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia, 2016

When a hyaluronic acid dermal device to fill soft tissues is chosen, efficacy, safety and durabil... more When a hyaluronic acid dermal device to fill soft tissues is chosen, efficacy, safety and durability are key concerns. This is an open-label prospective study to instrumentally evaluate the effects of HA filler dermal injection on nasolabial folds skin biophysical parameters and augmentation. A single Italian site treated female subjects aged 40-55, for nasolabial folds, with a single standardized injection. The outcome was evaluated with objective quantitative measurements after 90 (T1) and 180 days (T2) from the injection comparing to baseline (T0) by means of Corneometer (skin hydration measurement), Cutometer (skin elasticity measurement), and Visioface devices for digital and UV computerized image analysis. Secondary endpoints were safety assessment, subject investigator satisfaction with the intervention. Assessment of aesthetic results included photographic documentation. The computerized image analysis confirmed the clinical assessment showing statistically significant reduc...

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2015

Objective Psoriasis is one of the most common forms of chronic dermatitis, affecting 2-3% of the ... more Objective Psoriasis is one of the most common forms of chronic dermatitis, affecting 2-3% of the worldwide population. It has a serious effect on the way patients perceive themselves and others, thereby prejudicing their quality of life and giving rise to a significant deterioration in their psycho-physical well-being; it also poses greater difficulties for them in leading a normal social life, including their ability to conduct a normal working life. All the above-mentioned issues imply a cost for the society. This study proposes to evaluate the impact on societal costs for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis with biologics (etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab) in the Italian clinical practice. Method A prospective observational study has been conducted in 12 specialized centres of the Psocare network, located throughout Italy. Direct and indirect costs (as well as the health-related quality of life of patients with plaque psoriasis undergoing biologic treatments) have been estimated, while the societal impact has been determined using a cost-utility approach. Results Non-medical and indirect costs account for as much as 44.97% of the total cost prior to treatment and to 6.59% after treatment, with an overall 71.38% decrease. Adopting a societal perspective in the actual clinical practice of the Italian participating centres, the ICER of biologic therapies for treating plaque psoriasis amounted to €18634.40 per QALY gaineda value far from the €28656.30 obtained by adopting a third-party payer perspective. Conclusion Our study confirms that chronic psoriasis subjects patients to a considerable burden, together with their families and caregivers, stressing how important it is to take the societal perspective into consideration during the appraisal process. Besides, using data derived from Italian actual practice, treatment with biologics shows a noteworthy benefit in social terms.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology

International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology

The purpose of this study is to evaluate blood cytokines and immunological parameters in psoriati... more The purpose of this study is to evaluate blood cytokines and immunological parameters in psoriatic patients during long-term treatment with Etanercept. Forty-five subjects of both sexes affected by psoriasis with or without arthritis entered the study and were treated with Etanercept according to international standard protocols. Biochemical blood analysis was carried out at baseline and during follow-up every second month. In particular, the following parameters were kept under control: antinuclear antibodies, anti-nDNA antibodies, anti-histone antibodies, blood cell count, circulating lymphocyte subtypes (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19) and IgE. Cytokine profiles (IL-1-alpha, IL-1-beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, INF, TNF-alpha) were also evaluated in blood samples during the treatment up to 1 year of follow-up. A significant decrease in PASI score (p < 0.01) and in several cytokine levels was observed, particularly in IL-1, IL-6, IFN-gamma (p < 0.01) and to a lesser extent in TNF...

We tested an OTC formulation versus placebo in a double-blind trial to evaluate its ability to im... more We tested an OTC formulation versus placebo in a double-blind trial to evaluate its ability to improve elasticity and firmness of the skin. The clinical non-invasive evaluation in 20 volunteers shows: 1. No adverse reactions such as itching or irritation 2. Efficacy and cosmetic acceptibility of the test cream 3. An increase in electrical capacitance (moisture content) even though without statistical significance. This result is not surprising because the patients had healthy skin and were relatively young (aged 20-25) 4. A very significant improvement in the biomechanical properties (extensibility and firmness) of the skin. This increase was statistically significant (P &amp;lt; 0.02) The main components of the cream (boswellic acids, Sylibin and Centella asiatica extracts) were formulated as complexes with lyso-phospholipids and soya bean non-saponifiable lipids.

International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2012

So-called &amp;#39;sex-specific fat&amp;#39; appears to be physiologically advant... more So-called &amp;#39;sex-specific fat&amp;#39; appears to be physiologically advantageous, but it has a cosmetic downside as well. A pool of functional ingredients, principally represented by botanical extracts, was selected to treat this condition, specifically for people intimidated by other more invasive approaches. The topical product was formulated using ingredients aimed at two specific actions; adipolysis and microcirculation stimulation [1-4]. The product was conceived for night-time application because during the night the body releases Growth Hormone, which activates adipolysis and blood flow, and the skin barrier function and metabolic rate are also more active. We aimed at assessing the effect of the topical product vs. placebo through an in vivo evaluation protocol, performed using a skin bioengineering method, namely ultrasonography, and clinical evaluation. The protocol was conducted as a double-blind, active vs. placebo trial (form. N°690 vs. form. N°1362), on 100 subjects enrolled by two research centres (Pavia and Rome, Italy), over a 4 week period, during which volunteers were checked four times, both clinically and instrumentally. At the end of the trial, both centres agreed on the slimming effects of the topical product. Tolerability was good. The enrolled volunteers expressed their full satisfaction regarding the product under study.

… journal of cosmetic …, 2002

The topically applied cosmetic products can be helpful in improving the aged skin condition. The ... more The topically applied cosmetic products can be helpful in improving the aged skin condition. The present study shows how oral fish-cartilage food supplementation can be helpful in improving the treatment of ageing skin. A total of 30 healthy women with signs of skin ageing were studied. Fifteen of the women were treated with a food supplement based on polysaccharides derived from the fish cartilage and a natural mix of antioxidants for 2 months and the other 15 with a placebo. Clinical evaluation and biophysical parameters related to skin function and wrinkle severity, such as silicone replica, skin thickness, mechanical properties, skin colour and capacitance, were measured. The results showed statistically significant changes in the active-treated group in comparison to the placebo. In particular, dermal thickness (treatment: from 1.13 to 1.23 mm; P < 0.001), skin wrinkling (treatment: from 9.5 to 3.5 R(a); P< 0.002), skin colour (treatment: brighter and less pigmented; P < 0.02) and viscoelasticity (treatment: from 0.70 to 0.97%; P < 0.02) showed considerable improvement. Most of these parameters are related to changes occurring within the dermal matrix, which is improved after the treatment, whereas most of the topically applied cosmetic products have a short-term effect on superficial structures. A combination treatment (oral and topical) can be more effective in reducing the signs of skin-ageing.

Skin Research and Technology, 2014

Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune disease affecting prevalently the elder. In vivo reflectance ... more Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune disease affecting prevalently the elder. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy is a non-invasive technique for real-time imaging of the skin with cellular-level resolution. No previous data has been reported about confocal microscopy of bullous pemphigoid. Aim of this preliminary study is the evaluation of the potential of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for real-time, microscopical confirmation of clinical bullous pemphigoid diagnosis. A total of nine lesions from patients affected by pemphigoid underwent in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy before histological examination. In our preliminary study, confocal microscopy showed high grade of correspondence to histopathology. In particular, presence of sub-epidermal cleft and variable amount of oedema of the upper dermis associated with inflammatory cells infiltration were seen as prevalent confocal features in the bullous lesions considered. Differently, in urticarial lesions, no specific features could be appreciated at confocal analysis beside the presence of signs of spongiosis and perivascular inflammation. Confocal microscopy seems to be useful for in vivo, microscopical confirmation of the clinical suspect of bullous pemphigoid and for biopsy site selection in urticarial lesions to obtain a more significant specimen for histopathological examination.

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2000

The quantification of allergic patch test reactions to several compounds was evaluated on patient... more The quantification of allergic patch test reactions to several compounds was evaluated on patients using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV), transepidermal water loss and colorimetry. The correlation between visual scores and instrumental measurements was investigated by the implementation of a modern statistical method: a classification tree. The LDV showed the highest correlation with the severity of the reaction. The best prediction

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2003

Overproduction of sweat, sweaty skin and body odours are unpleasant for many social groups. Body ... more Overproduction of sweat, sweaty skin and body odours are unpleasant for many social groups. Body cleansing products are designed to combat these undesirable features of skin. In addition, antiperspirant and deodorant products are more specifically used in the underarm site by a large part of the adult population. Antiperspirants are offered to control emotionally triggered sweating in the armpit. Deodorants are designed to combat malodour generated from bacteria-modified sweat. This review summarizes the physiology of eccrine, apocrine and apoeccrine sweat glands. The mechanisms of action of antiperspirants and deodorants are described as well as the factors influencing their efficacies. A series of tests using various measurement methods can be used to demonstrate the efficacy of antiperspirants. These include the gravimetric method, water evaporation quantification, electrodermal measurements, staining procedures, dye injections and cyanoacrylate skin surface strippings and casting replicas. Deodorant efficacy can be evaluated by sensory assessments performed by an expert panel. Indirect support is provided by visualization of apocrine gland excretion and collection of sweat and volatile compounds. Microbiological assessments and chromatographic analysis also provide indirect information.

… threat to the skin, 1991

Materials and methods Ten healthy subjects of both sexes (age 26±6 years) entered the study. Thre... more Materials and methods Ten healthy subjects of both sexes (age 26±6 years) entered the study. Three different sites on the volar forearm were irritated by applying 1% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) in aqueous solution (Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis, USA) under 18 mm ...