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Papers by fitri hadiah

Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

Komoditas kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan yang memberikan kontribusi besar bagi penda... more Komoditas kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan yang memberikan kontribusi besar bagi pendapatan nasional. Tanaman kopi selain menghasilkan produk utama berupa biji kopi juga menghasilkan limbah berupa batang dan kulit buah kopi yang memiliki potensi bahan untuk pembuatan asap cair untuk pengganti pestisida sintetik dan penggumpal lateks. Pelaksanaan kegiatan edukasi dan pelatihan pemanfaatan limbah tanaman kopi menjadi asap cair sebagai bahan pestisida sebagai bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat Desa Karang Tanding menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang produk ekonomis yang berasal dari limbah tanaman kopi. Kegiatan ini disambut oleh 1.146 orang yang mayoritas mata pencahariannya di sektor perkebunan. Pemanfaatan limbah kopi melibatkan masyarakat dan mahasiswa termasuk penyiapan materi dan pengolahan lanjutan dengan protokol COVID-19 yang direkomendasikan. Kegiatan selanjutnya merupakan sosialisasi penggunaan alat yang diikuti Â± 20 masyarakat deng...

Emerging Science Journal

Biodiesel production using novel glycerol and potassium carbonate-based catalysts has not been de... more Biodiesel production using novel glycerol and potassium carbonate-based catalysts has not been developed under the Taguchi technique. This study aims to determine the most influential parameter in biodiesel production from refined bleach-deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) using DES K2CO3-Glycerol as the novel catalyst. The raw material was subjected to transesterification at the desired reaction parameters estimated by the orthogonal 16-run (L16) approach with 2 levels and 4 factors of the Taguchi technique. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and ANOVA were used to confirm the predicted value. From the results, the catalyst is the most influential variable in the TG value of biodiesel, placed in the first rank of the influence factor. Biodiesel production with a minimum total glycerol value (0.210%) using DES K2CO3-Glycerol as a catalyst is most optimally produced at 95 °C for 4 h and 400 rpm using 30 wt% methanol and 4 wt% catalysts achieved by the Taguchi technique. The biodiesel obtained from ...

Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences

Acid mine drainage has become a serious problem globally, polluting groundwater with heavy metals... more Acid mine drainage has become a serious problem globally, polluting groundwater with heavy metals. Adsorption is considered a simple and effective approach to addressing this emerging issue. A commonly used adsorbent is powdered activated carbon (PAC), but this is susceptible to being washed into the waste stream, either during or after the adsorption process due to its low density. This research combined PAC with clay that was molded into small clay balls (~1 cm in diameter) then baked at a very high temperature of 1000 °C to create a ceramic adsorbent. The adsorbent activation used NaOH 48% alkali solution to improve its capability in binding metallic cations. This research demonstrated that the PAC-ceramic composite is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Fe (iron) and Al (aluminum) cations from acid mine drainage. The results showed that the most favorable contaminant removal was 60.87% for Fe and 52.13% for Al, using a PAC:clay ratio of 45:55 (w/w) in 10 hours contact time.

Catalysts

Zr-containing SiO2 and their parent catalysts were fabricated with different methods using EDTA c... more Zr-containing SiO2 and their parent catalysts were fabricated with different methods using EDTA chelation and template-assist. The activity of the catalysts was explored in crude palm oil (CPO) hydrocracking, conducted under a continuous system micro-cylindrical reactor. The conversion features and the selectivity towards biofuel products were also examined. The physicochemical of catalysts, such as structure phase, functional groups, surface morphologies, acidity features, and particle size, were investigated. The study showed that the template method promoted the crystalline porous catalysts, whereas the chelate method initiated the non-porous structure. The catalysts’ acidity features of SiO2 and SiO2/Zr were affected by the preparation, which revealed that the EDTA chelate-assisted method provided higher acidity features compared with the template method. The CPO hydrocracking study showed that the SiO2/Zr-CEDTA provided the highest catalytic activity towards the hydrocracking p...

RSC Advances

In this study, bentonite modified by zirconium nitride (ZrN) and zirconium phosphide (ZrP) cataly... more In this study, bentonite modified by zirconium nitride (ZrN) and zirconium phosphide (ZrP) catalysts was studied in the hydrocracking of crude palm oil to biofuels.

Materials Today: Proceedings

Journal of Ecological Engineering

Biodiesel is currently preferred for consumption and has been widely used as a substitute for die... more Biodiesel is currently preferred for consumption and has been widely used as a substitute for diesel. This study aimed to determine the effect of various methanol-to-oil ratios in the esterification process and also the effect of hydrotalcite catalyst weight on the transesterification product. The catalyst was characterized with SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TG-DTG-DTA. The esterification process was operated at various oil-to-methanol ratios, i.e., 1:12-1:36 and the transesterification was performed using several catalyst weights, 0.5%-2.5%. The results showed that the optimum conditions of esterification were at the 1:30 molar ratio of oil-to-methanol, which decreased the amount of acid number by 95.75%, while the optimum condition of transesterification was at 1.5% catalyst weight. The characteristics of biodiesel using 0.5-2% hydrotalcite catalyst (acid number, total glycerol, free glycerol, ester levels, viscosity, density, oxidation stability) have met the Indonesian biodiesel standard of SNI-04-7182-2012.

IJAR - Indian Journal of Applied Research, 2020

Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 2022

Air limbah laboratorium seharusnya tidak dibuang langsung ke lingkungan tanpa pengolahan lebih la... more Air limbah laboratorium seharusnya tidak dibuang langsung ke lingkungan tanpa pengolahan lebih lanjut. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan yang dampaknya juga dirasakan oleh makhluk hidup di sekitarnya. Bahan yang terkandung dalam air limbah laboratorium tergolong limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3) yang mengandung bahan organik dan anorganik seperti Cd, Pb, Cu, Hg, Cr, Zn, Fe, dan logam berat lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mereduksi logam berat dalam air limbah laboratorium dengan metode adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini difokuskan pada penurunan kadar logam berat Pb, Cu, dan Cd pada air limbah laboratorium dengan karbong aktif dan zeolit sintetik sebagai adsorben. Persentase penyisihan logam Pb terbesar dengan menggunakan karbon aktif sebesar 97,93% dicapai pada pH 7, sedangkan dengan menggunakan zeolit sintetik sebesar 98,47% yang dicapai pada pH 6. Persentase terbesar penyisihan logam Cu menggunakan karbon aktif menc...

Applications of fatty oils (triglycerides) in food industry and wax (candles) based on palm oil i... more Applications of fatty oils (triglycerides) in food industry and wax (candles) based on palm oil is dependent on the quality of color and color stability of the product (heat stability). Commercially, in addition to the desired color is more pale palm oil, palm oil quality parameters that are not less important is the stability of color. Heat Stability is an indication of the stability of the color of palm fatty oil after heating. The color change is likely to occur due to oxidation after the stage of the process such as hydrogenation, as it passes through stages of storage, transportation or other factors. Hydrogenation process aims to reduce the number of iodine (IV) which is an indication of a double bond or the saturation level of triglycerides in palm oil compounds. Hydrogenation is the process of termination or replacement carbon double bond group (unsaturated compounds) into a single bond carbon clusters (compound saturated) fat oil by reacting with hydrogen. The process of hy...

Atlantis Highlights in Engineering, 2021

The crisis of energy reserves in Indonesia, especially in petroleum and high plastic waste usage,... more The crisis of energy reserves in Indonesia, especially in petroleum and high plastic waste usage, causes a very worrying problem in Indonesia. One way to overcome this problem is to process plastic waste into alternative liquid fuels. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and the effect of HDPE and PP plastic waste composition on the pyrolysis process using Cu-Al2O3 catalysts, as well as to determine the characteristics of the liquid fuel produced, namely density, flash point, heating value, viscosity and hydrocarbon compound content. This research was conducted by pyrolysis method at temperature of 250 o C, 300 o C, 350 o C, and 400 o C and mixtures of HDPE and PP plastic types of 0:100, 30:70, 50:50, 70:30, and 100:0. Liquid fuels approaching the standard premium type fuel is a mixture of HDPE:PP plastic types with a ratio of 50:50 at a temperature of 300 o C with a viscosity of 1.1872 mm 2 /s, calorific value of 10213.0953 cal/gr, density of 0.7880 gr/ml, flash point 32,7°C and GC-MS results show the content of hydrocarbon with a value of C9-C16.

Coal is a fossil energy source that is widely used as a soild fuel in many sectors. The developme... more Coal is a fossil energy source that is widely used as a soild fuel in many sectors. The development of indirect coal liquefaction technology is one type of technology used to convert coal into a liquid fuel product in the form of coal oil with characteristics resemble petroleum fuels. Coal oil production can be an alternative fuel source for future energy needs. In this study, the indirect liquefaction process of coal (calorific value = 6400 kcal/kg) was done in the fluidized bed reactor by heating the reactor with an electric furnace, where the process took place at temperature 350 o C - 500 o C and the catalyst weight was varied into 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Air with a flow rate 2 LPM is flowed during the process and the lenght of the process was 60 minutes. From this research, the best characteristics of coal oil produced at a temperature of 400 o C - 450 o C with a catalyst weight of 15%. The characteristics of the coal oil obtained have a density of 0.852 g / cm 3 , specific gravi...

Teknologi yanga sudha dikenal dalam proses pembuatan Bioidesel adalah proses reaksi esterifikasi ... more Teknologi yanga sudha dikenal dalam proses pembuatan Bioidesel adalah proses reaksi esterifikasi dan transesterifikasi. Dari beberapa referensi baik nasional maupun internasional menyatkan bahwa biasanya reaksi esterifikasi dilakukan bila persen FFA dalam bahan baku minyak nabati lebihbesar dari 2%. Bila kandungan persen FFA lebih kecil dari 2% maka dilakukan proses transesterifikasi. Pada penelitian ini dicoba untuk menganalis bagaimana perubahan persen FFA yang terjadi pada setiap tahapan masing-masing reaksi menggunakan bahan baku CPO standar dengan persen FFA awal adalah 4,45%.

Bimetallic Ag-Ni on SiO2 prepared by precipitation was used as catalyst for kapok seed oil hydrog... more Bimetallic Ag-Ni on SiO2 prepared by precipitation was used as catalyst for kapok seed oil hydrogenation. The catalytic-transfer hydrogenation (CTH) was performed in a batch reactor at 76C, catalysts loadings of 1-4%w, using potassium formate as hydrogen donor. The best condition for kapok seed hydrogenation is at 76 C temperature, 16 hours reaction time, with 1% catalyst, 10 M potassium formate, and 2:1 ratio of potassium formate to the double bond. CTH using higher concentration of potassium formate could eliminate almost all of the cyclopropenoid acid. The bimetallic Ag-Ni catalyst is proposed as a promising candidate for selective edible

Based on the pulp refinery data on October 2020, the total average of lignin content in the diges... more Based on the pulp refinery data on October 2020, the total average of lignin content in the digester was about 20.5%. This high amount of lignin during the pulping process was due to the non-uniformity mixing between white liquor and lignin. Therefore, the objective of this research was to simulate delignification process in digester with two inlets white liquor using CFD Ansys 19.2. The various NaOH concentrations (16%-22%) and operating temperatures (151C-160C) were also investigated. The simulation results using CFD Ansys Fluent 19.2 showed the optimum condition of the remaining lignin of 16.7% obtained at NaOH 14 g/l and the temperature of 151C, which was lower than the actual data (20.7%)Data obtained from the simulation results can be used to analyze several aspects such as mass fraction of each compound, temperature distributions, velocity profile, and vector. CFD simulations can be used by researchers as a guide for experiment.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019

The bark of Acacia mangium is lignocellulosic biomass from waste pulp which can be recovered by m... more The bark of Acacia mangium is lignocellulosic biomass from waste pulp which can be recovered by means of hydrolyse to produce simple sugar called glucose. To produce glucose, there are two stages of the process performed is process using solvent delignification NaOH and KOH. The parameters analyzed were the biomass with a solvent ratio (1:6, 1:8, 1:10, 1:12). The second stage cellulose is then hydrolyzed to see the influence of sulfuric acid concentration of the resulting glucose content (0.1; 0.25; 0.40; 0.55% (v/v)).Lignin removal efficiency using NaOH and KOH solvent that is almost equal to 62.39%. Decrease hemicellulose using KOH solvent (36%) are more efficient than solvent only 29.3% NaOH. Efficiency increased levels of cellulose using NaOH or KOH solvent almost equal approximately 85.5%, but with KOH the lower alkaline properties provide a more stable rise. Solvent delignification process with NaOH provide large enough glucose content at a ratio of 1: 6 and 1: 8 with sulfuric...

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018

Material compatibility is still one of the serious problems in the application of biodiesel on di... more Material compatibility is still one of the serious problems in the application of biodiesel on diesel engine. One of the main causes of the problem is related to the flow-ability and filterability of biodiesel. Due to its physical and flow properties, biodiesel potentially caused a blockage in the filter higher than petro-diesel. The profile and mechanism of filter clogging or blockage due to the use of to biodiesel and the blends are investigated in the present work. Typical fuel oil filter used is a cartridge with media made from porous synthetic materials. Biodiesel used in this work is palm oil-based which is applied purely and in the blends of petro-diesel with composition of 20:80 (B20). It was tested in on boiler fuel system. Fuel passed on the system through the filter with a contact time of 3500 hours. The filter media is also observed by immersing it in B20 and B100 in the same time period. The result showed that the filter contacted to biodiesel was clogged faster than diesel oil (B0). On endoscopy microscope image, the filter media surface was clearly degraded. It shown that the pores of filter media are mostly covered by oil sludge. The filter blocking tendency (FBT) value is used to predict filter clogging time limit. In this work, the use of B20 performing FBT in ranges from 1.51-1.84, whereas the use of B100 ranges of 1.58-2.42 in a contact period of 3500 hours.. The premature blockage was occurred in filter media contacted to B100, and a filter replacement is then required to conduct before 8 months. There is a significant relationship between the moisture content of biodiesel on the rate and characteristics of the filter clogging.

Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry, 2020

Article http://ijfac.unsri.ac.id 5 9 Article Info

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

The environmental pollution caused by the waste and the strict regulations of waste were currentl... more The environmental pollution caused by the waste and the strict regulations of waste were currently a major concern for industries, such as the palm oil industry. Constraints experienced today are the difficulty of degradation process of the waste due to the high quantity and the content of contaminants in the waste. One of the efforts that can be prepared to reduce the negative impact is by using the waste as a raw material for biodiesel. Among the potential wastes to become a raw material for making the biodiesel is the wastewater from the cooling pond as a part of the wastewater treatment in palm oil industry. The objectives of this research are to study the process of oil separation from wastewater cooling pond by liquid-liquid extraction method to recover oil and use it as a raw material for making biodiesel. Extraction was carried out at room temperature. The solvent type, wastewater sample to solvent ratio, and extraction time were varied. Based on the results, the highest oil...