fekadu deressa - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by fekadu deressa

Advances in Pulsed and Continuous Detonation, 2019

This paper takes in the view points of the Swedish Organic Certification Agency 'KRAV' in light o... more This paper takes in the view points of the Swedish Organic Certification Agency 'KRAV' in light of their poor performance in the 2010 World Wildlife Foundation's (WWF) report on global organic certification agencies. Despite having a superior set of certification policies KRAV received unfavorable reviews due to the lack of standard documentations in English. The article finds that KRAV does have strict and defined certifications standards some of which are unique in the industry. The lessons from this incident may be thought provoking for similar and other firms that wish to expand beyond their comfort zone and gain global recognition.

Analytical Chemistry Letters, 2020

Infectious diseases remain a major threat to public health. Despite tremendous progress in human ... more Infectious diseases remain a major threat to public health. Despite tremendous progress in human medicine, their impact is particularly great in developing countries because of the relative unavailability of medicines and the emergence of widespread drug resistance. Traditional medicinal plants are an important component in the provision of primary health care due to their worldwide availability and fewer side effects. They serve as an alternative to conventional medicines. Thus, the present study was focused on isolation and characterization of compounds from two plants namely; Melia azedarach and Albizia schimperiana. Accordingly, the leaves of Melia azedarach and stem bark of Albizia schimperiana were extracted using chloroform/methanol (1:1, v/v) to afford crude extracts. The crude extracts were also subjected to phytochemical analysis for the presence and absence of the common secondary metabolites. In line with, the leaves of Melia azedarach was positive for alkaloids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids and steroid whereas, the stem bark of Albizia schimperiana extract was observed to possess alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroid and terpenoids. The chemical study of the leaves extract of Melia azedarach and stem bark of Albizia schimperiana afforded two pure compounds whose structure were established as β-sitosterol and α-spinasterol respectively, using standard spectroscopic data (1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR) and literature reports. The crude extracts and isolated compounds were subjected to biological evaluation against four bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and two fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp.). The two characterized compounds were showed promising antimicrobial activity than the crude extract of both plant species. The observed activity was carried out at concentration of 50 mg/mL for the crude extracts, 20 mg/mL for the isolated compounds, it would be recommended for determination of MIC values provides a quantitative measure for the level of resistance expressed by the test organism.

Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal, 2014

The study has tried to examine the extent of poverty of female-headed households by the way of ma... more The study has tried to examine the extent of poverty of female-headed households by the way of making comparisons with their male counterparts in rural Ethiopia. It further looks through the determinants of poverty in female headed households. It is based on the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey from 1999-2009. Using the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty indices, the descriptive analysis of poverty indices revealed that female-headed households are poorer than male-headed households. To further investigate the determinants of female headed household's Logit model was estimated. Based on the estimation result variables such as educational attainment of the head, household size, total livestock owned as measured in total livestock unit and land holding are found to be the key determinants of poverty for female headed households. Gendersensitive poverty alleviation policies that enhance endowments such as those that increase livestock ownership, land productivity, education level, and ability to control fertility should be the key ingredients of a poverty reduction strategy in rural Ethiopia. Hence, there is an evidence to suggest that poverty alleviation programs should use female headed households as proxy variables for targeting the poor.

Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013

This study is based on secondary data from HICES and WMS 2004/5 collected by CSA. The study has t... more This study is based on secondary data from HICES and WMS 2004/5 collected by CSA. The study has tried to examine the extent of vulnerability to poverty of households in rural Oromiya. It further looks through the determinants of vulnerability to poverty. An estimate of vulnerability to poverty shows that 17.93 percent of the non poor are highly vulnerable. The mean vulnerability for highly vulnerable households is found to be 0.62. The Logit model is used to investigate the determinants of vulnerability to poverty. From the estimation result of the model larger household sizes and illiterate head of household significantly increase the probability of the household to be vulnerable. Therefore ex ante measures to prevent households from becoming poor as well as ex post measures to alleviate those already in poverty should be combined in designing poverty reduction strategies.

Advances in Pulsed and Continuous Detonation, 2019

This paper takes in the view points of the Swedish Organic Certification Agency 'KRAV' in light o... more This paper takes in the view points of the Swedish Organic Certification Agency 'KRAV' in light of their poor performance in the 2010 World Wildlife Foundation's (WWF) report on global organic certification agencies. Despite having a superior set of certification policies KRAV received unfavorable reviews due to the lack of standard documentations in English. The article finds that KRAV does have strict and defined certifications standards some of which are unique in the industry. The lessons from this incident may be thought provoking for similar and other firms that wish to expand beyond their comfort zone and gain global recognition.

Analytical Chemistry Letters, 2020

Infectious diseases remain a major threat to public health. Despite tremendous progress in human ... more Infectious diseases remain a major threat to public health. Despite tremendous progress in human medicine, their impact is particularly great in developing countries because of the relative unavailability of medicines and the emergence of widespread drug resistance. Traditional medicinal plants are an important component in the provision of primary health care due to their worldwide availability and fewer side effects. They serve as an alternative to conventional medicines. Thus, the present study was focused on isolation and characterization of compounds from two plants namely; Melia azedarach and Albizia schimperiana. Accordingly, the leaves of Melia azedarach and stem bark of Albizia schimperiana were extracted using chloroform/methanol (1:1, v/v) to afford crude extracts. The crude extracts were also subjected to phytochemical analysis for the presence and absence of the common secondary metabolites. In line with, the leaves of Melia azedarach was positive for alkaloids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids and steroid whereas, the stem bark of Albizia schimperiana extract was observed to possess alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroid and terpenoids. The chemical study of the leaves extract of Melia azedarach and stem bark of Albizia schimperiana afforded two pure compounds whose structure were established as β-sitosterol and α-spinasterol respectively, using standard spectroscopic data (1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR) and literature reports. The crude extracts and isolated compounds were subjected to biological evaluation against four bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and two fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp.). The two characterized compounds were showed promising antimicrobial activity than the crude extract of both plant species. The observed activity was carried out at concentration of 50 mg/mL for the crude extracts, 20 mg/mL for the isolated compounds, it would be recommended for determination of MIC values provides a quantitative measure for the level of resistance expressed by the test organism.

Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal, 2014

The study has tried to examine the extent of poverty of female-headed households by the way of ma... more The study has tried to examine the extent of poverty of female-headed households by the way of making comparisons with their male counterparts in rural Ethiopia. It further looks through the determinants of poverty in female headed households. It is based on the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey from 1999-2009. Using the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty indices, the descriptive analysis of poverty indices revealed that female-headed households are poorer than male-headed households. To further investigate the determinants of female headed household's Logit model was estimated. Based on the estimation result variables such as educational attainment of the head, household size, total livestock owned as measured in total livestock unit and land holding are found to be the key determinants of poverty for female headed households. Gendersensitive poverty alleviation policies that enhance endowments such as those that increase livestock ownership, land productivity, education level, and ability to control fertility should be the key ingredients of a poverty reduction strategy in rural Ethiopia. Hence, there is an evidence to suggest that poverty alleviation programs should use female headed households as proxy variables for targeting the poor.

Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013

This study is based on secondary data from HICES and WMS 2004/5 collected by CSA. The study has t... more This study is based on secondary data from HICES and WMS 2004/5 collected by CSA. The study has tried to examine the extent of vulnerability to poverty of households in rural Oromiya. It further looks through the determinants of vulnerability to poverty. An estimate of vulnerability to poverty shows that 17.93 percent of the non poor are highly vulnerable. The mean vulnerability for highly vulnerable households is found to be 0.62. The Logit model is used to investigate the determinants of vulnerability to poverty. From the estimation result of the model larger household sizes and illiterate head of household significantly increase the probability of the household to be vulnerable. Therefore ex ante measures to prevent households from becoming poor as well as ex post measures to alleviate those already in poverty should be combined in designing poverty reduction strategies.