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Papers by abida hassan
Global economics review, Mar 30, 2023
Global legal studies review, Jun 29, 2023
Global legal studies review, Mar 29, 2023
Global Legal Studies Review
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a solution to cater for a load of cases from ordinary cou... more Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a solution to cater for a load of cases from ordinary courts. The commercialization of the whole world in recent years demands a parallel system for the resolution of disputes in a speedy and less costly manner. Therefore, legislation of different countries working on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is more focused on arbitration. This article explains how factors of neutrality and confidentially in arbitration proceedings enhanced its demand in recent decades for the resolution of conflicts between private parties and state-to-state as well. Due to the narrow grounds of appeal against the award of arbitrators and a broader scope of enforcement of the award, parties are more comfortable in settling their disputes through arbitration. Notwithstanding, third-world countries, including Pakistan, are reluctant to legislate laws on ADR, especially regarding arbitration, that should be focused to build confidence among national and internationa...
Journal of Law & Social Studies
Racism is as old as human history. It gives rise to different shapes such as race, caste, color, ... more Racism is as old as human history. It gives rise to different shapes such as race, caste, color, creed, nationality and origin. Ancient philosophers, namely, Aristotle, Rousseau, Hobbes and Locke have been against racism and supported humanity. Discrimination against humanity is a dark chapter for human rights. Art 1(3) of UN declaration presents to accomplish global collaboration by promoting and encouraging reverence for all human freedoms and rights devoid of difference as to race, sex, language or religion. Art 2 of UDHR speaks that “every person is entitled for all the rights and liberties mentioned in this declaration, without any sorts of distinction.’ 20th Century witnessed the abolition of slavery and trafficking of men in all forms. All the constitutions of the world have provisions of fundamental human rights without any discrimination and distinction, more than that, the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as well as his Last Sermon are the sources o...
The Scholar Islamic Academic Research Journal
The present study discusses the concept of Qawamah (leadership in the family), in modern society ... more The present study discusses the concept of Qawamah (leadership in the family), in modern society and its legal discourse. The term ‘Qawamah’ which means males are protectors of females and they are also responsible to provide a peaceful environment in society. Family Law has been subject to a far greater degree of codification. This topic has been under discussion in different times and this research scans gender (husband and wife) roles and codification of family laws in Pakistan as a trail for protecting the rights of women as well as men. The conception of guardianship has provided the basis of gender (husband and wife) roles in Muslim societies. Women are often expected to be submissive and loyal wives and mothers, living within the family, and men are normally taken as to be defenders and custodians of the family. The fairness of this system lies in the fact that Allah favored the man with the necessary abilities and services for the 'guardianship' and also handed over ...
Journal of law and social studies, Mar 31, 2022
The topic under discussion is significant in nature as now a days human trafficking is very commo... more The topic under discussion is significant in nature as now a days human trafficking is very common due to various reasons. The researcher during study and research has determined that unemployment and unawareness are the main reasons for human trafficking. Further, it has been noted that the legislation is in existence but its proper implementation is weak in the said countries which is another cause for illegal human trafficking practices, if the implementation of laws be ensured and implemented strictly then human trafficking can be reduced up to some extent. Next is that awareness campaign can be useful for reduction of these activities people will be more conscious for taking decision before leaving their countries and step into another country. This paper focuses on minimizing the chances of human trafficking in Pakistan, Rusia and China through proper legislation and its implementation.
Habibia Islamicus (The International Journal of Arabic and Islamic Research), Jun 10, 2020
Journal of Law & Social Studies, 2021
This article discovers by facilitating a brief recognition of Gender-based violence (hereinafter ... more This article discovers by facilitating a brief recognition of Gender-based violence (hereinafter GBV) and its impact in society as breach of human rights which administration is abandoning for years. It’s a misery for our country to lack in making good policies regarding gender disputes and social rights related to human beings. The article reconnoitres different behaviours in which women are being victimized, degree of violence, its effect on victims and society at large. The current investigation will also covers adequacy of prevailing laws for women’s safety; acquiescence by Government and to what extent Pakistan fulfils its legal pledge related to CEDAW? Moreover flaw existing in CEDAW and Pakistan’s current debate in parliament to have new regulations in this sphere is also being discussed. In the end, suggestions and recommendations are made for Government, United Nations and Global Community for applied purpose through which women can be provided legal safeguard.
Cogent Economics & Finance
To compare the gender difference in stress levels among students of medical and non- medical inst... more To compare the gender difference in stress levels among students of medical and non- medical institutions of Lahore.<br>This was a cross-sectional study conducted in medical students of Akhter Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore and non-medical students of Beacon House National University, Lahore from January 2018 to August 2018.<br>A sample of two hundred and ninety- one student was collected by non- probability consecutive sampling technique which includes one hundred and fifty medical students and one hundred and forty-one non- medical students. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 24. <br>To compare stress levels and gender differences in these levels, chi-square test was applied and p-value of less than and equal to 0.05 was fixed as significant.
Quality of health care services is a global affair. Effective quality health services are measure... more Quality of health care services is a global affair. Effective quality health services are measured for quality management in hospitals. Patient satisfaction is a major indicator to measure the quality management of hospitals. The main objective of this study is to assess gender difference in setisfection level of patients coming to tertiary health care facilities in Lahore
Biological Sciences - PJSIR, 2019
Wheat flour is the main cereal food consumed in Pakistan. Cereal industry and cereal based produc... more Wheat flour is the main cereal food consumed in Pakistan. Cereal industry and cereal based products have a great social and economic global impact. The present study aims to investigate the comparative nutritional composition, storage stability and microbiological quality of branded and unbranded whole wheat flours available in the local market of Lahore, Pakistan along with the assessment of impurity content. Nutritional composition (macro nutrients and iron content), microbiological quality (yeast and mould count) and possible impurity contents were determined using the standard methods. The results revealed that both branded and unbranded whole wheat showed satisfactory nutritional and storage quality, however, microbiological quality of branded whole wheat flour was better than unbranded whole wheat flour. Moreover, selected samples of branded whole wheat flour neither showed contamination nor presence of impurity. Ash content and microbial (yeast) count of some samples of unbranded whole wheat flour indicated contamination. However, overall results did not support presence of impurity content. Further research is required to determine the vitamin and mineral contents of branded and unbranded whole wheat flour to improve the nutritional quality of flour for combating malnutrition in Pakistan.
In any developed nation, the way law is implemented is a seen as a reflection of what the statute... more In any developed nation, the way law is implemented is a seen as a reflection of what the statute or article was intended for, since modern society is a complex blend of different societal layers, it is necessary to make distinctions based on certain criteria in order to satisfy the ulterior motive of law: to maintain peace and harmony in society. One such distinction is that between the law applicable to adults and that applicable to minors, or in legal terms, juveniles. Pakistan also shared its history of juvenile justice with India, up until its independence in 1947. Even then it took Pakistan fifty-three years to formulate a uniform piece of legislation for juveniles, and then another eighteen to update and revise it considerably. By virtue of the procedure of independence, Pakistan inherited a lot of laws that had been introduced by the British in the subcontinent during their rule. Several of these laws were oriented towards juveniles and the need for their separation from adu...
During intrinsic cholesterol formation 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) con... more During intrinsic cholesterol formation 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) converts HMGCoA to mevalonate, in biosynthetic cascade of cholesterol. Statins, competitive inhibitors of HMGCR, now-a-days commonly used to lower the blood-cholesterol level in the hyper-cholesterolemic patients. Lovastatin, one of the most potent natural statins, was produced from wild-type indigenous isolate Aspergillus terreus PU-PCSIR-1, through solid state fermentation (SSF). This study was carried out to investigate different parameters influencing lovastatin production such as pH, carbon source, nitrogen source and media components etc. Each parameter was investigated separately to optimize lovastatin production. Maximum yield of 2860mg/Kg of total lovastatin, comprising 1700 and 1160mg/Kg of hydroxy and lactone forms respectively, was achieved after incubating for 14 days, pH 5.5 and at 28°C. The integrity of biotechnologically-produced lovastatin was analyzed using high performanc...
Global Regional Review
This article highlights already working of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in existing laws ... more This article highlights already working of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in existing laws of Pakistan and mentions the provisions in which Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is already available in various federal as well as provincial laws of Pakistan, but unluckily has not been applied or followed properly and new legislations have been enacted. There is only a need to create awareness on the said topic. This article also points out the benefits of this system because it provides justice to people at their doorstep but also reduces the backlog of cases and lessens the burden on courts so that they can give genuine attention to matters serious in nature. There is a need to introduce this system at all levels, which will be beneficial not only for the legal system in particular but also for the social system in general. This article creates not only awareness but also identifies the weaknesses of the legal system in Pakistan and link them with the problems of this country; ...
The research article discusses the historical study for settlement of disputes under the umbrella... more The research article discusses the historical study for settlement of disputes under the umbrella of legal systems (formal and informal) prevailing in different civilizations and in various times. This research is briefly discussing the historical aspects of various legal systems in ancient times. This research highlights that human civilizations promoted both methods, but the most popular method was informal dispute resolution (ADR) in all over the world which still is needed and being popular day by day. From study, it has been founded that informal dispute resolution (ADR) has been the choice of people and they preferred to opt this process rather to go for litigation. The research has shown the benefits and importance of settlement of disputes through informal justice system. The study high lights that the system has been working very successfully in ancient times, therefore, this pre-tested process i.e., informal dispute resolution is more sustainable in any form than the forma...
Global Legal Studies Review
A lot of changes have been made in all departments of Pakistan as well as at the worldwide level,... more A lot of changes have been made in all departments of Pakistan as well as at the worldwide level, and such changes were necessary to be made for the smooth growth of departments and development of countries which ensured not only a good and trustworthy atmosphere but also improved the financial status of many countries. All these changes and developments were possible only with the participation of some developed countries. This article discusses the different aspects of management of the company, which should act in a crystal-clear manner for the benefit of the shareholders. However, when the shareholders are of the view that the management is not functioning according to law to fulfil their aspirations, they can resort to remedies, one of them being investigation. Well organized work can only be guaranteed by preventing monopolies and mismanagement from corporate sectors. It also highlights that how the investigation should be conducted by remaining in possible subsequent sources ...
Global Social Sciences Review
This article aims to provide information relating to Alternative Dispute Resolution (Informal Dis... more This article aims to provide information relating to Alternative Dispute Resolution (Informal Dispute Resolution) which is considered a new technique for the resolution of disputes in western countries. Still, from the study, it has been proven that it is not a new technique, and has been in practice in one form or other in different times and civilizations; it is a conversion to new title and system with some modification, but the aim is same as was in ancient time, i.e., the historical evolution of the system from Torah period to present time presents the whole picture of this system. The study highlighted both practices in ancient and present times which shows that the system has been working successfully in all the times. Therefore, it can be applied elsewhere in the world, so the researcher is of the view that this system is more sustainable in any form than the formal system because it reflects the friendly, amicable, long-lasting relationships between parties.
Global Social Sciences Review
The research aims to highlight and discuss the different modes of settlement of disputes in today... more The research aims to highlight and discuss the different modes of settlement of disputes in today�s populated and overcrowded societies. The research has shown that due to expensive, time consuming and rigid process of formal justice system (court litigation) USA, Australia, UK and even European Union countries have preferred informal justice system (Alternative Dispute Resolution) for disputants to opt for their solutions. The informal dispute resolution system (Alternative Dispute Resolution) prevailing in modern countries like USA, Australia and UK is full of benefits and most probably the main reason for their progress and development also, and the study has shown that the system is working successfully in these countries, therefore, it can be applied anywhere even in the developing countries as well because this system is more sustainable in any form than the formal justice system (court litigation).
Global economics review, Mar 30, 2023
Global legal studies review, Jun 29, 2023
Global legal studies review, Mar 29, 2023
Global Legal Studies Review
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a solution to cater for a load of cases from ordinary cou... more Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a solution to cater for a load of cases from ordinary courts. The commercialization of the whole world in recent years demands a parallel system for the resolution of disputes in a speedy and less costly manner. Therefore, legislation of different countries working on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is more focused on arbitration. This article explains how factors of neutrality and confidentially in arbitration proceedings enhanced its demand in recent decades for the resolution of conflicts between private parties and state-to-state as well. Due to the narrow grounds of appeal against the award of arbitrators and a broader scope of enforcement of the award, parties are more comfortable in settling their disputes through arbitration. Notwithstanding, third-world countries, including Pakistan, are reluctant to legislate laws on ADR, especially regarding arbitration, that should be focused to build confidence among national and internationa...
Journal of Law & Social Studies
Racism is as old as human history. It gives rise to different shapes such as race, caste, color, ... more Racism is as old as human history. It gives rise to different shapes such as race, caste, color, creed, nationality and origin. Ancient philosophers, namely, Aristotle, Rousseau, Hobbes and Locke have been against racism and supported humanity. Discrimination against humanity is a dark chapter for human rights. Art 1(3) of UN declaration presents to accomplish global collaboration by promoting and encouraging reverence for all human freedoms and rights devoid of difference as to race, sex, language or religion. Art 2 of UDHR speaks that “every person is entitled for all the rights and liberties mentioned in this declaration, without any sorts of distinction.’ 20th Century witnessed the abolition of slavery and trafficking of men in all forms. All the constitutions of the world have provisions of fundamental human rights without any discrimination and distinction, more than that, the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as well as his Last Sermon are the sources o...
The Scholar Islamic Academic Research Journal
The present study discusses the concept of Qawamah (leadership in the family), in modern society ... more The present study discusses the concept of Qawamah (leadership in the family), in modern society and its legal discourse. The term ‘Qawamah’ which means males are protectors of females and they are also responsible to provide a peaceful environment in society. Family Law has been subject to a far greater degree of codification. This topic has been under discussion in different times and this research scans gender (husband and wife) roles and codification of family laws in Pakistan as a trail for protecting the rights of women as well as men. The conception of guardianship has provided the basis of gender (husband and wife) roles in Muslim societies. Women are often expected to be submissive and loyal wives and mothers, living within the family, and men are normally taken as to be defenders and custodians of the family. The fairness of this system lies in the fact that Allah favored the man with the necessary abilities and services for the 'guardianship' and also handed over ...
Journal of law and social studies, Mar 31, 2022
The topic under discussion is significant in nature as now a days human trafficking is very commo... more The topic under discussion is significant in nature as now a days human trafficking is very common due to various reasons. The researcher during study and research has determined that unemployment and unawareness are the main reasons for human trafficking. Further, it has been noted that the legislation is in existence but its proper implementation is weak in the said countries which is another cause for illegal human trafficking practices, if the implementation of laws be ensured and implemented strictly then human trafficking can be reduced up to some extent. Next is that awareness campaign can be useful for reduction of these activities people will be more conscious for taking decision before leaving their countries and step into another country. This paper focuses on minimizing the chances of human trafficking in Pakistan, Rusia and China through proper legislation and its implementation.
Habibia Islamicus (The International Journal of Arabic and Islamic Research), Jun 10, 2020
Journal of Law & Social Studies, 2021
This article discovers by facilitating a brief recognition of Gender-based violence (hereinafter ... more This article discovers by facilitating a brief recognition of Gender-based violence (hereinafter GBV) and its impact in society as breach of human rights which administration is abandoning for years. It’s a misery for our country to lack in making good policies regarding gender disputes and social rights related to human beings. The article reconnoitres different behaviours in which women are being victimized, degree of violence, its effect on victims and society at large. The current investigation will also covers adequacy of prevailing laws for women’s safety; acquiescence by Government and to what extent Pakistan fulfils its legal pledge related to CEDAW? Moreover flaw existing in CEDAW and Pakistan’s current debate in parliament to have new regulations in this sphere is also being discussed. In the end, suggestions and recommendations are made for Government, United Nations and Global Community for applied purpose through which women can be provided legal safeguard.
Cogent Economics & Finance
To compare the gender difference in stress levels among students of medical and non- medical inst... more To compare the gender difference in stress levels among students of medical and non- medical institutions of Lahore.<br>This was a cross-sectional study conducted in medical students of Akhter Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore and non-medical students of Beacon House National University, Lahore from January 2018 to August 2018.<br>A sample of two hundred and ninety- one student was collected by non- probability consecutive sampling technique which includes one hundred and fifty medical students and one hundred and forty-one non- medical students. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 24. <br>To compare stress levels and gender differences in these levels, chi-square test was applied and p-value of less than and equal to 0.05 was fixed as significant.
Quality of health care services is a global affair. Effective quality health services are measure... more Quality of health care services is a global affair. Effective quality health services are measured for quality management in hospitals. Patient satisfaction is a major indicator to measure the quality management of hospitals. The main objective of this study is to assess gender difference in setisfection level of patients coming to tertiary health care facilities in Lahore
Biological Sciences - PJSIR, 2019
Wheat flour is the main cereal food consumed in Pakistan. Cereal industry and cereal based produc... more Wheat flour is the main cereal food consumed in Pakistan. Cereal industry and cereal based products have a great social and economic global impact. The present study aims to investigate the comparative nutritional composition, storage stability and microbiological quality of branded and unbranded whole wheat flours available in the local market of Lahore, Pakistan along with the assessment of impurity content. Nutritional composition (macro nutrients and iron content), microbiological quality (yeast and mould count) and possible impurity contents were determined using the standard methods. The results revealed that both branded and unbranded whole wheat showed satisfactory nutritional and storage quality, however, microbiological quality of branded whole wheat flour was better than unbranded whole wheat flour. Moreover, selected samples of branded whole wheat flour neither showed contamination nor presence of impurity. Ash content and microbial (yeast) count of some samples of unbranded whole wheat flour indicated contamination. However, overall results did not support presence of impurity content. Further research is required to determine the vitamin and mineral contents of branded and unbranded whole wheat flour to improve the nutritional quality of flour for combating malnutrition in Pakistan.
In any developed nation, the way law is implemented is a seen as a reflection of what the statute... more In any developed nation, the way law is implemented is a seen as a reflection of what the statute or article was intended for, since modern society is a complex blend of different societal layers, it is necessary to make distinctions based on certain criteria in order to satisfy the ulterior motive of law: to maintain peace and harmony in society. One such distinction is that between the law applicable to adults and that applicable to minors, or in legal terms, juveniles. Pakistan also shared its history of juvenile justice with India, up until its independence in 1947. Even then it took Pakistan fifty-three years to formulate a uniform piece of legislation for juveniles, and then another eighteen to update and revise it considerably. By virtue of the procedure of independence, Pakistan inherited a lot of laws that had been introduced by the British in the subcontinent during their rule. Several of these laws were oriented towards juveniles and the need for their separation from adu...
During intrinsic cholesterol formation 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) con... more During intrinsic cholesterol formation 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) converts HMGCoA to mevalonate, in biosynthetic cascade of cholesterol. Statins, competitive inhibitors of HMGCR, now-a-days commonly used to lower the blood-cholesterol level in the hyper-cholesterolemic patients. Lovastatin, one of the most potent natural statins, was produced from wild-type indigenous isolate Aspergillus terreus PU-PCSIR-1, through solid state fermentation (SSF). This study was carried out to investigate different parameters influencing lovastatin production such as pH, carbon source, nitrogen source and media components etc. Each parameter was investigated separately to optimize lovastatin production. Maximum yield of 2860mg/Kg of total lovastatin, comprising 1700 and 1160mg/Kg of hydroxy and lactone forms respectively, was achieved after incubating for 14 days, pH 5.5 and at 28°C. The integrity of biotechnologically-produced lovastatin was analyzed using high performanc...
Global Regional Review
This article highlights already working of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in existing laws ... more This article highlights already working of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in existing laws of Pakistan and mentions the provisions in which Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is already available in various federal as well as provincial laws of Pakistan, but unluckily has not been applied or followed properly and new legislations have been enacted. There is only a need to create awareness on the said topic. This article also points out the benefits of this system because it provides justice to people at their doorstep but also reduces the backlog of cases and lessens the burden on courts so that they can give genuine attention to matters serious in nature. There is a need to introduce this system at all levels, which will be beneficial not only for the legal system in particular but also for the social system in general. This article creates not only awareness but also identifies the weaknesses of the legal system in Pakistan and link them with the problems of this country; ...
The research article discusses the historical study for settlement of disputes under the umbrella... more The research article discusses the historical study for settlement of disputes under the umbrella of legal systems (formal and informal) prevailing in different civilizations and in various times. This research is briefly discussing the historical aspects of various legal systems in ancient times. This research highlights that human civilizations promoted both methods, but the most popular method was informal dispute resolution (ADR) in all over the world which still is needed and being popular day by day. From study, it has been founded that informal dispute resolution (ADR) has been the choice of people and they preferred to opt this process rather to go for litigation. The research has shown the benefits and importance of settlement of disputes through informal justice system. The study high lights that the system has been working very successfully in ancient times, therefore, this pre-tested process i.e., informal dispute resolution is more sustainable in any form than the forma...
Global Legal Studies Review
A lot of changes have been made in all departments of Pakistan as well as at the worldwide level,... more A lot of changes have been made in all departments of Pakistan as well as at the worldwide level, and such changes were necessary to be made for the smooth growth of departments and development of countries which ensured not only a good and trustworthy atmosphere but also improved the financial status of many countries. All these changes and developments were possible only with the participation of some developed countries. This article discusses the different aspects of management of the company, which should act in a crystal-clear manner for the benefit of the shareholders. However, when the shareholders are of the view that the management is not functioning according to law to fulfil their aspirations, they can resort to remedies, one of them being investigation. Well organized work can only be guaranteed by preventing monopolies and mismanagement from corporate sectors. It also highlights that how the investigation should be conducted by remaining in possible subsequent sources ...
Global Social Sciences Review
This article aims to provide information relating to Alternative Dispute Resolution (Informal Dis... more This article aims to provide information relating to Alternative Dispute Resolution (Informal Dispute Resolution) which is considered a new technique for the resolution of disputes in western countries. Still, from the study, it has been proven that it is not a new technique, and has been in practice in one form or other in different times and civilizations; it is a conversion to new title and system with some modification, but the aim is same as was in ancient time, i.e., the historical evolution of the system from Torah period to present time presents the whole picture of this system. The study highlighted both practices in ancient and present times which shows that the system has been working successfully in all the times. Therefore, it can be applied elsewhere in the world, so the researcher is of the view that this system is more sustainable in any form than the formal system because it reflects the friendly, amicable, long-lasting relationships between parties.
Global Social Sciences Review
The research aims to highlight and discuss the different modes of settlement of disputes in today... more The research aims to highlight and discuss the different modes of settlement of disputes in today�s populated and overcrowded societies. The research has shown that due to expensive, time consuming and rigid process of formal justice system (court litigation) USA, Australia, UK and even European Union countries have preferred informal justice system (Alternative Dispute Resolution) for disputants to opt for their solutions. The informal dispute resolution system (Alternative Dispute Resolution) prevailing in modern countries like USA, Australia and UK is full of benefits and most probably the main reason for their progress and development also, and the study has shown that the system is working successfully in these countries, therefore, it can be applied anywhere even in the developing countries as well because this system is more sustainable in any form than the formal justice system (court litigation).