omid gholizadeh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by omid gholizadeh

Research paper thumbnail of Recent advances on high-efficiency of microRNAs in different types of lung cancer: a comprehensive review

Cancer Cell International

Carcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology... more Carcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology, it is categorized as a non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) and a small cell cancer (SCLC) subtype. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of non-coding RNA whose nucleotides range from 19 to 25. They are known to be critical regulators of cancer via epigenetic control of oncogenes expression and by regulating tumor suppressor genes. miRNAs have an essential function in a tumorous microenvironment via modulating cancer cell growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis. Moreover, a wide range of information produced via several investigations indicates their tumor-suppressing, oncogenic, diagnostic assessment, and predictive marker functions in different types of lung malignancy. miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs can be transferred into a lung cancer cell, with possible curative implications. As a result, miRNAs hold promise as targets for lung cancer treatment and detection. In this stud...

Research paper thumbnail of The potential use of bacteria and bacterial derivatives as drug delivery systems for viral infection

Virology Journal

Viral infections in humans are responsible for fatalities worldwide and contribute to the inciden... more Viral infections in humans are responsible for fatalities worldwide and contribute to the incidence of various human ailments. Controllable targeted medicine delivery against many illnesses, including viral infection, may be significantly aided by using bacteria and bacteria-derived products. They may accumulate in diseased tissues despite physical obstacles, where they can launch antiviral immunity. The ability to genetically and chemically modify them means that vaccinations against viral infections may be manufactured and delivered to affected tissues more safely and effectively. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the latest advancements in the field of utilizing bacteria and bacterial derivatives as carriers for administering medication to treat viral diseases such as SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, influenza, and Ebola virus. Graphical Abstract

Research paper thumbnail of A state-of-the-art review on the NRF2 in Hepatitis virus-associated liver cancer

Cell Communication and Signaling

According to a paper released and submitted to WHO by IARC scientists, there would be 905,700 new... more According to a paper released and submitted to WHO by IARC scientists, there would be 905,700 new cases of liver cancer diagnosed globally in 2020, with 830,200 deaths expected as a direct result. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) all play critical roles in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), despite the rising prevalence of HCC due to non-infectious causes. Liver cirrhosis and HCC are devastating consequences of HBV and HCV infections, which are widespread worldwide. Associated with a high mortality rate, these infections cause about 1.3 million deaths annually and are the primary cause of HCC globally. In addition to causing insertional mutations due to viral gene integration, epigenetic alterations and inducing chronic immunological dysfunction are all methods by which these viruses turn hepatocytes into cancerous ones. While expanding our knowledge of the illness, identifying these pathways also give possibilities for no...

Research paper thumbnail of Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of nanoparticles in the management of COVID-19: a comprehensive overview

Virology Journal, Dec 3, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of A state-of-the-art review on the MicroRNAs roles in hematopoietic stem cell aging and longevity

Cell Communication and Signaling, Apr 24, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Recent advances in metal nanoparticles to treat periodontitis

Journal of Nanobiotechnology

The gradual deterioration of the supporting periodontal tissues caused by periodontitis, a chroni... more The gradual deterioration of the supporting periodontal tissues caused by periodontitis, a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease, is thought to be triggered by the colonization of dysbiotic plaque biofilms in a vulnerable host. One of the most prevalent dental conditions in the world, periodontitis is now the leading factor in adult tooth loss. When periodontitis does develop, it is treated by scraping the mineralized deposits and dental biofilm off the tooth surfaces. Numerous studies have shown that non-surgical treatment significantly improves clinical and microbiological indices in individuals with periodontitis. Although periodontal parameters have significantly improved, certain bacterial reservoirs often persist on root surfaces even after standard periodontal therapy. Periodontitis has been treated with local or systemic antibiotics as well as scaling and root planning. Since there aren't many brand-new antibiotics on the market, several researchers are currently c...

Research paper thumbnail of Retraction Note: The role of bismuth nanoparticles in the inhibition of bacterial infection

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Research paper thumbnail of RETRACTED ARTICLE: The role of bismuth nanoparticles in the inhibition of bacterial infection

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Research paper thumbnail of Spotlight on the impact of viral infections on Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) with a focus on COVID-19 effects

Cell Communication and Signaling

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known for their significant capability to reconstitute and pr... more Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known for their significant capability to reconstitute and preserve a functional hematopoietic system in long-term periods after transplantation into conditioned hosts. HSCs are thus crucial cellular targets for the continual repair of inherited hematologic, metabolic, and immunologic disorders. In addition, HSCs can undergo various fates, such as apoptosis, quiescence, migration, differentiation, and self-renewal. Viruses continuously pose a remarkable health risk and request an appropriate, balanced reaction from our immune system, which as well as affects the bone marrow (BM). Therefore, disruption of the hematopoietic system due to viral infection is essential. In addition, patients for whom the risk-to-benefit ratio of HSC transplantation (HSCT) is acceptable have seen an increase in the use of HSCT in recent years. Hematopoietic suppression, BM failure, and HSC exhaustion are all linked to chronic viral infections. Virus infections continue ...

Research paper thumbnail of A state-of-the-art review on the MicroRNAs roles in hematopoietic stem cell aging and longevity

Cell Communication and Signaling

Aging is a biological process determined through time-related cellular and functional impairments... more Aging is a biological process determined through time-related cellular and functional impairments, leading to a decreased standard of living for the organism. Recently, there has been an unprecedented advance in the aging investigation, especially the detection that the rate of senescence is at least somewhat regulated via evolutionarily preserved genetic pathways and biological processes. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain blood generation over the whole lifetime of an organism. The senescence process influences many of the natural features of HSC, leading to a decline in their capabilities, independently of their microenvironment. New studies show that HSCs are sensitive to age-dependent stress and gradually lose their self-renewal and regeneration potential with senescence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally inhibit translation or stimulate target mRNA cleavage of target transcripts via the sequence-particular connection. MiRNAs contro...

Research paper thumbnail of Potential use of the cholesterol transfer inhibitor U18666A as an antiviral drug for research on various viral infections

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Transcriptional Signature Analysis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Early Stage of Hepatitis B-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatitis Monthly

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and life-threatening tumor with high mo... more Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and life-threatening tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Proper prediction and prognosis are incredibly stressed to diagnose HCC and increase patient survival. Objectives: This research aims to evaluate gene expression levels of pre-differentiated transcripts for those suffering from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and HCC. Methods: To examine the previously analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transcriptomic array data, we selected seven differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in normal versus CHB and CHB versus HCC (CD44, SP3, USP8, E2F2, UFM1, IFN regulative factor binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2), and T-cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1)). The study included individuals with treatment-naïve CHB (n = 30) and primary HCC (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 15). Subsequently, the expression of genes was assayed using qRT-PCR. A phylogenetic evaluation was performed using direct sequencing of HBsAg. Results: In HCC pat...

Research paper thumbnail of Future Prospects of Natural Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Combating Lung Diseases

Natural Polymeric Materials based Drug Delivery Systems in Lung Diseases, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic and Immune Epitope Analysis of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Chronic Carriers from Tabriz, Northwest of Iran

ImmunoAnalysis

Background: The purpose of this investigation was to specify the genotypes and subtypes of hepati... more Background: The purpose of this investigation was to specify the genotypes and subtypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by phylogenetic analysis and to investigate the mutations in the S gene region in chronic patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive. Methods: In the present study, Serum sample of 95 patients with chronic HBV infection were subjected. Nested polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of HBV DNA. The S gene region of the DNA isolates was subjected to direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Genotype D was present in all isolates, and the predominant subtype was ayw2 (94.7%), followed by three isolates, ayw3 (3.1%), and two isolates, ayw4 (2.1%). There were totally 169 nucleotide changes. Eighty-one (47.92%) were missense, while 88 (52.07%) were silent. None of the nucleotide or amino acid changes were seen in 31 (32.6%) patients. Eight (8.4%) of the 95 samples had at least one mutation in the HBsAg "a" determinant region. Fif...

Research paper thumbnail of The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targetin... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown that miRNAs expression are changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression of miRNA function can be easily attained by utilizing of anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement in miRNA function can be achieved through the utilization of modified miRNA mimetics. The discovery of appropriate miRNA carriers in the body has become an interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency and safety for transferring different cellular biological components to the recipient cell have attracted significant attention for their capability as miRNA carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized to generate a wide range of EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing that MSCs may be effective for EXO generation in a clinically appropriate measure as compared to other c...

Research paper thumbnail of The role of non-coding RNAs in the diagnosis of different stages (HCC, CHB, OBI) of hepatitis B infection

Research paper thumbnail of Review of the evidence of the effects of human papillomavirus infection and Gardnerella vaginalis, and their co-infection on infertility

Research paper thumbnail of Hepatitis A: Viral Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis Error, and Vaccination

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the well-known viruses that cause hepatitis all around the glob... more Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the well-known viruses that cause hepatitis all around the globe. Although this illness has decreased in developed countries due to extensive immunization, numerous developing and under-developed countries are struggling with this virus. HAV infection can be spread by oral-fecal contact, and there are frequent epidemics through nutrition. Improvements in socioeconomic and sanitary circumstances have caused a shift in the disease’s prevalence worldwide. Younger children are usually asymptomatic, but as they become older, the infection symptoms begin to appear. Symptoms range from slight inflammation and jaundice to acute liver failure in older individuals. While an acute infection may be self-limiting, unrecognized persistent infections, and the misapplication of therapeutic methods based on clinical guidelines are linked to a higher incidence of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. Fortunately, most patients recover within two months ...

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Coding RNAs in Modulating the Pathogenesis of SARS-Cov-2 Infection

The Open COVID Journal

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading worldwide since December 2019. It is a... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading worldwide since December 2019. It is a significant threat to community healthcare in all countries worldwide, so policymakers and researchers are paying close attention to it. The most significant components of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are miRNAs and lncRNAs, which serve as regulatory elements. They are vital ingredients of the transcriptome, with a role in normal biological reactions and inflammatory processes, including viral infection. In the field of viral infection, microRNAs and non-coding RNAs with 19 to 25 nucleotides receive more attention as they target mRNAs to control gene expression. However, the role of many lncRNAs is yet to be discovered. In this review, we provide detailed information about the effects of host lncRNAs and viral lncRNAs, interactions between lncRNAs and their interactions with other ncRNAs, and small membrane vesicles called exosomes and microRNAs in COVID-19 infection. The profile of ncRNAs ...

Research paper thumbnail of Comprehensive Investigations Relationship Between Viral Infections and Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis

Research paper thumbnail of Recent advances on high-efficiency of microRNAs in different types of lung cancer: a comprehensive review

Cancer Cell International

Carcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology... more Carcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology, it is categorized as a non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) and a small cell cancer (SCLC) subtype. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of non-coding RNA whose nucleotides range from 19 to 25. They are known to be critical regulators of cancer via epigenetic control of oncogenes expression and by regulating tumor suppressor genes. miRNAs have an essential function in a tumorous microenvironment via modulating cancer cell growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis. Moreover, a wide range of information produced via several investigations indicates their tumor-suppressing, oncogenic, diagnostic assessment, and predictive marker functions in different types of lung malignancy. miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs can be transferred into a lung cancer cell, with possible curative implications. As a result, miRNAs hold promise as targets for lung cancer treatment and detection. In this stud...

Research paper thumbnail of The potential use of bacteria and bacterial derivatives as drug delivery systems for viral infection

Virology Journal

Viral infections in humans are responsible for fatalities worldwide and contribute to the inciden... more Viral infections in humans are responsible for fatalities worldwide and contribute to the incidence of various human ailments. Controllable targeted medicine delivery against many illnesses, including viral infection, may be significantly aided by using bacteria and bacteria-derived products. They may accumulate in diseased tissues despite physical obstacles, where they can launch antiviral immunity. The ability to genetically and chemically modify them means that vaccinations against viral infections may be manufactured and delivered to affected tissues more safely and effectively. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the latest advancements in the field of utilizing bacteria and bacterial derivatives as carriers for administering medication to treat viral diseases such as SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, influenza, and Ebola virus. Graphical Abstract

Research paper thumbnail of A state-of-the-art review on the NRF2 in Hepatitis virus-associated liver cancer

Cell Communication and Signaling

According to a paper released and submitted to WHO by IARC scientists, there would be 905,700 new... more According to a paper released and submitted to WHO by IARC scientists, there would be 905,700 new cases of liver cancer diagnosed globally in 2020, with 830,200 deaths expected as a direct result. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) all play critical roles in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), despite the rising prevalence of HCC due to non-infectious causes. Liver cirrhosis and HCC are devastating consequences of HBV and HCV infections, which are widespread worldwide. Associated with a high mortality rate, these infections cause about 1.3 million deaths annually and are the primary cause of HCC globally. In addition to causing insertional mutations due to viral gene integration, epigenetic alterations and inducing chronic immunological dysfunction are all methods by which these viruses turn hepatocytes into cancerous ones. While expanding our knowledge of the illness, identifying these pathways also give possibilities for no...

Research paper thumbnail of Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of nanoparticles in the management of COVID-19: a comprehensive overview

Virology Journal, Dec 3, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of A state-of-the-art review on the MicroRNAs roles in hematopoietic stem cell aging and longevity

Cell Communication and Signaling, Apr 24, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Recent advances in metal nanoparticles to treat periodontitis

Journal of Nanobiotechnology

The gradual deterioration of the supporting periodontal tissues caused by periodontitis, a chroni... more The gradual deterioration of the supporting periodontal tissues caused by periodontitis, a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease, is thought to be triggered by the colonization of dysbiotic plaque biofilms in a vulnerable host. One of the most prevalent dental conditions in the world, periodontitis is now the leading factor in adult tooth loss. When periodontitis does develop, it is treated by scraping the mineralized deposits and dental biofilm off the tooth surfaces. Numerous studies have shown that non-surgical treatment significantly improves clinical and microbiological indices in individuals with periodontitis. Although periodontal parameters have significantly improved, certain bacterial reservoirs often persist on root surfaces even after standard periodontal therapy. Periodontitis has been treated with local or systemic antibiotics as well as scaling and root planning. Since there aren't many brand-new antibiotics on the market, several researchers are currently c...

Research paper thumbnail of Retraction Note: The role of bismuth nanoparticles in the inhibition of bacterial infection

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Research paper thumbnail of RETRACTED ARTICLE: The role of bismuth nanoparticles in the inhibition of bacterial infection

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Research paper thumbnail of Spotlight on the impact of viral infections on Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) with a focus on COVID-19 effects

Cell Communication and Signaling

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known for their significant capability to reconstitute and pr... more Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known for their significant capability to reconstitute and preserve a functional hematopoietic system in long-term periods after transplantation into conditioned hosts. HSCs are thus crucial cellular targets for the continual repair of inherited hematologic, metabolic, and immunologic disorders. In addition, HSCs can undergo various fates, such as apoptosis, quiescence, migration, differentiation, and self-renewal. Viruses continuously pose a remarkable health risk and request an appropriate, balanced reaction from our immune system, which as well as affects the bone marrow (BM). Therefore, disruption of the hematopoietic system due to viral infection is essential. In addition, patients for whom the risk-to-benefit ratio of HSC transplantation (HSCT) is acceptable have seen an increase in the use of HSCT in recent years. Hematopoietic suppression, BM failure, and HSC exhaustion are all linked to chronic viral infections. Virus infections continue ...

Research paper thumbnail of A state-of-the-art review on the MicroRNAs roles in hematopoietic stem cell aging and longevity

Cell Communication and Signaling

Aging is a biological process determined through time-related cellular and functional impairments... more Aging is a biological process determined through time-related cellular and functional impairments, leading to a decreased standard of living for the organism. Recently, there has been an unprecedented advance in the aging investigation, especially the detection that the rate of senescence is at least somewhat regulated via evolutionarily preserved genetic pathways and biological processes. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain blood generation over the whole lifetime of an organism. The senescence process influences many of the natural features of HSC, leading to a decline in their capabilities, independently of their microenvironment. New studies show that HSCs are sensitive to age-dependent stress and gradually lose their self-renewal and regeneration potential with senescence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally inhibit translation or stimulate target mRNA cleavage of target transcripts via the sequence-particular connection. MiRNAs contro...

Research paper thumbnail of Potential use of the cholesterol transfer inhibitor U18666A as an antiviral drug for research on various viral infections

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Transcriptional Signature Analysis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Early Stage of Hepatitis B-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatitis Monthly

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and life-threatening tumor with high mo... more Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and life-threatening tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Proper prediction and prognosis are incredibly stressed to diagnose HCC and increase patient survival. Objectives: This research aims to evaluate gene expression levels of pre-differentiated transcripts for those suffering from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and HCC. Methods: To examine the previously analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transcriptomic array data, we selected seven differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in normal versus CHB and CHB versus HCC (CD44, SP3, USP8, E2F2, UFM1, IFN regulative factor binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2), and T-cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1)). The study included individuals with treatment-naïve CHB (n = 30) and primary HCC (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 15). Subsequently, the expression of genes was assayed using qRT-PCR. A phylogenetic evaluation was performed using direct sequencing of HBsAg. Results: In HCC pat...

Research paper thumbnail of Future Prospects of Natural Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Combating Lung Diseases

Natural Polymeric Materials based Drug Delivery Systems in Lung Diseases, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic and Immune Epitope Analysis of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Chronic Carriers from Tabriz, Northwest of Iran

ImmunoAnalysis

Background: The purpose of this investigation was to specify the genotypes and subtypes of hepati... more Background: The purpose of this investigation was to specify the genotypes and subtypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by phylogenetic analysis and to investigate the mutations in the S gene region in chronic patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive. Methods: In the present study, Serum sample of 95 patients with chronic HBV infection were subjected. Nested polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of HBV DNA. The S gene region of the DNA isolates was subjected to direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Genotype D was present in all isolates, and the predominant subtype was ayw2 (94.7%), followed by three isolates, ayw3 (3.1%), and two isolates, ayw4 (2.1%). There were totally 169 nucleotide changes. Eighty-one (47.92%) were missense, while 88 (52.07%) were silent. None of the nucleotide or amino acid changes were seen in 31 (32.6%) patients. Eight (8.4%) of the 95 samples had at least one mutation in the HBsAg "a" determinant region. Fif...

Research paper thumbnail of The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targetin... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown that miRNAs expression are changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression of miRNA function can be easily attained by utilizing of anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement in miRNA function can be achieved through the utilization of modified miRNA mimetics. The discovery of appropriate miRNA carriers in the body has become an interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency and safety for transferring different cellular biological components to the recipient cell have attracted significant attention for their capability as miRNA carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized to generate a wide range of EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing that MSCs may be effective for EXO generation in a clinically appropriate measure as compared to other c...

Research paper thumbnail of The role of non-coding RNAs in the diagnosis of different stages (HCC, CHB, OBI) of hepatitis B infection

Research paper thumbnail of Review of the evidence of the effects of human papillomavirus infection and Gardnerella vaginalis, and their co-infection on infertility

Research paper thumbnail of Hepatitis A: Viral Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis Error, and Vaccination

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the well-known viruses that cause hepatitis all around the glob... more Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the well-known viruses that cause hepatitis all around the globe. Although this illness has decreased in developed countries due to extensive immunization, numerous developing and under-developed countries are struggling with this virus. HAV infection can be spread by oral-fecal contact, and there are frequent epidemics through nutrition. Improvements in socioeconomic and sanitary circumstances have caused a shift in the disease’s prevalence worldwide. Younger children are usually asymptomatic, but as they become older, the infection symptoms begin to appear. Symptoms range from slight inflammation and jaundice to acute liver failure in older individuals. While an acute infection may be self-limiting, unrecognized persistent infections, and the misapplication of therapeutic methods based on clinical guidelines are linked to a higher incidence of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. Fortunately, most patients recover within two months ...

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Coding RNAs in Modulating the Pathogenesis of SARS-Cov-2 Infection

The Open COVID Journal

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading worldwide since December 2019. It is a... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading worldwide since December 2019. It is a significant threat to community healthcare in all countries worldwide, so policymakers and researchers are paying close attention to it. The most significant components of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are miRNAs and lncRNAs, which serve as regulatory elements. They are vital ingredients of the transcriptome, with a role in normal biological reactions and inflammatory processes, including viral infection. In the field of viral infection, microRNAs and non-coding RNAs with 19 to 25 nucleotides receive more attention as they target mRNAs to control gene expression. However, the role of many lncRNAs is yet to be discovered. In this review, we provide detailed information about the effects of host lncRNAs and viral lncRNAs, interactions between lncRNAs and their interactions with other ncRNAs, and small membrane vesicles called exosomes and microRNAs in COVID-19 infection. The profile of ncRNAs ...

Research paper thumbnail of Comprehensive Investigations Relationship Between Viral Infections and Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis