tanveer hayat - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by tanveer hayat
The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts a... more The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official view or policies of the Federal Highway Administration or the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
Previous studies indicated that some drivers have a poor perception of safe speed and distance wh... more Previous studies indicated that some drivers have a poor perception of safe speed and distance when approaching a queue. This type of poor judgment is the major cause of rear-end vehicle collision, which is a primary type of multi-vehicle collision on freeways. A significant reduction of collisions is possible, if informative and timely warnings are provided to drivers to help adjust the speed before being very close to the queue. Current practices of queue warning only inform drivers about queue occurrence and the distance of the queue-end position from the message sign. Because it is difficult for some drivers to estimate the safe approaching speed, additional advisory information about the required speed is desirable. This paper presents the current state of the art and the practice to integrate the queue warning and variable speed limit systems to enhance traffic operation efficiency and improve system safety performance.
Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strat... more Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strategies emphasizing Information Technology (IT)-based intelligent vehicle and infrastructure, advanced control technology, and system integration to address the grand challenges in transportation systems, such as severe congestion, increased risk of traffic incidents, and traffic pollution. Connected Vehicle aims to facilitate better traffic operations through two-way wireless communication of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure. ATM is an operational approach for optimal performance of highway system through various advanced control strategies. Seamless integration of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies can generate significant benefits to optimize overall traffic system operations. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the state of the art and the practice of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies. The study findings are helpful to better understand their fundamental ...
With the emerging Connected Vehicles technologies that enable the transmission of high resolution... more With the emerging Connected Vehicles technologies that enable the transmission of high resolution vehicular data and advisory messages through wireless communications between vehicles and infrastructure, more opportunities to develop proactive approaches to address freeway merge conflict are becoming available. The Freeway Merge Assistance System takes advantages of this opportunity by providing personalized advisories to individual drivers to request small modifications to their vehicular control in order to support smoother system-level merging. One thing to note here is that the benefits anticipated from these strategies will completely depend on the advisory compliance of the drivers, which may be influenced by a variety of factors such as traffic conditions and the types of advisories provided. The purpose of this research is to investigate actual drivers’ responses to this new generation of personalized in-vehicle advisory messages provided by the freeway merge assistance syst...
Freeway congestion is a major problem of the transportation system, resulting in major economic l... more Freeway congestion is a major problem of the transportation system, resulting in major economic loss in terms of traffic delays and fuel costs. With connected vehicle (CV) technologies, more proactive traffic management strategies are possible. The Freeway Merge Assistance System (FMAS) can implement innovative ramp management strategies by providing personalized advisories to individual drivers to ensure smoother merging. The benefits anticipated from these strategies will completely depend on the advisory compliance of the drivers; this, in turn, will be influenced by situational as well as individual behavioral factors. The purpose of this research was to investigate drivers’ responses to this new generation of personalized in-vehicle advisory messages. A field test was conducted with naive human subjects to collect driver behavior data about different types of advisory messages under different traffic scenarios in a controlled environment. The data gathered from the field test i...
Freeway congestion is one of the most severe problems of the transportation system. Congestion ha... more Freeway congestion is one of the most severe problems of the transportation system. Congestion has resulted in the loss of billions of dollars in terms of delays and fuel consumption, among others. Among the many contributing factors, merging conflicts in freeway ramp areas have been identified as one of the major causes of congestion. Though different ramp management strategies have been implemented over the years, each of these strategies has been partially successful due to their limited real-time traffic data collection and information dissemination capabilities. perception-reaction time can be attributed to drivers becoming more cautious in making decision under relatively congested situation. Therefore, in the system design the variability of perceptionreaction time for diverse traffic conditions should be considered. Similar to compliance rate data, no significant difference was found in perception-reaction time between male and female drivers. On the other hand, older drivers were found having significantly higher perception-reaction times with a significant difference of 1.57 sec when compared with the youngest group of drivers. This relatively slow perception-reaction can be attributed to age-induced cognition and motor skill loss. However, actual lane changing time does not change much regardless of the traffic condition, gender and age; this indicates once a driver initiates a lane change, the required time to complete lane change is independent of the traffic condition. Another significant finding from the field testing was that drivers demonstrated better responses in terms of both compliance and perception-reaction times with a direct advisory messages, which gives clear and specific instruction. On the other hand, an indirect advisory message, which indirectly stimulate a driving action were found to be relatively less effective and efficient. The compliance data from field test show that direct advisories such as Merging control algorithm (84.8%) and Lane Changing advisory (84.3%) have higher compliance rates than the Variable Speed limit (63%) which provided indirect instructions to the participants. Perception reaction time was reduced by 1.30 sec (from 4.76 sec of variable speed limit to 3.46 sec of merging control) by providing most direct advisories. It is therefore recommended that developing and implementing an application that provides more direct advisory messages is desirable. In conclusion, the actual drivers' response data collected and presented in this research is one of the very first studies that directly investigates driver behavior in a cooperative CV mobility application. Given the significance of proper understanding of drivers' behavior in developing, evaluating, and deploying connected vehicle mobility applications, continuous effort should be made to gather actual drivers' behavior data which provides valuable insight in drivers' decision making process under connected-vehicle environment.
Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strat... more Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strategies emphasizing Information Technology (IT)-based intelligent vehicle and infrastructure, advanced control technology, and system integration to address the grand challenges in transportation systems, such as severe congestion, increased risk of traffic incidents, and traffic pollution. Connected Vehicle aims to facilitate better traffic operations through two-way wireless communication of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure. ATM is an operational approach for optimal performance of highway system through various advanced control strategies. Seamless integration of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies can generate significant benefits to optimize overall traffic system operations. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the state of the art and the practice of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies. The study findings are helpful to better understand their fundamental control and operation mechanisms, practical applications, system benefits, and operational challenges.
2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings, 2014
The Connected Vehicle enabled Freeway Merge Assistance system is developed by the University of V... more The Connected Vehicle enabled Freeway Merge Assistance system is developed by the University of Virginia Center for Transportation Studies, with the aim of reducing conflicts between merging vehicles in freeway ramp area. Initial simulation evaluation results showed that the merge assistance system has significant potential to increase capacity of freeway merge areas and reduce accidents by minimizing the number of conflicts between vehicles. As a next step of evaluation, a field test is conducted at a Connected Vehicle test bed to investigate drivers' response to the personalized advisories relayed by this system. This paper provides an overview of the field test methodology, system architecture, stated preference survey and presents preliminary results for this prototype freeway merge assistance system developed for the Connected Vehicle Environment. The revealed and stated preference data gathered will be used to develop an advisory response model that will incorporate drivers' response variability in the simulation evaluation framework of the freeway merge assistance system.
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2013
The potential effects of climate change on transportation infrastructure have been receiving atte... more The potential effects of climate change on transportation infrastructure have been receiving attention in recent years. An especially useful and increasingly common approach to investigating the potential effects of climate change on infrastructure is the use of geographic information systems (GISs) for risk analysis because climate change effects are likely to occur in conjunction with other geographically specific impacts such as storm surge and traffic operations, whose vulnerability can be most effectively quantified with GIS-based tools. To demonstrate the efficacy of these tools, a scenario-based risk analysis approach is presented: it investigates the effects of climate change on transportation infrastructure in Hampton Roads, Virginia. First, climate change effects in the study site are investigated to develop representative climate change scenarios. Then, a GIS-based evaluation of transportation infrastructure vulnerability to sea level rise and storm surge is formed by com...
Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1967
Findings of public opinion polls and surveys conducted for the President's Commission on Law... more Findings of public opinion polls and surveys conducted for the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice (hereinafter referred to as the National Crime Commission) suggest widespread belief that crime is increasing and has become a major problem. The crimes that people fear most are attacks on the person by a stranger, the least frequent occurrences. Fear of
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2016
Vehicular conflict is one of the major causes of congestion in freeway merge areas. With the emer... more Vehicular conflict is one of the major causes of congestion in freeway merge areas. With the emerging connected vehicle environment, more proactive strategies can be developed and implemented to improve merging operations with enhanced safety and mobility. The freeway merge assistance system, made possible with connected vehicles, ensures smoother merging through the early identification and dynamic notification of merging opportunities by advisory message. However, given that the effectiveness of this mobility application depends entirely on drivers’ responses to the advisory messages, a proper understanding of driver response to the new generation of dynamic advisory messages is a necessity. A detailed analysis of driver response time to advisory messages from the freeway merge assistance system was conducted on the basis of the data collected in a field test with 68 naive participants. The analysis results showed that the perception–reaction time increased as the available gap size decreased. An estimated 0.64-s difference was observed between cases with large and small gaps and implies varied perception–reaction times for various traffic conditions. Second, the perception–reaction time decreased as the advisory became more direct and proactive, with an observed 1.30-s decrease in perception–reaction time between the most direct and indirect advisories. It is therefore recommended that advisory messages should be direct and clear. The actual lane-changing time did not change much, regardless of advisory type or available gap size. The implications of these results are of significance in the design and implementation of connected vehicle–enabled mobility applications.
The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts a... more The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official view or policies of the Federal Highway Administration or the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
Previous studies indicated that some drivers have a poor perception of safe speed and distance wh... more Previous studies indicated that some drivers have a poor perception of safe speed and distance when approaching a queue. This type of poor judgment is the major cause of rear-end vehicle collision, which is a primary type of multi-vehicle collision on freeways. A significant reduction of collisions is possible, if informative and timely warnings are provided to drivers to help adjust the speed before being very close to the queue. Current practices of queue warning only inform drivers about queue occurrence and the distance of the queue-end position from the message sign. Because it is difficult for some drivers to estimate the safe approaching speed, additional advisory information about the required speed is desirable. This paper presents the current state of the art and the practice to integrate the queue warning and variable speed limit systems to enhance traffic operation efficiency and improve system safety performance.
Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strat... more Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strategies emphasizing Information Technology (IT)-based intelligent vehicle and infrastructure, advanced control technology, and system integration to address the grand challenges in transportation systems, such as severe congestion, increased risk of traffic incidents, and traffic pollution. Connected Vehicle aims to facilitate better traffic operations through two-way wireless communication of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure. ATM is an operational approach for optimal performance of highway system through various advanced control strategies. Seamless integration of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies can generate significant benefits to optimize overall traffic system operations. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the state of the art and the practice of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies. The study findings are helpful to better understand their fundamental ...
With the emerging Connected Vehicles technologies that enable the transmission of high resolution... more With the emerging Connected Vehicles technologies that enable the transmission of high resolution vehicular data and advisory messages through wireless communications between vehicles and infrastructure, more opportunities to develop proactive approaches to address freeway merge conflict are becoming available. The Freeway Merge Assistance System takes advantages of this opportunity by providing personalized advisories to individual drivers to request small modifications to their vehicular control in order to support smoother system-level merging. One thing to note here is that the benefits anticipated from these strategies will completely depend on the advisory compliance of the drivers, which may be influenced by a variety of factors such as traffic conditions and the types of advisories provided. The purpose of this research is to investigate actual drivers’ responses to this new generation of personalized in-vehicle advisory messages provided by the freeway merge assistance syst...
Freeway congestion is a major problem of the transportation system, resulting in major economic l... more Freeway congestion is a major problem of the transportation system, resulting in major economic loss in terms of traffic delays and fuel costs. With connected vehicle (CV) technologies, more proactive traffic management strategies are possible. The Freeway Merge Assistance System (FMAS) can implement innovative ramp management strategies by providing personalized advisories to individual drivers to ensure smoother merging. The benefits anticipated from these strategies will completely depend on the advisory compliance of the drivers; this, in turn, will be influenced by situational as well as individual behavioral factors. The purpose of this research was to investigate drivers’ responses to this new generation of personalized in-vehicle advisory messages. A field test was conducted with naive human subjects to collect driver behavior data about different types of advisory messages under different traffic scenarios in a controlled environment. The data gathered from the field test i...
Freeway congestion is one of the most severe problems of the transportation system. Congestion ha... more Freeway congestion is one of the most severe problems of the transportation system. Congestion has resulted in the loss of billions of dollars in terms of delays and fuel consumption, among others. Among the many contributing factors, merging conflicts in freeway ramp areas have been identified as one of the major causes of congestion. Though different ramp management strategies have been implemented over the years, each of these strategies has been partially successful due to their limited real-time traffic data collection and information dissemination capabilities. perception-reaction time can be attributed to drivers becoming more cautious in making decision under relatively congested situation. Therefore, in the system design the variability of perceptionreaction time for diverse traffic conditions should be considered. Similar to compliance rate data, no significant difference was found in perception-reaction time between male and female drivers. On the other hand, older drivers were found having significantly higher perception-reaction times with a significant difference of 1.57 sec when compared with the youngest group of drivers. This relatively slow perception-reaction can be attributed to age-induced cognition and motor skill loss. However, actual lane changing time does not change much regardless of the traffic condition, gender and age; this indicates once a driver initiates a lane change, the required time to complete lane change is independent of the traffic condition. Another significant finding from the field testing was that drivers demonstrated better responses in terms of both compliance and perception-reaction times with a direct advisory messages, which gives clear and specific instruction. On the other hand, an indirect advisory message, which indirectly stimulate a driving action were found to be relatively less effective and efficient. The compliance data from field test show that direct advisories such as Merging control algorithm (84.8%) and Lane Changing advisory (84.3%) have higher compliance rates than the Variable Speed limit (63%) which provided indirect instructions to the participants. Perception reaction time was reduced by 1.30 sec (from 4.76 sec of variable speed limit to 3.46 sec of merging control) by providing most direct advisories. It is therefore recommended that developing and implementing an application that provides more direct advisory messages is desirable. In conclusion, the actual drivers' response data collected and presented in this research is one of the very first studies that directly investigates driver behavior in a cooperative CV mobility application. Given the significance of proper understanding of drivers' behavior in developing, evaluating, and deploying connected vehicle mobility applications, continuous effort should be made to gather actual drivers' behavior data which provides valuable insight in drivers' decision making process under connected-vehicle environment.
Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strat... more Connected Vehicle and Active Traffic Management (ATM) are the innovative traffic management strategies emphasizing Information Technology (IT)-based intelligent vehicle and infrastructure, advanced control technology, and system integration to address the grand challenges in transportation systems, such as severe congestion, increased risk of traffic incidents, and traffic pollution. Connected Vehicle aims to facilitate better traffic operations through two-way wireless communication of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure. ATM is an operational approach for optimal performance of highway system through various advanced control strategies. Seamless integration of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies can generate significant benefits to optimize overall traffic system operations. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the state of the art and the practice of Connected Vehicle and ATM strategies. The study findings are helpful to better understand their fundamental control and operation mechanisms, practical applications, system benefits, and operational challenges.
2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings, 2014
The Connected Vehicle enabled Freeway Merge Assistance system is developed by the University of V... more The Connected Vehicle enabled Freeway Merge Assistance system is developed by the University of Virginia Center for Transportation Studies, with the aim of reducing conflicts between merging vehicles in freeway ramp area. Initial simulation evaluation results showed that the merge assistance system has significant potential to increase capacity of freeway merge areas and reduce accidents by minimizing the number of conflicts between vehicles. As a next step of evaluation, a field test is conducted at a Connected Vehicle test bed to investigate drivers' response to the personalized advisories relayed by this system. This paper provides an overview of the field test methodology, system architecture, stated preference survey and presents preliminary results for this prototype freeway merge assistance system developed for the Connected Vehicle Environment. The revealed and stated preference data gathered will be used to develop an advisory response model that will incorporate drivers' response variability in the simulation evaluation framework of the freeway merge assistance system.
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2013
The potential effects of climate change on transportation infrastructure have been receiving atte... more The potential effects of climate change on transportation infrastructure have been receiving attention in recent years. An especially useful and increasingly common approach to investigating the potential effects of climate change on infrastructure is the use of geographic information systems (GISs) for risk analysis because climate change effects are likely to occur in conjunction with other geographically specific impacts such as storm surge and traffic operations, whose vulnerability can be most effectively quantified with GIS-based tools. To demonstrate the efficacy of these tools, a scenario-based risk analysis approach is presented: it investigates the effects of climate change on transportation infrastructure in Hampton Roads, Virginia. First, climate change effects in the study site are investigated to develop representative climate change scenarios. Then, a GIS-based evaluation of transportation infrastructure vulnerability to sea level rise and storm surge is formed by com...
Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1967
Findings of public opinion polls and surveys conducted for the President's Commission on Law... more Findings of public opinion polls and surveys conducted for the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice (hereinafter referred to as the National Crime Commission) suggest widespread belief that crime is increasing and has become a major problem. The crimes that people fear most are attacks on the person by a stranger, the least frequent occurrences. Fear of
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2016
Vehicular conflict is one of the major causes of congestion in freeway merge areas. With the emer... more Vehicular conflict is one of the major causes of congestion in freeway merge areas. With the emerging connected vehicle environment, more proactive strategies can be developed and implemented to improve merging operations with enhanced safety and mobility. The freeway merge assistance system, made possible with connected vehicles, ensures smoother merging through the early identification and dynamic notification of merging opportunities by advisory message. However, given that the effectiveness of this mobility application depends entirely on drivers’ responses to the advisory messages, a proper understanding of driver response to the new generation of dynamic advisory messages is a necessity. A detailed analysis of driver response time to advisory messages from the freeway merge assistance system was conducted on the basis of the data collected in a field test with 68 naive participants. The analysis results showed that the perception–reaction time increased as the available gap size decreased. An estimated 0.64-s difference was observed between cases with large and small gaps and implies varied perception–reaction times for various traffic conditions. Second, the perception–reaction time decreased as the advisory became more direct and proactive, with an observed 1.30-s decrease in perception–reaction time between the most direct and indirect advisories. It is therefore recommended that advisory messages should be direct and clear. The actual lane-changing time did not change much, regardless of advisory type or available gap size. The implications of these results are of significance in the design and implementation of connected vehicle–enabled mobility applications.