sahar hammouda - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by sahar hammouda

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sep 1, 2014

PLOS ONE

Recent data regarding the prevalence and determinants of undiagnosed hypertension in Saudi Arabia... more Recent data regarding the prevalence and determinants of undiagnosed hypertension in Saudi Arabia are particularly lacking. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and to identify potential associates of hypertension risk among adults in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. Cross-sectional data for 489 Saudi adults were collected from public places in the cities of Madinah and Jeddah. Demographic, anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference), and blood pressure (assessed by a digital sphygmomanometer) data were collected from all participants during face-to-face interviews. The American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association guidelines were used to evaluate blood pressure status. Sodium intake was assessed using a semi-validated food frequency questionnaire. The prevalence of undiagnosed, elevated blood pressure, stage I, or stage II hypertension was 9.82%, 39.5%, and 17.2%, respectively. The proportions of individuals with und...

Mağallaẗ Dirāsāt wa Buḥūṯ Al-Tarbiyyaẗ Al-Nawʿiyyaẗ, 2017

Autism is a neuro developmental condition of unknown etiology which is usually diagnosed in the f... more Autism is a neuro developmental condition of unknown etiology which is usually diagnosed in the first 3 years of life. Several studies have linked with reduced intake of some nutrients with autism and autism spectrum disorders. To identify nutritional risk factors that predispose to autism among preschool and school children living in Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah. Thirty children with autism/autism spectrum disorders (AU/ASD), 2-12 years old and thirty six matched control children were compared as regards BMI and food intake, using 24 hour recall and food frequency questionnaire. Children with AU/ASD consumed similar amount of energy, protein and many other nutrients, many of which were below the international recommendations for children at the same age group, both consumed significantly less omega-3 and iron than the control group. Children with ASD like the children in KSA consumed less than the recommended amount of certain nutrients from food. Autistic children suffer from more reduced intake of omeg-3 and iron, with limited intake of many food varieties could be linked to autism in susceptible children.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2019

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2020

Primary Care Diabetes, 2016

Primary Care Diabetes, 2015

Association between conventionally identified hyperglycemias and rates of congenital abnormalitie... more Association between conventionally identified hyperglycemias and rates of congenital abnormalities is known; however there is less information about role of HbA1c in determining gestational hyperglycemias and associated risks. This study tried to explore the association between HbA1c in women without known diabetes at first antenatal visit and risk of congenital malformations (CM) among Saudi women living at Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah. Eleven hundred and eighty (1180), healthy, first-trimester pregnant Saudi females without known diabetes, were selected from various antenatal care clinics of Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah city. General clinical and biochemical data was collected for this study by researchers at first visit and the time of delivery. Nearly one fifth (19.6%) of mothers had above normal HbA1c (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;5.7) at first visit. Rates of CM had significant positive association with level of HbA1c. Rate of CM among those who had HbA1c in diabetes range, pre-diabetes range or normal range was 27.8%, 9.8% and 3.0%, respectively. The difference was significant between normal and pre-diabetes at the level P=0.000 and between pre-diabetes and diabetes at level P=0.038. In this study HbA1c is found to be a valuable predictor of risk of congenital malformations. This observation calls for further studies and establishment of policies for care of pregnant mothers having higher than normal HbA1c at first visit.

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 2013

Background/Objectives: Various studies have linked vitamin deficiencies in early pregnancy with b... more Background/Objectives: Various studies have linked vitamin deficiencies in early pregnancy with birth defects. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between micronutrient deficiency and congenital malformations (CM). Subjects and Methods: There were 1,180 healthy, first-trimester pregnant Saudi-Arabian females selected from the antenatal care clinics of two hospitals and 21 health care centers located all over the city. Their full medical history, clinical examination, anthropometry, and various laboratory analyses were completed. Results: Forty-eight infants were born with CM. The serum concentrations of the analyzed nutrients (selenium, zinc, magnesium, and vitamins A, E, B12, and folic acid) were significantly lower in mothers of infants with CM compared to the mothers of infants without CM. In comparison, the serum totals of homocysteine (tHcy) levels were significantly higher among the CM group. Conclusion: This study highlights the association of CM with...

Nutrients

Data regarding association between the use of plastics with hot food and levels of vitamins and m... more Data regarding association between the use of plastics with hot food and levels of vitamins and minerals, and other biochemical parameters are lacking. Cross-sectional data for 740 healthy pregnant Saudi women were collected from 21 health care centres and 2 hospitals from Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Detailed data regarding the frequency of plastic use with hot food were collected, and laboratory analyses of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), homocysteine (HCY), glycated A1C (A1C), and selected vitamins and minerals were also done. Daily use of plastics with hot food was frequently reported among young mothers (p = 0.002). Plastic use with hot food on a daily basis was positively associated with TSH, HCY, and A1C, while it was negatively associated with concentrations of vitamin E, zinc, and selenium. Future research should address the complex hormonal and metabolic abnormalities that are linked to the release of certain components associated with the use of plastics with hot food. Inter...

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Existing evidence suggest that low concentrations of vitamin A and E may have a contr... more Background: Existing evidence suggest that low concentrations of vitamin A and E may have a contribution to the development of diabetes complications; however, data regarding the status of vitamin A and E among individuals with prediabetes are lacking. This study aimed to examine the association of plasma concentrations of vitamin A and E with the glycemic control status among first trimester pregnant Saudi women. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1102 first trimester pregnant Saudi women were recruited from antenatal clinics. Sociodemographic and anthropometric information were collected, and laboratory analyses of blood glycated hemoglobin (A1C) and plasma vitamins A and E were performed. Subjects were classified as normoglycemic, prediabetic, or undiagnosed diabetic. Multinomial regression models adjusted for age estimated the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and [95% confidence intervals (CIs)]. Results: Among the sample, 78.8% (n = 868) had normal glycemic control, while 19.1% (n = 211) had prediabetes and 2.1% (n = 23) had undiagnosed diabetes. Plasma concentrations of vitamin A and E of prediabetic participants were at a level midway between that of normoglycemic and diabetic participants (p < 0.01). Compared to subjects with normoglycemic status, those with higher concentrations of vitamin A and E had lower odds of being prediabetic (aOR = 0.27 [0.21-0.35] and aOR = 0.95 [0.94-0.96], respectively) or diabetic (aOR = 0.18 [0.13-0.24] and aOR = 0.93 [0.92-0.94], respectively). Conclusions: Our findings indicate a possible contribution of vitamins A and E to the progression of prediabetes to diabetes. Future longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the association between the antioxidant status and dysglycemia. Clinicians should monitor the glycemic and the antioxidant status closely and provide dietary guidance where needed.

Endocrinology & Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was found to be a valuable predictor of the risk of c... more Background: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was found to be a valuable predictor of the risk of congenital malformations. Other studies documented diabetic complications in subjects with HbA1c at the pre-diabetic levels. Objectives: This study was done to compare serum levels of zinc, magnesium and selenium between pregnant women with normal glycemic control, diabetes and pre-diabetes. Subjects/Methods: The data was part of a large prospective cohort study aimed at identifying some preventable risk factors that cause congenital malformations among Saudi women. 1103 healthy first trimester pregnant were randomly selected from antenatal clinics in twenty one health care centers and two hospitals at Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, KSA. Clinical history, examination and lab analysis were done (serum levels of magnesium, zinc, selenium, and HbA1c). Subjects were classified by their HbA1c levels as normal (HbA1c<5.7%), pre-diabetic (HbA1c 5.7<6.5%), and undiagnosed type 2 diabetics (HbA1c≥6.5%), comparison in the lab results was done between the groups. Results: About 78. 9% (870 subjects) had normal HbA1c, 19.1% (211 subjects) had HbA1c in the range of prediabetes and 1.99% (22 subjects) had HbA1c>6.5% denoting undiagnosed type 2 diabetes Serum levels of nutrients were significantly lower among pre-diabetics compared to normal subjects, same results were obtained when comparing diabetics and pre-diabetics and diabetics and normal subjects. There was a significant negative correlation between the levels of HbA1c and zinc, magnesium and selenium. Conclusion and Recommendations: Changes in serum levels of zinc, magnesium and selenium occurs at the pre-diabetic stage and precedes the development of diabetes & may be responsible for medical complications that are recently reported at this stage. Studies should be done for re-establishment of safe target levels of HbA1c.