giorgia adamo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by giorgia adamo
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Oct 24, 2023
The establishment of an extracellular vesicle (EV) functional assay is essential for defining the... more The establishment of an extracellular vesicle (EV) functional assay is essential for defining the bioactivity, quality, batch-to-batch reproducibility and stability of EV preparations to facilitate subsequent applications as therapeutics or carriers for cell-free therapies. The high heterogeneity of EV preparations requires a sensitive test that supports gold-standard-methods reported in the Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV, 2018) guidelines for the functional characterization of EVs. Here, we developed a ubiquitous enzymatic-based assay for EVs, a single-step functional analysis to predict their potency that simultaneously allows a quantitative measure of EV-bioactivity and vesicle integrity, using small-size EV samples. In particular, we set up and validated this robust and simple test using nanoalgosomes as EV-model system, selecting a specific substrate for enzymes present the vesicular cargo of several type of EVs, including mammalian's one. We also explored the proposed assay's potential for EV-quality check after different EV-isolation, storage, and loading methods.
Due to their intercellular communication properties and their involvement in a wide range of biol... more Due to their intercellular communication properties and their involvement in a wide range of biological processes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly being studied and exploited for different applications. Nevertheless, their complex nature and heterogeneity, as well as the challenges related to their isolation, purification and characterization procedures, require cautious assessment of the quality and quantity parameters to monitor. This translates into a multitude of choices and putative solutions that lie in front of any EV researcher, in both research and translational environments, resembling a labyrinth with multiple paths to cross and, possibly, more than one exit. In this respect, decision-making tools might represent our modern Ariadne's string to follow not to get lost or distracted along the journey, to choose the shorter and best-fit-to-source EV application(s) and vice versa. Here, we present the implementation of a multi-criteria EV decision-making grid...
A scalable, single step, synthetic approach for the manufacture of biocompatible, functionalized ... more A scalable, single step, synthetic approach for the manufacture of biocompatible, functionalized microgels and nanogels has been developed. Pulsed EB irradiation of PVP aqueous solutions, at relatively low energies per pulse and doses within the sterilization dose range, has led to a variety of \u2018as-born\u2019 sterile, functional nanostructures that exhibit a combination of favourable properties which make them suitable as biomedical nanocarriers. Reactive functional groups have been generated by graft copolymerization of functional acrylic monomers. These groups can be used to attach fluorescent probes to the NPs, to bioconjugate ligands of specific cell receptors and to incorporate therapeutics. To support the applicability of these nanogels, as well as their preparation procedure, for biomedical use, several different biocompatibility tests have been carried out
ABSTRACTNanoalgosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by microalgal cells that can medi... more ABSTRACTNanoalgosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by microalgal cells that can mediate intercellular and cross-kingdom communication. In the present study, starting from the optimized nanoalgosome manufacturing from cultures of marine microalgae, we evaluated their innate biological properties in preclinical models. Our investigation of nanoalgosome biocompatibility included toxicological analyses, starting from studies on the invertebrate model organismCaenorhabditis elegans,proceeding to hematological and immunological evaluations in mice and immune-compatibilityex vivo. Nanoalgosome biodistribution was evaluated in mice with accurate space-time resolution, and inC. elegansat cellular and subcellular levels. Further examination highlighted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities of nanoalgosomes. This holistic approach to nanoalgosome functional characterization showcases that nanoalgosomes are innate effectors and potential drug delivery system for novel...
Biomaterials Science Series, 2021
Pharmaceutics, Jan 19, 2023
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Frontiers in Immunology
2,2’4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) is one of the most widespread environmental brominate... more 2,2’4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) is one of the most widespread environmental brominated flame-retardant congeners which has also been detected in animal and human tissues. Several studies have reported the effects of PBDEs on different health issues, including neurobehavioral and developmental disorders, reproductive health, and alterations of thyroid function. Much less is known about its immunotoxicity. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects that treatment of THP-1 macrophage-like cells with PBDE-47 could have on the content of small extracellular vesicles’ (sEVs) microRNA (miRNA) cargo and their downstream effects on bystander macrophages. To achieve this, we purified sEVs from PBDE-47 treated M(LPS) THP-1 macrophage-like cells (sEVsPBDE+LPS) by means of ultra-centrifugation and characterized their miRNA cargo by microarray analysis detecting the modulation of 18 miRNAs. Furthermore, resting THP-1 derived M(0) macrophage-like cells were cultured with sEVsP...
Cancers
Tumor growth and metastasis strongly rely on cell–cell communication. One of the mechanisms by wh... more Tumor growth and metastasis strongly rely on cell–cell communication. One of the mechanisms by which tumor cells communicate involves the release and uptake of lipid membrane encapsulated particles full of bioactive molecules, called extracellular vesicles (EVs). EV exchange between cancer cells may induce phenotype changes in the recipient cells. Our work investigated the effect of EVs released by teratocarcinoma cells on glioblastoma (GBM) cells. EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation and analyzed through Western blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and electron microscopy. The effect of large EVs on GBM cells was tested through cell migration, proliferation, and drug-sensitivity assays, and resulted in a specific impairment in cell migration with no effects on proliferation and drug-sensitivity. Noticeably, we found the presence of the EGF-CFC founder member CRIPTO on both small and large EVs, in the latter case implicated in the EV-mediated negative regulation of GBM ...
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Mar 24, 2022
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane nano-sized vesicles secreted by various cell type... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane nano-sized vesicles secreted by various cell types for intercellular communication, found in all kingdoms of life. Nanoalgosomes are a subtype of EVs derived from microalgae with a sustainable biotechnological potential. To explore the uptake, distribution and persistence of nanoalgosomes in cells and living organisms, we separated them from a culture of the chlorophyte Tetraselmis chuii cells by tangential flow filtration (TFF), labelled them with different lipophilic dyes and characterized their biophysical attributes. Then we studied the cellular uptake of labelled nanoalgosomes in human cells and in C. elegans, demonstrating that they enter the cells through an energy dependent mechanism and are localized in the cytoplasm of specific cells, where they persist for days. Our data confirm that nanoalgosomes are actively uptaken in vitro by human cells and in vivo by C. elegans cells, supporting their exploitation as potential nanocarriers of bioactive compounds for theranostic applications.
Social media e comunicazione politica. Una nuova forma di democrazia: la partecipazione on-line. ... more Social media e comunicazione politica. Una nuova forma di democrazia: la partecipazione on-line. Strategie di engagement politico. Facebook e Twitter nella democrazia 2.0. Ruolo dei social media nella crisi presidenziale venezuelana. Effetti della mobilitazione on-line.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2022
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role as potent signal transducers among cells, with t... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role as potent signal transducers among cells, with the potential to operate cross-species and cross-kingdom communication. Nanoalgosomes are a subtype of EVs recently identified and isolated from microalgae. Microalgae represent a natural bioresource with the capacity to produce several secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activities and commercial applications. The present study highlights the upstream and downstream processes required for the scalable production of nanoalgosomes from cultures of the marine microalgae Tetraselmis chuii. Different technical parameters, protocols, and conditions were assessed to improve EVs isolation by tangential flow filtration (TFF), aiming to enhance sample purity and yield. The optimization of the overall bioprocess was enhanced by quality control checks operated through robust biophysical and biochemical characterizations. Further, we showed the possibility of recycling by TFF micro...
Pulsed electron-beam irradiation of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) aqueous solutions, at relativ... more Pulsed electron-beam irradiation of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) aqueous solutions, at relatively low energy per pulse and doses within the sterilization dose range, has led to a variety of PVP nanogels of controlled size, that can be simultaneously grafted with a variety of functional monomers. Their crosslinked cores and multibranched arms with pendant carboxyl or amino groups ensure colloidal stability in a wide range of pHs and amenability to conjugation with fluorescent probes, ligands of specific cell receptors, such as short peptides, antibodies or oligonucleotides, and different type of therapeutics. Nanogels were proved to be not cytotoxic or genotoxic at the cellular level. Indeed, they showed good affinity for cells, as they rapidly and quantitatively bypass the cellular compartments, to accumulate in specific cell portions, then being completely released from the cells within 24 h.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Oct 24, 2023
The establishment of an extracellular vesicle (EV) functional assay is essential for defining the... more The establishment of an extracellular vesicle (EV) functional assay is essential for defining the bioactivity, quality, batch-to-batch reproducibility and stability of EV preparations to facilitate subsequent applications as therapeutics or carriers for cell-free therapies. The high heterogeneity of EV preparations requires a sensitive test that supports gold-standard-methods reported in the Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV, 2018) guidelines for the functional characterization of EVs. Here, we developed a ubiquitous enzymatic-based assay for EVs, a single-step functional analysis to predict their potency that simultaneously allows a quantitative measure of EV-bioactivity and vesicle integrity, using small-size EV samples. In particular, we set up and validated this robust and simple test using nanoalgosomes as EV-model system, selecting a specific substrate for enzymes present the vesicular cargo of several type of EVs, including mammalian's one. We also explored the proposed assay's potential for EV-quality check after different EV-isolation, storage, and loading methods.
Due to their intercellular communication properties and their involvement in a wide range of biol... more Due to their intercellular communication properties and their involvement in a wide range of biological processes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly being studied and exploited for different applications. Nevertheless, their complex nature and heterogeneity, as well as the challenges related to their isolation, purification and characterization procedures, require cautious assessment of the quality and quantity parameters to monitor. This translates into a multitude of choices and putative solutions that lie in front of any EV researcher, in both research and translational environments, resembling a labyrinth with multiple paths to cross and, possibly, more than one exit. In this respect, decision-making tools might represent our modern Ariadne's string to follow not to get lost or distracted along the journey, to choose the shorter and best-fit-to-source EV application(s) and vice versa. Here, we present the implementation of a multi-criteria EV decision-making grid...
A scalable, single step, synthetic approach for the manufacture of biocompatible, functionalized ... more A scalable, single step, synthetic approach for the manufacture of biocompatible, functionalized microgels and nanogels has been developed. Pulsed EB irradiation of PVP aqueous solutions, at relatively low energies per pulse and doses within the sterilization dose range, has led to a variety of \u2018as-born\u2019 sterile, functional nanostructures that exhibit a combination of favourable properties which make them suitable as biomedical nanocarriers. Reactive functional groups have been generated by graft copolymerization of functional acrylic monomers. These groups can be used to attach fluorescent probes to the NPs, to bioconjugate ligands of specific cell receptors and to incorporate therapeutics. To support the applicability of these nanogels, as well as their preparation procedure, for biomedical use, several different biocompatibility tests have been carried out
ABSTRACTNanoalgosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by microalgal cells that can medi... more ABSTRACTNanoalgosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by microalgal cells that can mediate intercellular and cross-kingdom communication. In the present study, starting from the optimized nanoalgosome manufacturing from cultures of marine microalgae, we evaluated their innate biological properties in preclinical models. Our investigation of nanoalgosome biocompatibility included toxicological analyses, starting from studies on the invertebrate model organismCaenorhabditis elegans,proceeding to hematological and immunological evaluations in mice and immune-compatibilityex vivo. Nanoalgosome biodistribution was evaluated in mice with accurate space-time resolution, and inC. elegansat cellular and subcellular levels. Further examination highlighted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities of nanoalgosomes. This holistic approach to nanoalgosome functional characterization showcases that nanoalgosomes are innate effectors and potential drug delivery system for novel...
Biomaterials Science Series, 2021
Pharmaceutics, Jan 19, 2023
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Frontiers in Immunology
2,2’4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) is one of the most widespread environmental brominate... more 2,2’4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) is one of the most widespread environmental brominated flame-retardant congeners which has also been detected in animal and human tissues. Several studies have reported the effects of PBDEs on different health issues, including neurobehavioral and developmental disorders, reproductive health, and alterations of thyroid function. Much less is known about its immunotoxicity. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects that treatment of THP-1 macrophage-like cells with PBDE-47 could have on the content of small extracellular vesicles’ (sEVs) microRNA (miRNA) cargo and their downstream effects on bystander macrophages. To achieve this, we purified sEVs from PBDE-47 treated M(LPS) THP-1 macrophage-like cells (sEVsPBDE+LPS) by means of ultra-centrifugation and characterized their miRNA cargo by microarray analysis detecting the modulation of 18 miRNAs. Furthermore, resting THP-1 derived M(0) macrophage-like cells were cultured with sEVsP...
Cancers
Tumor growth and metastasis strongly rely on cell–cell communication. One of the mechanisms by wh... more Tumor growth and metastasis strongly rely on cell–cell communication. One of the mechanisms by which tumor cells communicate involves the release and uptake of lipid membrane encapsulated particles full of bioactive molecules, called extracellular vesicles (EVs). EV exchange between cancer cells may induce phenotype changes in the recipient cells. Our work investigated the effect of EVs released by teratocarcinoma cells on glioblastoma (GBM) cells. EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation and analyzed through Western blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and electron microscopy. The effect of large EVs on GBM cells was tested through cell migration, proliferation, and drug-sensitivity assays, and resulted in a specific impairment in cell migration with no effects on proliferation and drug-sensitivity. Noticeably, we found the presence of the EGF-CFC founder member CRIPTO on both small and large EVs, in the latter case implicated in the EV-mediated negative regulation of GBM ...
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Mar 24, 2022
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane nano-sized vesicles secreted by various cell type... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane nano-sized vesicles secreted by various cell types for intercellular communication, found in all kingdoms of life. Nanoalgosomes are a subtype of EVs derived from microalgae with a sustainable biotechnological potential. To explore the uptake, distribution and persistence of nanoalgosomes in cells and living organisms, we separated them from a culture of the chlorophyte Tetraselmis chuii cells by tangential flow filtration (TFF), labelled them with different lipophilic dyes and characterized their biophysical attributes. Then we studied the cellular uptake of labelled nanoalgosomes in human cells and in C. elegans, demonstrating that they enter the cells through an energy dependent mechanism and are localized in the cytoplasm of specific cells, where they persist for days. Our data confirm that nanoalgosomes are actively uptaken in vitro by human cells and in vivo by C. elegans cells, supporting their exploitation as potential nanocarriers of bioactive compounds for theranostic applications.
Social media e comunicazione politica. Una nuova forma di democrazia: la partecipazione on-line. ... more Social media e comunicazione politica. Una nuova forma di democrazia: la partecipazione on-line. Strategie di engagement politico. Facebook e Twitter nella democrazia 2.0. Ruolo dei social media nella crisi presidenziale venezuelana. Effetti della mobilitazione on-line.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2022
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role as potent signal transducers among cells, with t... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role as potent signal transducers among cells, with the potential to operate cross-species and cross-kingdom communication. Nanoalgosomes are a subtype of EVs recently identified and isolated from microalgae. Microalgae represent a natural bioresource with the capacity to produce several secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activities and commercial applications. The present study highlights the upstream and downstream processes required for the scalable production of nanoalgosomes from cultures of the marine microalgae Tetraselmis chuii. Different technical parameters, protocols, and conditions were assessed to improve EVs isolation by tangential flow filtration (TFF), aiming to enhance sample purity and yield. The optimization of the overall bioprocess was enhanced by quality control checks operated through robust biophysical and biochemical characterizations. Further, we showed the possibility of recycling by TFF micro...
Pulsed electron-beam irradiation of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) aqueous solutions, at relativ... more Pulsed electron-beam irradiation of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) aqueous solutions, at relatively low energy per pulse and doses within the sterilization dose range, has led to a variety of PVP nanogels of controlled size, that can be simultaneously grafted with a variety of functional monomers. Their crosslinked cores and multibranched arms with pendant carboxyl or amino groups ensure colloidal stability in a wide range of pHs and amenability to conjugation with fluorescent probes, ligands of specific cell receptors, such as short peptides, antibodies or oligonucleotides, and different type of therapeutics. Nanogels were proved to be not cytotoxic or genotoxic at the cellular level. Indeed, they showed good affinity for cells, as they rapidly and quantitatively bypass the cellular compartments, to accumulate in specific cell portions, then being completely released from the cells within 24 h.