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Papers by Atras Journal

Contemporary research appears to be less concerned with the traditional premise that teaching is ... more Contemporary research appears to be less concerned with the traditional premise that teaching is limited to imparting content knowledge of a certain subject area through effective teaching methodologies. Scholars now are inclined to lean more towards "emotion" than towards "cognition." Being cognizant of the momentousness of emotional intelligence, the purpose of this research is to clarify the concept of "emotional intelligence," investigate the degree to which teachers of English at Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, Algeria, are emotionally intelligent, and, lastly, make suggestions that could aid in advancing the emotional intelligence of educators. To achieve this goal, 103 EFL students participated in the study. The researchers, grounded in a mixed-methods approach, employed strategies and techniques suitable for both qualitative and quantitative methods. To provide a good interpretation of the open-ended question addressed to the participants, the authors of this research paper resorted to the quantitative content analysis approach. We collected data using a web-based questionnaire that we sent as Google Forms to the students' Facebook accounts. To address the issue of missing data during data analysis, the authors of this research employed the listwise deletion approach. Despite the sink-or-swim scenario and the stressful conditions that consist of the pressure exerted by the administration, absence of professional and emotional development/training, overcrowded classes, lack of coordination among teachers, the nature of the LMD system that is unsuitable for our university's realities, etc., this research outcome reveals that teachers possess emotional intelligence to some extent.

Recent Artificial Intelligence advances have revolutionized education, particularly language lear... more Recent Artificial Intelligence advances have revolutionized education, particularly language learning. ChatGPT, a groundbreaking chatbot, holds transformative potential for English as a foreign language education where there is a constant need for integrating novel technologies to enhance teaching efficiency and learning outcomes. A question arises herein about teachers' perspectives considering their pivotal role in shaping students' learning experiences. In response, this study aims to investigate teachers' attitudes towards the use of ChatGPT in learning and teaching. To this end, a questionnaire was employed to collect data among teachers across the

Virtual reality and augmented reality are transforming education by transporting students to imme... more Virtual reality and augmented reality are transforming education by transporting students to immersive experiences that spark creativity and ignite a passion for learning. These technologies unlock new avenues for interactive learning, fostering deeper understanding and a thirst for knowledge. Benefits extend to both students and educators, potentially improving academic performance, boosting motivation to learn and teach, and fostering problem-solving and collaboration skills. While challenges like high costs and limited accessibility remain, VR and AR technologies are expected to become increasingly prevalent in education. This reflects the trend at leading universities pioneering their use, such as the University of California, Berkeley, Harvard University, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. These technologies represent a vast potential for advancing education across universities and educational institutions at all levels. This study will explore models that can be adapted, simulated, and potentially implemented within Algerian universities and educational institutions throughout the educational spectrum.

This paper investigates students' digital literacy and their attitudes towards technology applica... more This paper investigates students' digital literacy and their attitudes towards technology applications in English language learning. The study presents digital technologies as an important aspect of language learning and stresses the concept of digital literacy among EFL learners. Thirteen second-year students of English are selected based on random sampling to take part in this quantitative study. Moreover, quantitative research was conducted, which is based on an online questionnaire administered to 13-second year students of English at Skikda University to explore their attitudes toward digital technologies in EFL instruction and the frequency of using technology applications in English learning. The findings of the survey show that university students have access to digital tools, such as cell phones. Nonetheless, computers and other digital tools were rarely used in educational settings. Furthermore, the results indicate that EFL students have positive attitudes toward information and communication technologies.

The diversity of fields of knowledge and the huge flow of information around the globe brought ab... more The diversity of fields of knowledge and the huge flow of information around the globe brought about a new phenomenon: the use of technology to disseminate knowledge. Translation is a means to reach that; it is extensively concerned with the latest technological update, either regarding means or regarding the fields of knowledge. Translation means are no longer exclusively based on the use of traditional tools, particularly with the outstanding technological revolution that transformed the perception of translation aids and their contribution to the success of the translation process. This article attempts to shed light on the usefulness of dictionaries in print format as translation aids in the age of ChatGPT, a tool that revolutionized the classical perception of dictionaries as a classical translation aid either in translation training or in professional translation practices. It stems from the reality that translation practices are dependent on technology and online language tools in general. It poses the following research question: To what extent is the bilingual dictionary in print format still a useful translation aid in the age of ChatGPT, either in training future translators or in translation practice? What indicates its (un)usefulness in both uses? An investigative study approaches the unreliability of ChatGpt linguistic resources to replace the print format dictionary since the tool is deprived of the interpretive contextual faculty needed to perform the translation task. Extracts are taken from advertisement documents to approve the validity of the hypothesis.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, bilingual dictionary, ChatGPT, print format dictionary, translation aid

Artificial Intelligence is changing the landscape of education significantly, and therefore, lang... more Artificial Intelligence is changing the landscape of education significantly, and therefore, language teaching and learning. Its incorporation in the latter is manifested through the use of various artificial intelligence-based platforms, applications, and chatbots such as Chatgpt. These tools and artificial intelligence-based platforms are not used solely for teaching and learning but for teachers' training and enhancing professional development, including Edthena, Cogni, TeachMate AI, Teach Boost, and Classcraft. Relatively, the use of these AI tools offers multiple features such as speech recognition, image, media, and content production, creating personalised learning opportunities, facilitating communication, and saving time and energy. Accordingly, teachers' attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence tools in language teaching and learning vary due to various reasons. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore teachers' attitudes towards the use of artificial intelligence tools in language teaching and learning. Furthermore, it aims to highlight the impact of using artificial intelligence on language teaching and learning. The research follows a quantitative methodology through the use of an online semi-structured questionnaire for data collection, consisting of open-ended and close-ended questions. The latter was distributed to 200 Algerian EFL teachers. The results reveal that teachers have a positive attitude toward the use of artificial intelligence. However, teachers point out the possible issues that may arise from the use of AI in education, such as the change in teachers' roles.

COVID-19 has evoked an urgent need for a distance educational system. Although the Algerian Minis... more COVID-19 has evoked an urgent need for a distance educational system. Although the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research spares no effort to facilitate and promote online teaching methods, many obstacles continue to hinder and impair the didactic operation. This paper employs a questionnaire to investigate the reasons behind Algeria's inability to keep up with the first-world countries' successful experience in distance learning. It also examines the difficulties that transpire from the lack of parallelism between these developed countries and the developing or underdeveloped ones. Teaching English Literature to non-native students can be a challenge. This has always been true even when the teaching-learning process was done face-toface in a classroom. Like many other subjects, English literature has been affected by the changes the pandemic brought to the pedagogical procedure. The present study uses observation to shed light on teaching English literature at an Algerian university to illustrate the negative and positive outcomes of the pandemic on the educational system. Finally, this paper reveals that Algeria is witnessing rapid progress in the field of online education and that teaching English literature in Algeria is also improving.

This study aims to understand the nature of the relationship between self-regulated learning and ... more This study aims to understand the nature of the relationship between self-regulated learning and academic achievement motivation in the context of distance learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic among university students. The contemporary approach to the learning process is based on self-organization and the extent to which university students can stimulate their motivation to increase their knowledge, control the educational tasks they face, and deal with them in creative ways and ideas. We adopted a descriptiveanalytical approach to conduct this study on a sample of (205) male and female second-year bachelor's students from the Social Sciences Department with all its specializations. They were selected using a systematic random sampling method, where they were administered the Self-Regulated Learning Scale (2020) and the Academic Achievement Motivation Scale by Al-Musharrafieh (2012). After using the necessary statistical methods to process the data, the results revealed a statistically significant relationship between self-regulated learning and academic achievement motivation among the sample individuals, with significant statistical differences in the average ranks of self-regulated learning among the specializations of the Social Sciences Department, and no significant differences in terms of academic achievement motivation scores.

This study investigates the ongoing integration of natural language processing tools, specificall... more This study investigates the ongoing integration of natural language processing tools, specifically QuillBot, in academic writing. These tools, offering advanced features like grammar checking, automated proofreading, and word suggestions, are fundamental in enabling students to take control of their writing. Additionally, the current research addresses the transformative role of AI-based writing assistants, reshaping the writing paradigms to respond to learners' educational demands. This investigation contributes to the understanding of the integration of natural language processing in the context of academia. Furthermore, it unveils the transformative effect of natural language processing tools, particularly QuillBot in enhancing academic writing opportunities among EFL master's students. To examine this endeavor, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was employed. Firstly, an online survey was distributed to thirty-five EFL students pursuing a master's degree to gather quantitative data on their usage patterns of natural language processing tools in academic writing. The survey questions emphasized the frequency of Quillbot usage, common features utilized, the entire perception of Natural Language Processing usage experience, and further recommendations. Additionally, we conducted participant-observation to capture qualitative insights into master students' perceptions of using QuillBot in their writing practices. This quantitative approach allowed for detecting the effectiveness of employing these tools in academic writing against traditional processes. The research findings reveal a comprehensive understanding of the participants' perceptions regarding the crucial role of QuillBot and its transformative impact on their academic writing proficiency compared to traditional approaches.

Over the past decade, technological advancements, especially in Artificial Intelligence, have sig... more Over the past decade, technological advancements, especially in Artificial Intelligence, have significantly transformed educational practices. However, there are growing concerns about its misuse. Instead of using these technologies as a supplementary tool, many students are becoming increasingly dependent on these platforms. This rising reliance threatens to diminish its benefits, possibly restricting students' abilities and weakening their academic performance. This paper seeks to examine both the potential and challenges associated with employing Artificial Intelligence tools in education. By addressing this growing concern, the study offers valuable insights into how these tools are reshaping education and highlighting the need for a balanced integration. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study uses a web-based questionnaire with both open-ended and closedended questions, administered to twenty EFL teachers from various universities in Algeria. The research emphasizes the adverse effects of excessive reliance on AI on student creativity and academic outcomes while also proposing solutions to reduce students' misuse of these technologies. The results highlight the need for careful consideration and thoughtful strategies to minimize the risks of overreliance, ensuring that technology serves as a helpful tool rather than a hindrance.

Over the past twenty years, major technological breakthroughs have sparked the development of new... more Over the past twenty years, major technological breakthroughs have sparked the development of new educational methodologies, notably digitalization and E-learning, which have garnered increased attention. The primary aim of this study is to explore the utilization and integration of ICT and Elearning in higher education settings. It provides a historical overview of higher education in Algeria and offers a foundational understanding of digital transformation, particularly in ICT and E-learning within higher education. To achieve this aim, an online questionnaire was conducted with a random sample comprising students and faculty members of the Computer Science Department at Laghouat University, spanning various academic levels. The study's findings underscore the efficacy of digitalization and E-learning as valuable tools in the learning process while revealing the opportunities and challenges associated with their implementation. This research seeks to raise awareness among educators and learners regarding using ICT and E-learning in education, fostering readiness for embracing digital transformation, particularly in the post-COVID-19 era where distance learning has become imperative for global wellbeing.

The Impact of Digital Shift on Students' Reading Behaviors: A Case Study of First-year Students a... more The Impact of Digital Shift on Students' Reading Behaviors: A Case Study of First-year Students at Dr. Moulay Tahar University of Saida ATRAS 5 (Special Issue), pp. 29-49

Distance learning using Information and Communication Technology has become a necessary option th... more Distance learning using Information and Communication Technology has become a necessary option that has replaced the traditional way of learning. Teachers opted for this alternative to complete the lacunas of teaching or the allotted duration of learning when unexpected matters such as the emergence of the pandemic Covid 19 and the closure of universities take place. In other words, teachers have started integrating Information and Communication Technology gadgets in the past but not with the same amount as in today's classes since using them was a choice rather than a necessity. Accordingly, the present study aims to determine the psychological effects of distance learning on Algerian students and the extent to which students have accepted or rejected this new system of learning. The researchers find it necessary to tackle this issue since it has become a part of students' lives. A psychological attitudes questionnaire has been applied to a sample of students of Saida University attempting to answer the setup questions. Yet, 20 master two students have been selected randomly and the obtained data will be processed, analyzed and interpreted both quantitatively and qualitatively. Although the study has shown that distance learning has proved effective during this period, the great majority of students have shown some negative attitudes as this type of learning has resulted in some undesirable feelings and psychological troubles. The latter are embodied in feelings of insecurity, anxiety, fear, stress and despair which have negatively influenced students' learning performance and psychological well-being.

Social Science Research Network, 2024

The aim of this paper is to explore the socio-cultural factors that influence the growth of Indig... more The aim of this paper is to explore the socio-cultural factors that influence the growth of Indigenous entrepreneurial activities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The research was conducted on a sample of 400 potential entrepreneurs, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Respondents were asked questions to assess their perception of the main factors influencing the growth of entrepreneurial activities. Using an analytical descriptive statistical methodology, the data were processed. Table, Percentages, frequencies and chi squares tests were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that many businesses that were operating in the state in the past have either collapsed or operating at meagre levels and many of those entrepreneurs with businesses of their own, are nonindigents. The result shows that the major factors that affect entrepreneurial growth in Nasarawa State are nepotism, profligacy and discouragement.Given the largest proportion of nonindigenous entrepreneurs operating in the state business sector, the paper made some recommendations that can improve indigenous entrepreneurship in the state.

Social Science Research Network, 2024

In political communication, inaugural speeches are pivotal, signifying the start of a leader&... more In political communication, inaugural speeches are pivotal, signifying the start of a leader's term and a new chapter in a nation's history. These serve as a momentous occasion where the leader outlines their vision, pledging to guide the country to prosperity and unity. This study delves into the inaugural speech delivered by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu upon assuming the highest office in Nigeria in May 2023. Through a meticulous analysis of lexical collocations, the study uncovers the underlying linguistic intricacies, thematic emphasis, and rhetorical strategies employed by President Tinubu in his address, to gain insights into the rhetorical techniques used to connect with the audience and convey his vision as well as the impact of his address on political discourse and public perception. Downloading the speech from the Punch Newspaper website, the analytical approach followed the principles of lexical collocation theory and systemic functional linguistics. The analysis reveals eight strategic rhetorical purposes in President Tinubu's use of lexical collocations in his speech. These functions encompass appeals to religiosity, political sensibility, national pride, patriotism, unity, hope, calls to action, policy clarification, and exemplifying an inclusive government. His language choices resonate with the audience, eliciting emotions and nurturing a national sense of pride and identity. The analysis of President Tinubu's inaugural speech contributes to a better understanding of his linguistic legacy and communication strategies during his tenure in office. It becomes a part of the historical record, revealing the president's approach to governance and leadership.

Social Science Research Network, 2024

Structural errors related to word formation among the second learners of English pose serious pro... more Structural errors related to word formation among the second learners of English pose serious problems to L2 users of English especially at the undergraduate levels of English Studies. The study aims to find out the structural errors related to word formation in English and consider the pedagogical implications. The Item and Process (I.P.) Analytical theoretical framework is adopted while a descriptive research design method is deployed for the analysis. The finding showed that students have problems with different morphological processes in English as a result of factors such as the inconsistency in the morphological rules, misapplication of some word formation rules, and mother tongue interference. The study, therefore, recommends that teachers of English in this area of study should endeavour to master the in-depth knowledge of these morphological rules and applications to be able to transfer the skills to the second learners of English.

Social Science Research Network, 2024

The study aimed to investigate the barriers to the implementation of inclusive education practice... more The study aimed to investigate the barriers to the implementation of inclusive education practices in Tunisia. This study is distinguished by a focus on the psychological barriers to inclusive education. Second, it is distinguished by using speech act theory to investigate Tunisian inclusive education provisions.A mixed-methods research approach was used to achieve the study's goal. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a stratified sample of forty-four English teacher.The qualitative data was collected by analyzing five legal provisions using the Speech Act theory.According to the findings, various issues such as inappropriate policy development, insufficient support and resources, and curriculum issues hampered the implementation of inclusive education. Furthermore, an examination of the provisions revealed that the actual outcomes fell short of the authorities' expectations, highlighting the need for additional action and support to achieve true inclusivity in education. As a result, policymakers and educators must address these issues and provide comprehensive support to ensure that all students have equal access to high-quality education.

ضياف زكرياء، داودي سهام, 2024

This study aims to highlight the importance of the interactive relationship between the teacher a... more This study aims to highlight the importance of the interactive relationship between the teacher and his learners and between the learners with each other. It sometimes requires making adjustments to the existing educational methods. This depends mainly on verbal interaction within the classroom. This study adopted the approach of describing and analyzing verbal classroom interactions. By focusing on direct inspection using (video) and utilizing Flanders’ system for measuring and analyzing verbal classroom interaction, without neglecting to compare the observed percentages with the standard percentages of the ideal teacher model to answer the problem: What is the effect of using systems for measuring verbal classroom interaction in developing the skill of Oral expression? The most prominent results reached are that teachers do not realize that the activities of the learning classroom are distributed according to specific ratios to provide a successful and fruitful classroom interactive atmosphere. The evidence for this is the wide difference between the overall ratios observed in the classroom and the agreed-upon standard ratios. This imbalance calls for attention to be addressed through teacher training practically in many fields.
Keywords: Classroom interaction, didactics of language, Flander’s system, verbal classroom interaction, oral expression skills

بن دحو أحمد, 2024

Reading has evolved from a simple, isolated interaction between the reader and the book into a dy... more Reading has evolved from a simple, isolated interaction between the reader and the book into a dynamic and engaging activity. With the significant advancement of digital technologies permeating every domain, including the humanities, the notion of digital humanities has emerged. This evolution has introduced numerous new terms and concepts, such as interactive reading which immerses the reader in a collaborative environment, allowing the exchange of opinions and ideas about specific books and the formation of virtual reading communities on the internet. Various websites now facilitate this form of interactive reading, effectively transforming digital libraries into interactive spaces that alter both reading practices and reader behavior. Notable examples of such platforms include "Abjjad" and "Raffy"
Keywords: interactive reading, digital humanities, "abjjad" website, "raffy" website

حنان بوطورة ، منصوري سميرة , 2024

This paper aims to investigate the evidence of the conceptual crisis in the deterministic materia... more This paper aims to investigate the evidence of the conceptual crisis in the deterministic material scientific discourse after the emergence of quantum physics. The paper examines the common concepts among all sciences and specialities, which are: the part, the whole, the structure, objectivity, causality, phenomenon, and cumulative knowledge. To extract its cognitive implications which are reflected on the premises of studying all dimensions of existence, including biological and social, in a way that necessitates their reorganization according to the data resulting from experiments in quantum physics. We have concluded that the evidence of conceptual crisis has shown distortions in the meanings adopted by the basic conceptual system in the deterministic material scientific discourse, demonstrating that we cannot understand the apparent if we view it as deterministic structural relationships in which the parts integrate to form the unified whole that can be fragmented into components for understanding the whole. The apparent relationships do not provide us with complete information about the overall system in which they operate. Therefore, unified systems are not studied except as informational systems (wave function), where their pairs cannot be separated because they intertwine and integrate completely into the whole and emerge as a whole with their unique imprint. Thus, it presented an alternative unified vision of the relationship of the self with the object, where they intertwine harmoniously, giving each its unique imprint without canceling each other out. It expanded the concept of causality to include its possibilities in various directions. It did not nullify it, but rather gave it a broader and wider significance through its unified implications, thus refuting the concept of cumulative knowledge in a gradual sequential time.
Keywords: Conceptual crisis, material civilization, quantum physics, scientific discourse

Social Science Research Network, 2024

ضياف زكرياء، داودي سهام, 2024

بن دحو أحمد, 2024

حنان بوطورة ، منصوري سميرة , 2024