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Papers by leonid gorelik

New Journal of Physics, 2007

We investigate theoretically the occurrence of 'shuttle-like&... more We investigate theoretically the occurrence of 'shuttle-like' electromechanical instabilities in systems where charge transfer processes interact with several mechanical degrees of freedom simultaneously. In particular we consider the excitation of the multiple bending modes of a suspended carbon nanotube (CNT) due to the injection of current from the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) into the suspended part of

Physical Review Letters, 2010

We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a su... more We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a superconducting weak link, and show that an applied DC bias voltage an result in suppression of the flexural vibrations of the wire. This cooling effect is achieved through the transfer of vibronic energy quanta first to voltage driven Andreev states and then to extended quasiparticle electronic states. Our analysis, which is performed for a nanowire in the form of a metallic carbon nanotube and in the framework of the density matrix formalism, shows that such self-cooling is possible down to a level where the average occupation number of the lowest flexural vibration mode of the nanowire is sim0.1\sim 0.1sim0.1.

Nano Letters, 2005

We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotu... more We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotubes when a current is injected into the tubes using a scanning tunneling microscope. We show that a shuttle-like electromechanical instability can occur if the bias voltage exceeds a dissipation-dependent threshold value. An instability results in large amplitude vibrations of the carbon nanotube bending mode, which modify the current-voltage characteristics of the system.

2011 21st International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations, 2011

We consider a doubly clamped suspended metallic carbon nanotube in which extra charge is injected... more We consider a doubly clamped suspended metallic carbon nanotube in which extra charge is injected from the tipof a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Our analysis shows that the quantum superposition between the different inelastic electronic tunneling paths can be controlled by the bias voltage. In particular, we find that below Coulomb blockade threshold the vibron emission induced by thermally activated

Physical Review Letters, 2011

We demonstrate that a suspended nanowire forming a weak link between two superconductors can be c... more We demonstrate that a suspended nanowire forming a weak link between two superconductors can be cooled to its motional ground state by a supercurrent flow. The predicted cooling mechanism has its origins in magnetic field induced inelastic tunneling of the macroscopic superconducting phase associated with the junction. Furthermore, we show the voltage-drop over the junction is proportional to the average population of the vibrational modes in the stationary regime, a phenomena which can be used to probe the level of cooling. 85.25.Cp, 85.85.+j Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are fast approaching the limits set by quantum mechanics . Achieving such conditions requires that the mechanical subsystem can be brought into, and detected, in its quantum mechanical ground state. In general this condition demands that an energy quanta associated with the mechanical motion is much larger than the energy associated with the thermal environment. For an oscillator with a mechanical frequency of 100 MHz this implies temperatures as low as a few mK. However, using oscillators with higher mechanical frequencies the quantum limit can be reached, as recently demonstrated by O'Connell et al. [4].

Physical Review Letters, 2010

We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a su... more We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a superconducting weak link, and show that an applied DC bias voltage can result in suppression of the flexural vibrations of the wire. This cooling effect is achieved through the transfer of vibronic energy quanta first to voltage driven Andreev states and then to extended quasiparticle electronic states. Our analysis, which is performed for a nanowire in the form of a metallic carbon nanotube and in the framework of the density matrix formalism, shows that such self-cooling is possible down to the ground state of the flexural vibration mode of the nanowire.

Physical Review B, 2005

... 235424 2005 Giant field effect in self-assembled metallo-organic nanoscale networks Mohammad ... more ... 235424 2005 Giant field effect in self-assembled metallo-organic nanoscale networks Mohammad S. Kabir, Andrey V. Danilov,1 Leonid Y. Gorelik,2 Robert I. Shekhter,2 Mathias Brust,3 ... 3 CP Collier, RJ Saykally, JJ Shiang, SE Henrichs, and JR Heath, Science 277, 1978 1997 . ...

Physical Review B, 2013

We investigate theoretically the dynamics of a spatially symmetric shuttle-system subjected to an... more We investigate theoretically the dynamics of a spatially symmetric shuttle-system subjected to an ac gate voltage. We demonstrate that in such a system parametric excitation gives rise to mechanical vibrations when the frequency of the ac signal is close to the eigenfrequency of the mechanical subsystem. These mechanical oscillations result in a dc shuttle current in a certain direction due to spontaneous symmetry breaking. The direction of the current is defined by the phase shift between the ac gate voltage and the parametrically excited mechanical oscillations. Dependance of the shuttle current on the dc gate voltage is also analyzed. arXiv:1212.1035v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]

Physical Review B, 2008

We demonstrate that a supercurrent can pump energy from a battery that provides a voltage bias in... more We demonstrate that a supercurrent can pump energy from a battery that provides a voltage bias into nanomechanical vibrations. Using a device containing a nanowire Josephson weak link as an example we show that a nonlinear coupling between the supercurrent and a static external magnetic field leads to a Lorentz force that excites bending vibrations of the wire at resonance conditions. We also demonstrate the possibility to achieve more than one regime of stationary nonlinear vibrations and how to detect them via the associated dc Josephson currents and we discuss possible applications of such a multistable nanoelectromechanical dynamics.

New Journal of Physics, 2014

We investigate instability and dynamical properties of nanoelectromechanical systems represented ... more We investigate instability and dynamical properties of nanoelectromechanical systems represented by a single-electron device containing movable quantum dot attached to a vibrating cantilever via asymmetric tunnel contact. The Kondo resonance in electron tunneling between source and shuttle facilitates self-sustained oscillations originated from strong coupling of mechanical and electronic/spin degrees of freedom. We analyze stability diagram for two-channel Kondo shuttling regime due to limitations given by the electromotive force acting on a moving shuttle and find that the saturation amplitude of oscillation is associated with the retardation effect of Kondo-cloud. The results shed light on possible ways of experimental realization of

Nano Letters, 2005

We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotu... more We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotubes when a current is injected into the tubes using a scanning tunneling microscope. We show that a shuttle-like electromechanical instability can occur if the bias voltage exceeds a dissipationdependent threshold value. An instability results in large amplitude vibrations of the carbon nanotube bending mode, which modify the current-voltage characteristics of the system.

Low Temperature Physics, 2009

Strong coupling between electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom is a basic requirement for t... more Strong coupling between electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom is a basic requirement for the operation of any nanoelectromechanical device. In this Review we consider such devices and in particular investigate the properties of small tunnel-junction nanostructures that contain a movable element in the form of a suspended nanowire. In these systems, electrical current and charge can be concentrated to small spatial volumes resulting in strong coupling between the mechanics and the charge transport. As a result, a variety of mesoscopic phenomena appear, which can be used for the transduction of electrical currents into mechanical operation. Here we will in particular consider nanoelectromechanical dynamics far from equilibrium and the effect of quantum coherence in both the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom in the context of both normal and superconducting nanostructures.

Comptes Rendus Physique, 2012

ABSTRACT In this review we discuss how the nano-electro-mechanical properties of a superconductin... more ABSTRACT In this review we discuss how the nano-electro-mechanical properties of a superconducting weak link, formed by a suspended nanowire bridging two superconductors, can strongly affect mesoscopic effects in both the electronic and the mechanical subsystem. In particular we will discuss how quantum coherence and electron–electron (Coulomb) correlations may result in the possibility to resonantly redistribute energy between the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom, allowing controllable switching between pumping and cooling of the nano-mechanical vibrations of the suspended nanowire. The two regimes of a given current and a given voltage supplied to the nano-electro-mechanical weak link is considered, resulting respectively in the possibility of ground-state cooling or resonant generation of nano-mechanical vibrations for realistic experimental parameters.RésuméDans cet article nous décrivons comment les propriétés nano-électromécaniques dʼune connexion faible formée par un nanofil suspendu entre deux supreconducteurs, peut fortement affecter les effets mésoscopiques dans le sous-système électronique comme dans le sous-système. Nous décrirons en particulier comment la cohérence quantique et les corrélations de Coulomb entre électrons peuvent rendre possible une redistribution résonante de lʼénergie entre les degrés de liberté électroniques et mécaniques, permettant dʼalterner de façon contrôlée le pompage et le refroidissement des vibrations nano-mécaniques du nanofil. On considère deux régimes dans lesquels on fixe soit le courant, soit la tension agissant sur la connexion nano-électromécanique, le résultat étant respectivement un refroidissement dans lʼétat fondamental ou la génération résonante de vibrations nano-mécaniques, obtenus pour des paramètres expérimentaux réaliste.

New Journal of Physics, 2007

We investigate theoretically the occurrence of 'shuttle-like&... more We investigate theoretically the occurrence of 'shuttle-like' electromechanical instabilities in systems where charge transfer processes interact with several mechanical degrees of freedom simultaneously. In particular we consider the excitation of the multiple bending modes of a suspended carbon nanotube (CNT) due to the injection of current from the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) into the suspended part of

Physical Review Letters, 2010

We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a su... more We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a superconducting weak link, and show that an applied DC bias voltage an result in suppression of the flexural vibrations of the wire. This cooling effect is achieved through the transfer of vibronic energy quanta first to voltage driven Andreev states and then to extended quasiparticle electronic states. Our analysis, which is performed for a nanowire in the form of a metallic carbon nanotube and in the framework of the density matrix formalism, shows that such self-cooling is possible down to a level where the average occupation number of the lowest flexural vibration mode of the nanowire is sim0.1\sim 0.1sim0.1.

Nano Letters, 2005

We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotu... more We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotubes when a current is injected into the tubes using a scanning tunneling microscope. We show that a shuttle-like electromechanical instability can occur if the bias voltage exceeds a dissipation-dependent threshold value. An instability results in large amplitude vibrations of the carbon nanotube bending mode, which modify the current-voltage characteristics of the system.

2011 21st International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations, 2011

We consider a doubly clamped suspended metallic carbon nanotube in which extra charge is injected... more We consider a doubly clamped suspended metallic carbon nanotube in which extra charge is injected from the tipof a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Our analysis shows that the quantum superposition between the different inelastic electronic tunneling paths can be controlled by the bias voltage. In particular, we find that below Coulomb blockade threshold the vibron emission induced by thermally activated

Physical Review Letters, 2011

We demonstrate that a suspended nanowire forming a weak link between two superconductors can be c... more We demonstrate that a suspended nanowire forming a weak link between two superconductors can be cooled to its motional ground state by a supercurrent flow. The predicted cooling mechanism has its origins in magnetic field induced inelastic tunneling of the macroscopic superconducting phase associated with the junction. Furthermore, we show the voltage-drop over the junction is proportional to the average population of the vibrational modes in the stationary regime, a phenomena which can be used to probe the level of cooling. 85.25.Cp, 85.85.+j Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are fast approaching the limits set by quantum mechanics . Achieving such conditions requires that the mechanical subsystem can be brought into, and detected, in its quantum mechanical ground state. In general this condition demands that an energy quanta associated with the mechanical motion is much larger than the energy associated with the thermal environment. For an oscillator with a mechanical frequency of 100 MHz this implies temperatures as low as a few mK. However, using oscillators with higher mechanical frequencies the quantum limit can be reached, as recently demonstrated by O'Connell et al. [4].

Physical Review Letters, 2010

We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a su... more We consider a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction, where a suspended nanowire serves as a superconducting weak link, and show that an applied DC bias voltage can result in suppression of the flexural vibrations of the wire. This cooling effect is achieved through the transfer of vibronic energy quanta first to voltage driven Andreev states and then to extended quasiparticle electronic states. Our analysis, which is performed for a nanowire in the form of a metallic carbon nanotube and in the framework of the density matrix formalism, shows that such self-cooling is possible down to the ground state of the flexural vibration mode of the nanowire.

Physical Review B, 2005

... 235424 2005 Giant field effect in self-assembled metallo-organic nanoscale networks Mohammad ... more ... 235424 2005 Giant field effect in self-assembled metallo-organic nanoscale networks Mohammad S. Kabir, Andrey V. Danilov,1 Leonid Y. Gorelik,2 Robert I. Shekhter,2 Mathias Brust,3 ... 3 CP Collier, RJ Saykally, JJ Shiang, SE Henrichs, and JR Heath, Science 277, 1978 1997 . ...

Physical Review B, 2013

We investigate theoretically the dynamics of a spatially symmetric shuttle-system subjected to an... more We investigate theoretically the dynamics of a spatially symmetric shuttle-system subjected to an ac gate voltage. We demonstrate that in such a system parametric excitation gives rise to mechanical vibrations when the frequency of the ac signal is close to the eigenfrequency of the mechanical subsystem. These mechanical oscillations result in a dc shuttle current in a certain direction due to spontaneous symmetry breaking. The direction of the current is defined by the phase shift between the ac gate voltage and the parametrically excited mechanical oscillations. Dependance of the shuttle current on the dc gate voltage is also analyzed. arXiv:1212.1035v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]

Physical Review B, 2008

We demonstrate that a supercurrent can pump energy from a battery that provides a voltage bias in... more We demonstrate that a supercurrent can pump energy from a battery that provides a voltage bias into nanomechanical vibrations. Using a device containing a nanowire Josephson weak link as an example we show that a nonlinear coupling between the supercurrent and a static external magnetic field leads to a Lorentz force that excites bending vibrations of the wire at resonance conditions. We also demonstrate the possibility to achieve more than one regime of stationary nonlinear vibrations and how to detect them via the associated dc Josephson currents and we discuss possible applications of such a multistable nanoelectromechanical dynamics.

New Journal of Physics, 2014

We investigate instability and dynamical properties of nanoelectromechanical systems represented ... more We investigate instability and dynamical properties of nanoelectromechanical systems represented by a single-electron device containing movable quantum dot attached to a vibrating cantilever via asymmetric tunnel contact. The Kondo resonance in electron tunneling between source and shuttle facilitates self-sustained oscillations originated from strong coupling of mechanical and electronic/spin degrees of freedom. We analyze stability diagram for two-channel Kondo shuttling regime due to limitations given by the electromotive force acting on a moving shuttle and find that the saturation amplitude of oscillation is associated with the retardation effect of Kondo-cloud. The results shed light on possible ways of experimental realization of

Nano Letters, 2005

We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotu... more We have theoretically investigated electromechanical properties of freely suspended carbon nanotubes when a current is injected into the tubes using a scanning tunneling microscope. We show that a shuttle-like electromechanical instability can occur if the bias voltage exceeds a dissipationdependent threshold value. An instability results in large amplitude vibrations of the carbon nanotube bending mode, which modify the current-voltage characteristics of the system.

Low Temperature Physics, 2009

Strong coupling between electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom is a basic requirement for t... more Strong coupling between electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom is a basic requirement for the operation of any nanoelectromechanical device. In this Review we consider such devices and in particular investigate the properties of small tunnel-junction nanostructures that contain a movable element in the form of a suspended nanowire. In these systems, electrical current and charge can be concentrated to small spatial volumes resulting in strong coupling between the mechanics and the charge transport. As a result, a variety of mesoscopic phenomena appear, which can be used for the transduction of electrical currents into mechanical operation. Here we will in particular consider nanoelectromechanical dynamics far from equilibrium and the effect of quantum coherence in both the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom in the context of both normal and superconducting nanostructures.

Comptes Rendus Physique, 2012

ABSTRACT In this review we discuss how the nano-electro-mechanical properties of a superconductin... more ABSTRACT In this review we discuss how the nano-electro-mechanical properties of a superconducting weak link, formed by a suspended nanowire bridging two superconductors, can strongly affect mesoscopic effects in both the electronic and the mechanical subsystem. In particular we will discuss how quantum coherence and electron–electron (Coulomb) correlations may result in the possibility to resonantly redistribute energy between the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom, allowing controllable switching between pumping and cooling of the nano-mechanical vibrations of the suspended nanowire. The two regimes of a given current and a given voltage supplied to the nano-electro-mechanical weak link is considered, resulting respectively in the possibility of ground-state cooling or resonant generation of nano-mechanical vibrations for realistic experimental parameters.RésuméDans cet article nous décrivons comment les propriétés nano-électromécaniques dʼune connexion faible formée par un nanofil suspendu entre deux supreconducteurs, peut fortement affecter les effets mésoscopiques dans le sous-système électronique comme dans le sous-système. Nous décrirons en particulier comment la cohérence quantique et les corrélations de Coulomb entre électrons peuvent rendre possible une redistribution résonante de lʼénergie entre les degrés de liberté électroniques et mécaniques, permettant dʼalterner de façon contrôlée le pompage et le refroidissement des vibrations nano-mécaniques du nanofil. On considère deux régimes dans lesquels on fixe soit le courant, soit la tension agissant sur la connexion nano-électromécanique, le résultat étant respectivement un refroidissement dans lʼétat fondamental ou la génération résonante de vibrations nano-mécaniques, obtenus pour des paramètres expérimentaux réaliste.