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Agricultura Tecnica, 2005

Producto de los tratados de libre comercio firmados por Chile, que auguran la apertura de mercado... more Producto de los tratados de libre comercio firmados por Chile, que auguran la apertura de mercados para la exportación de productos lácteos y cárnicos, se espera que la actividad ganadera del Sur del país se incremente e intensifique. A pesar del conocimiento técnico disponible para el incremento de la productividad del rubro, poco se sabe con certeza sobre el impacto ambiental de esta actividad, en especial sobre cursos de agua, a pesar de que los ríos y lagos de la región son además la base de otras actividades económicas de importancia, como la acuicultura y el turismo. En países desarrollados se ha demostrado que existe una fuerte relación causa-efecto entre la actividad ganadera y la polución difusa de cursos de agua superficiales, en especial de su eutroficación por altas concentraciones de nitrógeno (N) y fósforo (P). Realizando un análisis de los mecanismos que controlan dichas pérdidas, es posible plantear un escenario futuro para la Región de Los Lagos, en el sur de Chile. El mayor uso de insumos, el incremento de la carga animal, la falta de normas de manejo mejoradas y la incorporación de zonas de mayor pendiente o con implementación de drenaje artificial a la actividad permiten prever un bajo nivel de eficiencia en el uso del N y P que ingresan como fertilizantes a los sistemas ganaderos de la región, incrementándose sus pérdidas y pudiendo generarse con ello la subsecuente eutroficación de los cursos de agua aledaños.

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 2005

To analyze the clinical and sonographic variables that affect the success of labor induction. Bis... more To analyze the clinical and sonographic variables that affect the success of labor induction. Bishop score, cervical length, and parity were studied in 196 pregnant women in the prediction of successful vaginal delivery within 24 hr of induction. Logistic regression and segmentation analysis were performed. Cervical length [odds ratio (OR) 1.089, P<0.001], Bishop score (OR 0.751, P=0.001), and parity (OR 6.85, P<0.001) predict the success of labor induction. The best cut-off points for cervical length were <16.5, 16.5--27, and >27 mm (P=0.0016). In the analysis of the Bishop score, we also obtained three discriminatory points, 0, 1--4, and >4 (P=0.0006), that best predict the labor induction. Finally, in a global analysis of the variables studied, the best statistic sequence that predicts the labor induction was found when we introduced parity in the first place. The success of labor induction in nulliparous was 50.77 and 83.33% in multiparous (P=0.0001). Cervical length, Bishop score, and parity predict the success of labor induction.

BACKGROUND: It was our intention to determine whether hysteroscopic polypectomy before intrauteri... more BACKGROUND: It was our intention to determine whether hysteroscopic polypectomy before intrauterine insemination (IUI) achieved better pregnancy outcomes than no intervention. METHODS: A total of 215 infertile women from the infertility unit of a university tertiary hospital with ultrasonographically diagnosed endometrial polyps (EP) undergoing IUI were randomly allocated to one of two pretreatment groups using an opaque envelope technique with assignment determined by a random number table. Hysteroscopic polypectomy was performed in the study group. Diagnostic hysteroscopy and polyp biopsy was performed in the control group. RESULTS: Total pregnancy rates and time for success in both groups after four IUI cycles were compared by means of contingency tables and life-table analysis. A total of 93 pregnancies occurred, 64 in the study group and 29 in the control group. Women in the study group had a better possibility of becoming pregnant after polypectomy, with a relative risk of 2.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5-2.9). Pregnancies in the study group were obtained before the first IUI in 65% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that hysteroscopic polypectomy before IUI is an effective measure.

Agricultura Tecnica, 2007

In this study 50 slurry samples were collected from commercial dairy farms located in the South o... more In this study 50 slurry samples were collected from commercial dairy farms located in the South of Chile during 1995-1997. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, pH, organic matter, available and total macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium), available and total micronutrients (zinc, iron, manganese and copper) and total aluminum. Results showed that the dry matter content in dairy effluents was low, with 62% of the samples being < 4% DM. This reflected the large volumes of water that the storage received. A great variation in nutrient content was observed in the analyzed samples, probably reflecting differences in feeding regimes, use of wash water, rainfall and age of slurry at the time of sampling. In general, the concentration of macro and micronutrients was low. In the present study, the dry matter in the slurry proved to be a good indicator of some nutrients in the samples analyzed. Positive correlations (p < 0.001) were obtained between dry matter content and total phosphorus (r 2 = 89%), total calcium (r 2 = 87%), total magnesium (r 2 = 82%), available phosphorus (r 2 = 75%), ammonium nitrogen (r 2 = 68%), total potassium (r 2 = 64%), available potassium (r 2 = 60%), total nitrogen (r 2 = 55%), total zinc (r 2 = 74%), total manganese (r 2 = 64%) and total iron (r 2 = 62%). Data from this study could be used as a guideline to estimate nutrient contribution from dairy slurry when applied to farmland.

Abstract: Dithiothreitol (DTT) and other dithiol antioxidants with closely spaced thiol pairs str... more Abstract: Dithiothreitol (DTT) and other dithiol antioxidants with closely spaced thiol pairs strongly activate leukocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1, aLb2 integrin) to bind intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Because direct biochemical modifica- tion of LFA-1 by DTT is not apparently involved, we investigated the possible role of a reduction- oxidation (redox)-sensitive adhesion-regulatory pathway. Phenylarsine oxide (PAO), an oxidant selectively reactive with closely

Agricultura Tecnica, 2005

Producto de los tratados de libre comercio firmados por Chile, que auguran la apertura de mercado... more Producto de los tratados de libre comercio firmados por Chile, que auguran la apertura de mercados para la exportación de productos lácteos y cárnicos, se espera que la actividad ganadera del Sur del país se incremente e intensifique. A pesar del conocimiento técnico disponible para el incremento de la productividad del rubro, poco se sabe con certeza sobre el impacto ambiental de esta actividad, en especial sobre cursos de agua, a pesar de que los ríos y lagos de la región son además la base de otras actividades económicas de importancia, como la acuicultura y el turismo. En países desarrollados se ha demostrado que existe una fuerte relación causa-efecto entre la actividad ganadera y la polución difusa de cursos de agua superficiales, en especial de su eutroficación por altas concentraciones de nitrógeno (N) y fósforo (P). Realizando un análisis de los mecanismos que controlan dichas pérdidas, es posible plantear un escenario futuro para la Región de Los Lagos, en el sur de Chile. El mayor uso de insumos, el incremento de la carga animal, la falta de normas de manejo mejoradas y la incorporación de zonas de mayor pendiente o con implementación de drenaje artificial a la actividad permiten prever un bajo nivel de eficiencia en el uso del N y P que ingresan como fertilizantes a los sistemas ganaderos de la región, incrementándose sus pérdidas y pudiendo generarse con ello la subsecuente eutroficación de los cursos de agua aledaños.

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 2005

To analyze the clinical and sonographic variables that affect the success of labor induction. Bis... more To analyze the clinical and sonographic variables that affect the success of labor induction. Bishop score, cervical length, and parity were studied in 196 pregnant women in the prediction of successful vaginal delivery within 24 hr of induction. Logistic regression and segmentation analysis were performed. Cervical length [odds ratio (OR) 1.089, P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001], Bishop score (OR 0.751, P=0.001), and parity (OR 6.85, P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001) predict the success of labor induction. The best cut-off points for cervical length were &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;16.5, 16.5--27, and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;27 mm (P=0.0016). In the analysis of the Bishop score, we also obtained three discriminatory points, 0, 1--4, and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;4 (P=0.0006), that best predict the labor induction. Finally, in a global analysis of the variables studied, the best statistic sequence that predicts the labor induction was found when we introduced parity in the first place. The success of labor induction in nulliparous was 50.77 and 83.33% in multiparous (P=0.0001). Cervical length, Bishop score, and parity predict the success of labor induction.

BACKGROUND: It was our intention to determine whether hysteroscopic polypectomy before intrauteri... more BACKGROUND: It was our intention to determine whether hysteroscopic polypectomy before intrauterine insemination (IUI) achieved better pregnancy outcomes than no intervention. METHODS: A total of 215 infertile women from the infertility unit of a university tertiary hospital with ultrasonographically diagnosed endometrial polyps (EP) undergoing IUI were randomly allocated to one of two pretreatment groups using an opaque envelope technique with assignment determined by a random number table. Hysteroscopic polypectomy was performed in the study group. Diagnostic hysteroscopy and polyp biopsy was performed in the control group. RESULTS: Total pregnancy rates and time for success in both groups after four IUI cycles were compared by means of contingency tables and life-table analysis. A total of 93 pregnancies occurred, 64 in the study group and 29 in the control group. Women in the study group had a better possibility of becoming pregnant after polypectomy, with a relative risk of 2.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5-2.9). Pregnancies in the study group were obtained before the first IUI in 65% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that hysteroscopic polypectomy before IUI is an effective measure.

Agricultura Tecnica, 2007

In this study 50 slurry samples were collected from commercial dairy farms located in the South o... more In this study 50 slurry samples were collected from commercial dairy farms located in the South of Chile during 1995-1997. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, pH, organic matter, available and total macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium), available and total micronutrients (zinc, iron, manganese and copper) and total aluminum. Results showed that the dry matter content in dairy effluents was low, with 62% of the samples being < 4% DM. This reflected the large volumes of water that the storage received. A great variation in nutrient content was observed in the analyzed samples, probably reflecting differences in feeding regimes, use of wash water, rainfall and age of slurry at the time of sampling. In general, the concentration of macro and micronutrients was low. In the present study, the dry matter in the slurry proved to be a good indicator of some nutrients in the samples analyzed. Positive correlations (p < 0.001) were obtained between dry matter content and total phosphorus (r 2 = 89%), total calcium (r 2 = 87%), total magnesium (r 2 = 82%), available phosphorus (r 2 = 75%), ammonium nitrogen (r 2 = 68%), total potassium (r 2 = 64%), available potassium (r 2 = 60%), total nitrogen (r 2 = 55%), total zinc (r 2 = 74%), total manganese (r 2 = 64%) and total iron (r 2 = 62%). Data from this study could be used as a guideline to estimate nutrient contribution from dairy slurry when applied to farmland.

Abstract: Dithiothreitol (DTT) and other dithiol antioxidants with closely spaced thiol pairs str... more Abstract: Dithiothreitol (DTT) and other dithiol antioxidants with closely spaced thiol pairs strongly activate leukocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1, aLb2 integrin) to bind intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Because direct biochemical modifica- tion of LFA-1 by DTT is not apparently involved, we investigated the possible role of a reduction- oxidation (redox)-sensitive adhesion-regulatory pathway. Phenylarsine oxide (PAO), an oxidant selectively reactive with closely