ejaz hussain - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by ejaz hussain

Clinical Diabetology, Aug 26, 2020

Sleep Science, 2022

Objective: Sleep disturbance is quite prevalent among students, which leads to deleterious conseq... more Objective: Sleep disturbance is quite prevalent among students, which leads to deleterious consequences on health. Cranial electrostimulation (CES) has been speculated to entrain cortical slow waves; therefore, we investigated the efficacy of cranial electrostimulation to improve slow wave sleep in collegiates. Methods: Twenty-eight students with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score >5 were randomly assigned into two groups: CES and control. Participants in CES group completed 60 minutes of CES intervention for 12 weeks with 100 µA microcurrent and 0.5 Hz frequency parameters during night. Pre-and post-intervention measures were taken for sleep architecture using over-night polysomnography (PSG) and sleep quality using PSQI. Participants were instructed to report to the laboratory at 10:00 p.m. and PSG was performed with electroencephalograms (EEG), chin electromyography (EMG) and bilateral electrooculogram (EOG) in place. Sleep stages were scored manually in accordance with the new AASM guidelines. PSG variables reported in the present study are sleep latency (SL), total sleep time (TST), percentage of N1, N2, N3, NREM (non-rapid eye movement), REM (rapid eye movement) and sleep efficiency (SE%). Results: After ascertaining the comparability of demographic and sleep variables at baseline for both the groups, a 2X2 mixed model ANOVA was employed. Significant between-group differences were obtained for N1% and N3% such that N1% decreased and N3% increased post CES. However, other PSG variables, along with PSQI score did not demonstrate statistically significant between-group difference. Discussion: The present study demonstrated that 12-weeks of CES improved N3% and reduced N1%. Future researches should be undertaken to build upon the findings of present study.

Background and purposeMechanical neck pain is a common problem affecting people worldwide. Accord... more Background and purposeMechanical neck pain is a common problem affecting people worldwide. According to current evidence, 30% to 50% of general population suffers from MNP and experience chronic pain yearly. The use of objective measures such as cervical range of motion; cervical muscles strength, endurance and electromyography have been widely used in mechanical neck pain interventional studies. However sleep quality and health related quality of life, which are important subjective measures reflecting well-being of an individual has been neglected in the past. Therefore, there is a need to investigate these variables in these patients. MethodsIt was a randomized control study. Thirty patients were randomly assigned to Group Aexperimental group and Group B-control group with 15 patients in each group. Group-A received supervised physiotherapy while Group-B received minimal intervention as home program. All the outcome measures were collected at baseline and post intervention. Resul...

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 2019

Purpose The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of whole body vibration (WBV) therapy ... more Purpose The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of whole body vibration (WBV) therapy on pain, neuropathy disability score, balance, proprioception and quality of life (QOL) in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN). Methods Twenty-six (16 males and 10 females) patients with PDPN were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were randomly allocated to an experimental group (n = 13, age = 60.69 ± 5.08) and a control group (n = 13, age = 59.54 ± 4.25). The experimental group was given WBV therapy for six weeks (3 days/week) in addition to standard medical care, dietary advice and lifestyle modifications. Control group was provided only standard medical care, dietary advice and lifestyle modifications. Outcome measures included numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs (LANSS), vibration perception threshold (VPT), neuropathy disability score (NDS), proprioception, singleleg stance test (SLST), timed up and go test (TUGT) and short form 36 questionnaire (SF-36). Results NPRS, LANSS, NDS, SLST and TUGT showed significant time effect (p ≤ 0.022) and time×group interaction (p ≤ 0.007), whereas group effect was found to be significant only in LANSS (p = 0.001). VPT showed significant group effect (p ≤ 0.045) and time×group interaction (p ≤ 0.007) at great toe, metatarsal head and total average score. SF-36 was found to be significant time effect (p ≤ 0.024) in all domains except limitations due to physical health (p = 0.461). SF-36 average score was found be significant for group effect (p = 0.002) and time×group interaction (p < 0.001). Conclusion WBV improves sensory sensations like pain and vibration perception, neuropathy disability score, balance measures and health-related QOL in PDPN.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2019

Balance has been defined as the ability to control body's Centre Of Gravity (COG) within given ba... more Balance has been defined as the ability to control body's Centre Of Gravity (COG) within given base of support [1,, and has a continuum of postural stability from static to dynamic. It is primarily concerned with preserving, attaining, or restoring the centre of mass in relation to the limits of stability within a given base of support [3,4], and plays an important role in mobility, stability and the performance of many activities of daily living. The populations which are mostly affected are older people, post-injury or post-surgical, and those with neuromuscular dysfunction or pathology including . DPN comprises of sensory loss such as vibration perception, pressure and proprioception, affecting balance control, and as many as 30% of people with DPN experience muscle weakness, loss of ankle reflexes leading to decreased balance and coordination [8,. It is important to assess the integrity of the balance system to evaluate individual balance capabilities. Static, dynamic and functional balance tests have been developed to more adequately evaluate performance on the type of task. OLS, FRT and TUG are the clinical tests for static and dynamic balance. These clinical tests have demonstrated good reliability, validity and responsiveness in older population and people with balance impairment [10][12][13]. Recently, computerised measurements and feedback systems that assess static and dynamic balance performance, provide quantitative information and feedback pertaining to stability and weight transferred, have become more readily available. Various computerised devices like Biodex balance system, Wii balance board and force platform used to assess balance measures have been found to be reliable and valid [14][16][17]. However, these assessment systems are expensive compared to Pedalo ® -Sensomove balance system (SensbalanceMiniBoard, Utrecht, the Netherlands), which is a portable device that allows for assessment of outcome measures using conventional wobble board along with visual feedback, both in a movement-measuring and an entertaining exercise/ game environment [18][19][20]. Pedalo ® -Sensomove balance device is reported to be reliable for the measurement of proprioception and reaction time with excellent test-retest reliabilty in community dwelling older adults [21]. There is, however, paucity of information related to the validity and responsiveness of the data generated from balance measures assessment using Pedalo ® -Sensomove balance device. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the validity and responsiveness of COP range and COP sway taken from Pedalo ® -Sensomove balance device with clinical balance tests in DPN patients. Twenty patients (males and females) with DPN were recruited through referrals from the university health center and nearby hospitals. Recruitment of subjects were done during the period from March 2016 to December 2016. They were assessed in the IrShad ahmad 1 , majumI m Noohu 2 , ShalINI Verma 3 , muhammad azharuddIN 4 , m ejaz huSSaIN 5

Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, Jan 6, 2017

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). I... more Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been found to independently predict all cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. It remains unclear whether exercise training could improve autonomic control in T2DM patients. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effects of exercise training on cardiac autonomic function in T2DM patients. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PEDro, Scopus and Web of science) were systematically searched to retrieve relevant evidence. Clinical trials administering exercise training for at least 4 weeks and examining either heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), heart rate recovery (HRR) as outcome measures were eligible. Eighteen articles were found to be relevant and were then assessed for characteristics and quality. Fifteen studies out of 18 found that exercise training leads to positive improvements in autonomic function of T2DM patients. Ex...

SpringerPlus, 2016

Purpose: To explore and validate the factor structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI... more Purpose: To explore and validate the factor structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in young collegiate adults. Methods: Six hundred university students were initially contacted and invited to participate in a survey of their sleep experience and history. Of this preliminary sample 418 of the students (age = 20.92 ± 1.81 years, BMI = 23.30 ± 2.57 kg/m 2 ) fulfilled the screening criteria and ultimately completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a self-report survey of respondents' sleep habits and sleep quality. The students were enrolled in various undergraduate and postgraduate programs at Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) investigated the latent factor structure of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis evaluated both of the models found by EFA. Results: The Kaiser's criteria, the Scree test, and the cumulative variance rule revealed that a 2-factor model accounted for most of the variability in the data. However, a follow up Parallel Analysis found a 1-factor model. The high correlation coefficient (r = 0.91) between the two factors of the 2-factor model and almost similar values of the fit indices supports the inference that the PSQI is a unidimensional scale. The findings validate the 1-factor model of the PSQI in young collegiate adults.

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 2007

The effect of glucose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose on pre-steady state kinetics of ATP hydrolysis by Na,... more The effect of glucose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose on pre-steady state kinetics of ATP hydrolysis by Na,K-ATPase has been investigated by following pH transients in a stopped-flow spectrophotometer. A typical pre-steady state signal showed an initial decrease then subsequent increase in acidity. Under optimal Na + (120 mM) and K + (30 mM) concentrations, magnitudes of both H + release and H + absorption were found to be approximately 1.0/ATPase molecule. The presence of 1 mM glucose significantly decreased H + absorption at high Na + concentrations, whereas it was ineffective at low Na + . H + release was decreased significantly in the presence of 1 mM glucose at Na + concentrations ranging from 30 mM to 120 mM. Similar to the control, K + did not show any effect on either H + release or H + absorption at all tested combinations of Na + and K + concentrations. Pre-steady state H + signal obtained in the presence of 2-deoxy-D-glucose did not vary significantly as compared with glucose. Delayed addition of K + (by 30 ms) to the mixture (enzyme+120 mM Na + +ATP+glucose) showed that only small fractions of population absorb H + in the absence of K + . No H + absorption was observed in the absence of Na + . Delayed mixing of Na + or K + did not have any effect on H + release. Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on H + absorption and release was almost the same as that of glucose at all combinations of Na + and K + concentrations. Results obtained have been discussed in terms of an extended kinetic scheme which shows that, in the presence of either glucose or 2-deoxy-D-glucose, significantly fewer enzyme molecules reache the E~P(3Na + ) stage and that K + plays an important role in the conversion of E1.ADP.P(3Na + ) to H + .E1~(3Na + ) complex.

Trials, Jan 24, 2018

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is a commonly overlooked complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T... more Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is a commonly overlooked complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) characterized by an imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic supply to the heart, which contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. T2DM has also been shown to negatively influence oxygen kinetics and increase oxidative stress, which may be linked to the development of various chronic complications. Aerobic training has been reported to improve oxygen uptake, antioxidant defense, and cardiac autonomic function in T2DM; however, the effects of varying doses of exercise on these variables are not known. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to explore the effects of manipulating training variables (volume and intensity) on the regulation of oxygen uptake response, oxidative stress, and cardiac autonomic function in patients with T2DM. We will recruit 60 patients with T2DM, who will be randomly allocated into one of the three aerobic training groups: low-intens...

Betalains: Biomolecular Aspects, 2018

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2021

This study focusses on the synthesis of a series of semisynthetic polymeric blended membranes bas... more This study focusses on the synthesis of a series of semisynthetic polymeric blended membranes based on chitosan, guar gum and polyvinyl alcohol for the sustained delivery of antibacterial drugs" with "A series of semisynthetic polymeric blended membranes based on GG (guar gum), CS (chitosan) and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) was fabricated for the sustained delivery of antibacterial drugs. The drug employed in this study includes amoxicillin and doxycycline hyclate. Different ratios of chitosan CS and GG were blended with constant ratio of PVA to synthesize membranes using solution casting method. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) study showed the blend formation, surface morphology and crystalline nature of polymeric membranes respectively. Successful bonding among the ingredients was confirmed by crystalline peak of CS cellulose at 22.6. Swelling test was used to analyze the water absorbing capacity of the membranes, indicating the hydrophilic nature, making these membranes more liable for drug release application. Results revealed that 25 mg was the ideal amount of drug loaded on blended membrane. Antimicrobial activity was promising against selected bacterial

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 2018

Heart failure is a syndrome, caused due to structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, chara... more Heart failure is a syndrome, caused due to structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, characterized by changes in the hemodynamic and neurohumoral mechanisms. It is becoming a major health burden worldwide. More effective therapies are desperately needed. Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum), a traditional spice crop has been known to possess many biological and medicinal properties. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective efficacy of C. sativum in rat model of isoproterenol induced heart failure. Heart failure was produced by injecting isoproterenol subcutaneously (85 mg/kg twice at an interval of 24 h). Oral efficacy of seed extract was assessed on hemodynamic profile, antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile, atherogenic indices, mRNA and protein expression of endothelin receptors (ETA and ETB) and histopathology. Treatment of heart failure rats with C. sativum orally (1g/kg b.wt) improved the altered hemodynamics, restored the ...

Scientia Iranica, 2018

Several methods have been developed for the modi cation of natural polymers. Most of the reported... more Several methods have been developed for the modi cation of natural polymers. Most of the reported methods are expensive, since the chemical reactions are carried out using chemical additives along with stabilizers. Microwave-assisted synthetic strategies have gained signi cant importance in the synthesis of materials due to their eco-friendly nature. Guar gum is one of the important naturally occurring non-ionic polysaccharides, which has incredible industrial and commercial applications. A rapid method for protecting the hydroxyl group in sterically hindered gum was developed by Microwave-Assisted Synthesis (MAS). An e cient synthesis of di erent novel guar gum derivatives such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate (GG1-GG3) was performed. Signi cantly higher yield of ester was achieved after 15 min at 600 W using iodine as a reaction promoter. Gum ester formation was carried out at various concentrations for di erent reaction intervals. The synthesized products were characterized using FTIR, NMR, and SEM techniques. The e ciency of the adopted synthesis method was evaluated based on swelling ratio, gelation ability, and solubility. The study indicated that the guar gum could be modi ed using acid anhydride under microwave irradiation with enhanced physic-chemical properties. Moreover, microwave modi cation is an eco-friendly approach.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1999

Background: Although people from the Indian subcontinent have high rates of cardiovascular diseas... more Background: Although people from the Indian subcontinent have high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD), studies of such in Indian and Pakistani women living in the United States are lacking. Objective: This study accounted for variability in serum lipid (total cholesterol and triacylglycerol) and lipoprotein [LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and HDL cholesterol] concentrations in Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal women in the United States. Body composition, regional fat distribution, dietary intake, and energy expenditure were compared between groups. Design: The 2 groups were 47 Indian and Pakistani and 47 American women. Health was assessed via medical history, physical activity, body composition (via anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), dietary intake (via 7-d food records), and serum lipids. Results: Serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol, and the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol were greater (P < 0.03), whereas HDL-cholesterol values were lower (P = 0.011) in Indians and Pakistanis than in Americans. Multiple regression analysis indicated that Ϸ18% of the variance in total cholesterol (P = 0.0010) and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.0009) was accounted for by ethnicity, energy expenditure, and the ratio of the sum of central to the sum of peripheral skinfold thicknesses. Ethnicity, sum of central skinfold thicknesses, ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat, and monounsaturated fat intake accounted for Ϸ43% of the variance in triacylglycerol concentration (P ≤ 0.0001). Monounsaturated fat, percentage body fat, and alcohol intake accounted for Ϸ26% of variance in HDL cholesterol. Ethnicity contributed Ϸ22% of the 25% overall variance in lipoprotein(a). Conclusions: Results suggest that these Indian and Pakistani women are at higher CVD risk than their American counterparts, but that increasing their physical activity is likely to decrease overall and regional adiposity, thereby improving their serum lipid profiles.

Drug design, development and therapy, 2016

Nitric oxide (NO) is a widespread biological mediator involved in many physiological and patholog... more Nitric oxide (NO) is a widespread biological mediator involved in many physiological and pathological processes, eg, in the regulation of vascular tone and hypertension. Chronic inhibition of NO synthase by N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) hydrochloride results in the development of hypertension accompanied by an increase in vascular responsiveness to adrenergic stimuli. Recently, we developed a novel sulfur-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor: 3-(3-thienyl)-l-alanyl-ornithyl-proline (TOP). Our previous studies indicated a superior nature of the molecule as an antihypertensive agent in spontaneously hypertensive rats (showing the involvement of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) in comparison to captopril. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of TOP on NO pathway in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats, and captopril was included as the standard treatment group. Treatment with both TOP (20 mg/kg) and captopril (40 mg/kg) prevented the d...

Indian journal of experimental biology, 2007

The mechanisms underlying the impairment of endothelium-mediated vasorelaxation induced by dietar... more The mechanisms underlying the impairment of endothelium-mediated vasorelaxation induced by dietary hypercholesterolemia and the mechanisms of restoration of endothelial function following reintroduction of low cholesterol diet were evaluated. Feeding rats with high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolemia and high blood pressure. This was associated with reduced vasorelaxation in response to acetylcholine, isoproterenol, and adenosine. At the same time, exaggerated contractile responses to serotonin and phenylephrine were observed. Reintroduction of a normal diet to cholesterol fed rats resulted in significant normalization of blood pressure, serum lipid profile, relaxation and contractile responses. The contributions of endothelial derived relaxing factors (EDRF), endothelial derived contractile factors (EDCFs)/prostanoids, and endothelial derived hyperpoalrising factor (EDHF) to the vasorelaxation in each group of animals were assessed. EDCFs constricting activity was increas...

Cleome brachycarpa acknowledged as Ponwar and found very effective against soreness, irritation, ... more Cleome brachycarpa acknowledged as Ponwar and found very effective against soreness, irritation, burning, contagious diseases, white patches of the skin, joint pain, ligaments disorder, bones diseases (arthritis, rheumatism), muscles swelling, skin rash and as an antioxidant. It has unpleasant taste and found chiefly in India, Iran and Pakistan. Its leaves, roots, and flowers were assessed for their medicinal uses and the outcomes were very startling regarding their medicinal compositions. According to the various survey reports Cleome species have admirable medicinal values and the compounds isolated from them would be the great source of new therapeutic goods. Many great pharmacological effects of the plant have been reported. The current assessment is a plentiful interpretation of the traditional, ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological uses of the plant.

During hemostasis, after vascular injury and wound healing process, platelets play a very signifi... more During hemostasis, after vascular injury and wound healing process, platelets play a very significant role, where the platelets hypersensitivity is also related to the progression or development of various cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, there is a need to find such compounds, which provide more potent and safer activity against platelets with minimum side effects. This review article provided an overview of various medicinal plants having antiplatelet properties or pointed out the constituents associated with the activity, the part used for the isolation of plant constituents, and different pathways which mediate the antiplatelet activity. In this review different classes such as Liliaceae, Zingiberaceae, Rutaceae, Arecaceae and Asteraceae were suggested for their antiplatelet properties to which various medicinal plants belong possessing such properties. Specific bioactive components in different medicinal plants which relate to the antiplatelet properties are flavonoids,...

Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions, 2020

Objectives: To examine the effect of sensorimotor and gait training on proprioception, nerve func... more Objectives: To examine the effect of sensorimotor and gait training on proprioception, nerve function, and muscle activation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) patients. Methods: Thirty-eight (25 male and 13 female) participants with DPN were selected and randomly allocated to intervention and control group. Participants in the intervention group were provided sensorimotor and gait training for eight weeks (3 days/week) along with diabetes and foot care education; participants in the control group received diabetes and foot care education only. Outcome measures involved proprioception, nerve conduction studies of peroneal and tibial nerve, and activation of lower limb muscles and multifidus while standing with eyes open and eyes closed, and treadmill walking. Results: Mixed ANOVA revealed significant time effect and time×group interaction of proprioception in all four directions (p<0.05). The conduction velocity of peroneal nerve revealed significant time effect (p=0.007) an...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021

Diabetes mellitus has high global prevalence and occurrence and is considered to bean endocrinolo... more Diabetes mellitus has high global prevalence and occurrence and is considered to bean endocrinological and/or metabolic disorder. Conventional drug treatment is costly and has toxic side effects, although it is successful in treating diabetes mellitus. If effective and less toxic, herbal medicine will thus include alternative therapy. This research has been designed to investigate the role of Grewia asiatica extract in the control of diabetes in male albino rats with Streptozotocin mediated type 2 diabetes. Grewia asiatica fruit extract at a dose of 200mg/kg was given to Streptozotocin mediated type II DM Rats. A known anti-diabetic drug, Glibenclamide has been used as a standard drug. The method of the research was to monitor the effect of Grewia asiatica on the blood glucose level of Rats. In this study, Rats were split into four categories i.e. Control, Streptozotocin treated, Streptozotocin + Glibenclamide treated and Streptozotocin +Grewia asiatica extract-treated group. Grewi...