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Papers by salomo hutagalung

Organic dye is a highly toxic, nonbiodegradable, and harmful substance that causes significant en... more Organic dye is a highly toxic, nonbiodegradable, and harmful substance that causes significant environmental contamination. The combined effort of an ultrasonication (US) method followed by ozonation (OZ) treatment for organic dye solution is described here. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the optimum frequency of 26 kHz is utilised in the experiment acquired from the acceptable frequency range based on the simulation. The initial organic dye solutions in this investigation contained low-COD conditions, 40 mg L− 1 of Methylene Blue (MB), and 134 mg L− 1 of industrial effluent. The latter case exhibits that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of industrial removal rate is 57.46%, where the lowest concentration of 57 mg L− 1 is attainable, which indicates that the combined method fulfils the acceptance range of the ZDHC International Standard of 60 mg L− 1. The sequential approaches unambiguously demonstrate a promising strategy for effective wastewater treatment for organic po...

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2023

Tricobalt tetroxide (Co3O4) has been developed as a promising photocatalyst material for various ... more Tricobalt tetroxide (Co3O4) has been developed as a promising photocatalyst material for various applications. Several reports have been published on the self-modification of Co3O4 to achieve optimal photocatalytic performance. The pristine Co3O4 alone is inadequate for photocatalysis due to the rapid recombination process of photogenerated (PG) charge carriers. The modification of Co3O4 can be extended through the introduction of doping elements, incorporation of supporting materials, surface functionalization, metal loading, and combination with other photocatalysts. The addition of doping elements and support materials may enhance the photocatalysis process, although these modifications have a slight effect on decreasing the recombination process of PG charge carriers. On the other hand, combining Co3O4 with other semiconductors results in a different PG charge carrier mechanism, leading to a decrease in the recombination process and an increase in photocatalytic activity. Therefore, this work discusses recent modifications of Co3O4 and their effects on its photocatalytic performance. Additionally, the modification effects, such as enhanced surface area, generation of oxygen vacancies, tuning the band gap, and formation of heterojunctions, are reviewed to demonstrate the feasibility of separating PG charge carriers. Finally, the formation and mechanism of these modification effects are also reviewed based on theoretical and experimental approaches to validate their formation and the transfer process of charge carriers. Keywords: Co3O4, photocatalyst, charge carrier, modification, heterojunction, energy conversion

Frontiers in Environmental Science

The intricate nature of various textile manufacturing processes introduces colored dyes, surfacta... more The intricate nature of various textile manufacturing processes introduces colored dyes, surfactants, and toxic chemicals that have been harmful to ecosystems in recent years. Here, a combination ozone-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) is coupled with a nanobubbles generator for the generation of ozone nanobubbles (NB) utilized the same to treat the primary effluent acquired from textile wastewaters. Here we find several key parameters such as chemical oxygen demand ammonia content (NH3), and total suspended solids indicating a substantial recovery in which the respective percentages of 81.1%, 30.81%, and 41.98%, upon 300 min residence time are achieved. On the other hand, the pH is shifted from 7.93 to 7.46, indicating the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) due to the termination reaction and the self-reaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We propose that the reactive oxygen species can be identified from the negative zeta potential measurement (−22.43 ± 0.34 mV) colle...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Abstract. Wastewater from printing and dyeing industries is often colorful, contains reactive dye... more Abstract. Wastewater from printing and dyeing industries is often colorful, contains reactive dye residues and chemicals, and requires proper treatment before being released into the environment. The treatment of textile wastes with biotechnology through the general use of high inorganic and organic concentrations is difficult for further process. Therefore, many industries make use of the advanced oxidation process (AOP) because of its ability to eliminate nondegradable organic components and avoid residual deposits removal. a new design of synthetic waste treatment was developed by installing the AOP on the existing wastewater treatment process (WWTP). However, the textile industry faces significant environmental problems because of its vast water consumption. This makes the resulting wastewater from their activities characterized by intense color, a large number of suspended solids, very unpredictable pH and high COD concentrations. Therefore, there is a need to implement some control measures in the future in order to minimize these waste problems. Experiments show that the pollutants can be physically removed by using the AOP process and COD decrease 51.7 % from 16.167 mg/L into 8.364 mg/L.
Keywords— textile, waste, paint and sludge, treatment, AOP

CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal, 2009

In the imaging process, computer technology has a big role in reconstruction. This paper describe... more In the imaging process, computer technology has a big role in reconstruction. This paper describes imaging the fluid flow imaging in three medium using ultrasonic tomography for reconstructing the cross sectional image. The image based on wave velocity in each medium and the time of flight are obtained from the measurements using transducer that placed around the pipe. Data collection is constructed into parallel form, then with the use of filtered back projection algorithm an image can be reconstructed. The resolution of image is limited by the number of data of each projection in order to obtain high accuracy of resolution. To increase image resolution, data is interpolated using computer with Matlab.Keywords: image reconstruction, three medium, ultrasonic tomography, filtered back projection

Advanced Science Letters, 2015

In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for contaminated (chemical and biological) wat... more In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for contaminated (chemical and biological) water purification by ozone-based advanced oxidation processes (AOP) and reverse osmosis (RO) controlled by programmable logic-controller (PLC) is proposed. AOP method used in this study is combination of O 3 , UV, and H 2 O 2 to eliminate the content of humus acids and organic compounds. The result of oxidation water are then processed by the method of RO to remove solid particles are soluble in water. Experimental results of the designed technology which are controlled and monitored by a PLC unit demonstrated that the peat water is well treated by removing organic matter with PH about 7. Laboratory test also indicates that the produced water accomplish with the clean water standards according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This indicates that AOP method and the RO can be used to eliminate components of chemical compounds and biological contaminants in peat water

2014 2nd International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering & Environment, 2014

In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for removal of chemical and biological contami... more In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for removal of chemical and biological contaminants on peat water by ozone-based advanced oxidation processes and reverse osmosis is proposed. AOP method used in this study is combination of O3 and UV. The O3-UV process makes use of UV photons to activate ozone molecules, thereby facilitating the formation of hydroxyl radicals. The result of oxidation water are then processed by the method of reverse osmosis to remove solid particles are soluble in water. Trial process of the developed prototype which are controlled and monitored by a program logic controller (PLC). The test results showed that the water produced meets clean water standards set out in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This indicates that AOP method and the RO can be used to eliminate components of chemical compounds and biological contaminants in peat water.

2013 3rd International Conference on Instrumentation Control and Automation (ICA), 2013

In this paper, an application of nonlinear principal component analysis for online P300 extractio... more In this paper, an application of nonlinear principal component analysis for online P300 extraction and classification is proposed. In order to cover the nonlinearity between the variables, a five-layer neural network is applied for feature extraction. The experimental results in this work show that the implementation of the proposed method achieves a very significant statistical improvement in extracting and classifying P300 components. After a short time of practice, most participants could learn to extract and classify the P300 wave with greater than 80% accuracy.

Journal of manufacturing engineering & technology, 2014

The manufacturing equipmenton most shop floorsconsists of numerical control machines,and the cond... more The manufacturing equipmenton most shop floorsconsists of numerical control machines,and the condition of each piece of equipment is monitored and controlled by an internal sensor or programmable logic controller (PLC). To control and monitorproduction lines that consist of an equipmentor production module, a separate control and monitoring system such as a manufacturingexecution systemshould be introduced. However, there is no standardized system, and it is costly and difficult to build a system for small or medium-sized plants. In this paper, a PLC-based supervisory system for operation control of a group of production machines is proposed, and the developed PLC-based system is evaluated by applying it to a computer numerical control machine.

2014 2nd International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering & Environment, 2014

The growing demand for fresh water is partially satisfied by desalination plants that increasingl... more The growing demand for fresh water is partially satisfied by desalination plants that increasingly use membrane technologies and among them advanced oxidation processes emerging ozone to produce purified water. In this research, the water purification technology using advanced oxidation processes emerging ozone to be able to eliminate the content of humus acids and organic compounds is developed. The laboratory test for three different sample of peat water indicated that the water purification still contaminated with high organic matter with pH less than 7. It can be concluded that the proposed method still require an extended processing to produce consumable water.

2019 International Seminar on Research of Information Technology and Intelligent Systems (ISRITI), 2019

This paper presents a design and simulation of side rail strength and latch reliability Medical B... more This paper presents a design and simulation of side rail strength and latch reliability Medical Beds (MBs) testing using fluidSIM 5.2. The test system is designed to fulfil testing requirements specified by IEC 60601-2-52 sub-clause 201.9.8.3.3.3, side rail strength and latch reliability. Side rail tests are performed by applying a force of 100 N in each direction of the side rails (lateral, longitudinal and vertical) 3000 times. Latch Reliability is done by giving the cycle treatment of the side rail hook mechanism from the position of the side rails above and locked, then the position of the side rails below and not locked 30,000 times. Deduced from simulation, design and construction for MBs testing system is composed of compressed air source of 7 bar, 40 mm cylinder diameter, and 300 mm stroke.

This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG ... more This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG P300 evoked potentials: a feature extraction scheme combining the adaptive recursive filter and the adaptive autoregressive model and a classification scheme using multilayer neural network (MNN). Using the signals extracted adaptively, the MNN classifier could achieve 100% accuracy for all the subjects, and its transfer rate was also enhanced significantly. The proposed method may provide a real-time solution to brain computer interface applications

2021 International Conference on Instrumentation, Control, and Automation (ICA)

Permasalahan bagaimana menentukan aliran multi komponen-multi fasa untuk kombinasi gas, minyak da... more Permasalahan bagaimana menentukan aliran multi komponen-multi fasa untuk kombinasi gas, minyak dan air merupakan hal yang sangat penting di industri perminyakan. Estimasi komposisi fraksi komponen dalam bentuk rekonstruksi citra penampang suatu objek dalam aliran fluida multi komponen-multi fasa dapat dilakukan ►nenggunakan tomografi ultrasonik. Program komputer dibutuhkan untuk mengolah data-data proyeksi yang menghasilkan citra objek dari berbagai kombinasi medium. Citra ini didasarkan pada distribusi kecepatan gelombang melalui medium dan merekonstruksi dari basil pengukuran waktu tempuh gelombang ultrasonik pada transduser yang ditempatkan disekeliling pipa. Untuk mendapatkan data proyeksi dari berbagai arah, transduser pertama berfungsi sebagai transmitter dan yang lainnya sebagai receiver, langkah ini diulang hingga transduser terakhir berfungsi sebagai transmitter. Selanjutnya data dikumpulkan dalam bentuk paralel, dengan menggunakan algoritma proyeksi batik terfilter maka ci...

This paper presents design and application of automatic control system in the peat water treatmen... more This paper presents design and application of automatic control system in the peat water treatment system with Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) method using a programmable logic-controller (PLC) unit. All electronic circuits and the necessary software have been designed and developed to perform the technical tasks. A PLC unit was employed to control and monitor the mechanical movement of the pump, electric control valve, and ozone generator. The PLC collects and stores data related to pH, level, conductivity, and flow. It is found that the automatic control on AOP and RO system capable of running properly in accordance with the diagram of the process so that the system operational becomes easier, safer and monitored. The automatic control system can be employed as a standalone device and can be connected to a personal computer through the RS232 serial port to monitor the whole process on a computer screen. Index Terms-automatic control, peat water, PLC, AOPRO I. INTRODUCTION odern production processes use industrial automation systems [1]. The automation of these processes is inevitable, and results in high efficiency and high-quality production. Day to day production tasks have rapidly progressed toward this level of automation. Automatic control systems enable a process to be operated in a safe and profitable manner. This can be achieved by continually measuring process operating parameters, such as temperatures, pressures, levels, flows and concentrations. These parameters can be used to automatically make process decisions, for example, actuating valves or pumps, and controlling heaters, so that selected process measurements are maintained at desired values. PLCs are usually a main part of automatic control systems with less human intervention and to avoid errors [1-4]. The use of PLC equipment has been increasing day by day being parallel to progress in the systems of controls nowadays. Besides having technological advantages of using PLC, it also decreases the prices in the advanced level and complex control Manuscript

Instrumentasi

Indonesia memiliki lahan gambut seluas dua puluh juta hektare atau menduduki urutan keempat dalam... more Indonesia memiliki lahan gambut seluas dua puluh juta hektare atau menduduki urutan keempat dalam katagori lahan gambut terluas di dunia setelah Kanada, Uni Soviet, dan Amerika. Lahan gambut tersebut sebagian besar terdapat di empat pulau besar, yaitu Sumatra (35%), Kalimantan (32%), Sulawesi (3%), dan Papua (30%) (Wibowo & Suyatno, 1998). Penyebaran lahan gambut di Sumatra terdapat di dataran rendah sepanjang pantai timur dengan luas 7,2 juta hektare. Riau merupakan provinsi dengan lahan gambut terluas di Pulau Sumatra, yaitu ± 4,04 juta hektare atau 56,1% dari luas total lahan gambut di Sumatra (Wahyunto & Subagjo, 2003). Sementara itu, kebutuhan air bersih semakin meningkat dan persedian sumber air bersih semakin berkurang. Sumber air yang tersedia pada lahan tersebut adalah air gambut yang tidak dapat digunakan secara langsung, baik untuk air bersih atau air minum. Ciri-ciri air gambut adalah air permukaan dari tanah bergambut dengan karakteristik yang sangat mencolok sebagai warna merah kecoklatan (124-850 unit PtCo), mengandung bahan organik tinggi (138-1560 mg/l KMnO 4) dan besi yang cukup tinggi, rasa asam, tenaga hidrogen (pH) sekitar 4-7, dan kekerasan yang rendah (Mu'min, 2002), sehingga tidak layak dikonsumsi.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

The orifice plate is used to estimate the flow rate of a mass flowing through a pipe by connectin... more The orifice plate is used to estimate the flow rate of a mass flowing through a pipe by connecting the measured loss pressure and mass flow rate. In this paper, the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and Cd is observed based on pressure variations in a pipe. The test results show that the release coefficient rapidly decreases when the Reynolds number approaches 1 for each meter of flow. By knowing the difference of the occurs pressure, the value of the parameter Cd can be calculated from the actual discharge ratio to its theoretical. The calculation results show that the average value of Cd for the orifice plate sensor about 0.599 (with a deviation value of about 0.001 and Re value around 105 is obtained.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Development of an accurate and reliable differential pressure flow meters is needed for industry.... more Development of an accurate and reliable differential pressure flow meters is needed for industry. The relationship between the Reynolds number (Re) and the discharge coefficient (Cd) was investigated using a differential pressure flow meter. Venturi meter is a type of baffle meter, widely used in industry for flow measurement. The ISO standard (ISO-5167-1) provides discharge coefficient values for classic Venturi tubes in turbulent flow with Reynolds number values above 2x10 5. This study shows that various discharge coefficient decrease rapidly and constant discharge coefficient values vary with meter design. The main focus of this study is to compare experimental results with theoretical predictions and estimate the optimal value of thevmeter discharge coefficient at various flow rates. The experimental results showed that the optimal value of the venturi tube discharge coefficient of about 0.983 was obtained.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Jul 1, 2019

Arrythmia is a condition, that our heart beat rhythm change irregularly. The doctor do manual cla... more Arrythmia is a condition, that our heart beat rhythm change irregularly. The doctor do manual classification process to analyze and diagnose the heart beat rhythm from ECG record. We proposed Random Forest method as classification method, to solve the problem. To cut the preprocessing time, we use WFDB library. INCART arrythmia database is provided as our training and testing data to build the classification model. The feature use is QRS amplitude, QRS amplitude Forward, QRS amplitude Backward, RR interval, Heart Rate Variance (HRV) on the QRS point, backward and forward.We using Scikit Learn for build our classification model, and tested using Scikit Learn and Weka. To classify our object data, we using FOGD-based QRS detector, and to provide our object dataset, Bitalino machine are used. The result still under consideration and need to validate by physician or cardiologist.

International Journal of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2013

This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG ... more This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG P300 evoked potentials: a feature extraction scheme combining the adaptive recursive filter and the adaptive autoregressive model and a classification scheme using multilayer neural network (MNN). Using the signals extracted adaptively, the MNN classifier could achieve 100% accuracy for all the subjects, and its transfer rate was also enhanced significantly. The proposed method may provide a real-time solution to brain computer interface applications

Organic dye is a highly toxic, nonbiodegradable, and harmful substance that causes significant en... more Organic dye is a highly toxic, nonbiodegradable, and harmful substance that causes significant environmental contamination. The combined effort of an ultrasonication (US) method followed by ozonation (OZ) treatment for organic dye solution is described here. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the optimum frequency of 26 kHz is utilised in the experiment acquired from the acceptable frequency range based on the simulation. The initial organic dye solutions in this investigation contained low-COD conditions, 40 mg L− 1 of Methylene Blue (MB), and 134 mg L− 1 of industrial effluent. The latter case exhibits that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of industrial removal rate is 57.46%, where the lowest concentration of 57 mg L− 1 is attainable, which indicates that the combined method fulfils the acceptance range of the ZDHC International Standard of 60 mg L− 1. The sequential approaches unambiguously demonstrate a promising strategy for effective wastewater treatment for organic po...

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2023

Tricobalt tetroxide (Co3O4) has been developed as a promising photocatalyst material for various ... more Tricobalt tetroxide (Co3O4) has been developed as a promising photocatalyst material for various applications. Several reports have been published on the self-modification of Co3O4 to achieve optimal photocatalytic performance. The pristine Co3O4 alone is inadequate for photocatalysis due to the rapid recombination process of photogenerated (PG) charge carriers. The modification of Co3O4 can be extended through the introduction of doping elements, incorporation of supporting materials, surface functionalization, metal loading, and combination with other photocatalysts. The addition of doping elements and support materials may enhance the photocatalysis process, although these modifications have a slight effect on decreasing the recombination process of PG charge carriers. On the other hand, combining Co3O4 with other semiconductors results in a different PG charge carrier mechanism, leading to a decrease in the recombination process and an increase in photocatalytic activity. Therefore, this work discusses recent modifications of Co3O4 and their effects on its photocatalytic performance. Additionally, the modification effects, such as enhanced surface area, generation of oxygen vacancies, tuning the band gap, and formation of heterojunctions, are reviewed to demonstrate the feasibility of separating PG charge carriers. Finally, the formation and mechanism of these modification effects are also reviewed based on theoretical and experimental approaches to validate their formation and the transfer process of charge carriers. Keywords: Co3O4, photocatalyst, charge carrier, modification, heterojunction, energy conversion

Frontiers in Environmental Science

The intricate nature of various textile manufacturing processes introduces colored dyes, surfacta... more The intricate nature of various textile manufacturing processes introduces colored dyes, surfactants, and toxic chemicals that have been harmful to ecosystems in recent years. Here, a combination ozone-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) is coupled with a nanobubbles generator for the generation of ozone nanobubbles (NB) utilized the same to treat the primary effluent acquired from textile wastewaters. Here we find several key parameters such as chemical oxygen demand ammonia content (NH3), and total suspended solids indicating a substantial recovery in which the respective percentages of 81.1%, 30.81%, and 41.98%, upon 300 min residence time are achieved. On the other hand, the pH is shifted from 7.93 to 7.46, indicating the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) due to the termination reaction and the self-reaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We propose that the reactive oxygen species can be identified from the negative zeta potential measurement (−22.43 ± 0.34 mV) colle...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Abstract. Wastewater from printing and dyeing industries is often colorful, contains reactive dye... more Abstract. Wastewater from printing and dyeing industries is often colorful, contains reactive dye residues and chemicals, and requires proper treatment before being released into the environment. The treatment of textile wastes with biotechnology through the general use of high inorganic and organic concentrations is difficult for further process. Therefore, many industries make use of the advanced oxidation process (AOP) because of its ability to eliminate nondegradable organic components and avoid residual deposits removal. a new design of synthetic waste treatment was developed by installing the AOP on the existing wastewater treatment process (WWTP). However, the textile industry faces significant environmental problems because of its vast water consumption. This makes the resulting wastewater from their activities characterized by intense color, a large number of suspended solids, very unpredictable pH and high COD concentrations. Therefore, there is a need to implement some control measures in the future in order to minimize these waste problems. Experiments show that the pollutants can be physically removed by using the AOP process and COD decrease 51.7 % from 16.167 mg/L into 8.364 mg/L.
Keywords— textile, waste, paint and sludge, treatment, AOP

CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal, 2009

In the imaging process, computer technology has a big role in reconstruction. This paper describe... more In the imaging process, computer technology has a big role in reconstruction. This paper describes imaging the fluid flow imaging in three medium using ultrasonic tomography for reconstructing the cross sectional image. The image based on wave velocity in each medium and the time of flight are obtained from the measurements using transducer that placed around the pipe. Data collection is constructed into parallel form, then with the use of filtered back projection algorithm an image can be reconstructed. The resolution of image is limited by the number of data of each projection in order to obtain high accuracy of resolution. To increase image resolution, data is interpolated using computer with Matlab.Keywords: image reconstruction, three medium, ultrasonic tomography, filtered back projection

Advanced Science Letters, 2015

In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for contaminated (chemical and biological) wat... more In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for contaminated (chemical and biological) water purification by ozone-based advanced oxidation processes (AOP) and reverse osmosis (RO) controlled by programmable logic-controller (PLC) is proposed. AOP method used in this study is combination of O 3 , UV, and H 2 O 2 to eliminate the content of humus acids and organic compounds. The result of oxidation water are then processed by the method of RO to remove solid particles are soluble in water. Experimental results of the designed technology which are controlled and monitored by a PLC unit demonstrated that the peat water is well treated by removing organic matter with PH about 7. Laboratory test also indicates that the produced water accomplish with the clean water standards according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This indicates that AOP method and the RO can be used to eliminate components of chemical compounds and biological contaminants in peat water

2014 2nd International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering & Environment, 2014

In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for removal of chemical and biological contami... more In this paper, the emerging treatment technologies for removal of chemical and biological contaminants on peat water by ozone-based advanced oxidation processes and reverse osmosis is proposed. AOP method used in this study is combination of O3 and UV. The O3-UV process makes use of UV photons to activate ozone molecules, thereby facilitating the formation of hydroxyl radicals. The result of oxidation water are then processed by the method of reverse osmosis to remove solid particles are soluble in water. Trial process of the developed prototype which are controlled and monitored by a program logic controller (PLC). The test results showed that the water produced meets clean water standards set out in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This indicates that AOP method and the RO can be used to eliminate components of chemical compounds and biological contaminants in peat water.

2013 3rd International Conference on Instrumentation Control and Automation (ICA), 2013

In this paper, an application of nonlinear principal component analysis for online P300 extractio... more In this paper, an application of nonlinear principal component analysis for online P300 extraction and classification is proposed. In order to cover the nonlinearity between the variables, a five-layer neural network is applied for feature extraction. The experimental results in this work show that the implementation of the proposed method achieves a very significant statistical improvement in extracting and classifying P300 components. After a short time of practice, most participants could learn to extract and classify the P300 wave with greater than 80% accuracy.

Journal of manufacturing engineering & technology, 2014

The manufacturing equipmenton most shop floorsconsists of numerical control machines,and the cond... more The manufacturing equipmenton most shop floorsconsists of numerical control machines,and the condition of each piece of equipment is monitored and controlled by an internal sensor or programmable logic controller (PLC). To control and monitorproduction lines that consist of an equipmentor production module, a separate control and monitoring system such as a manufacturingexecution systemshould be introduced. However, there is no standardized system, and it is costly and difficult to build a system for small or medium-sized plants. In this paper, a PLC-based supervisory system for operation control of a group of production machines is proposed, and the developed PLC-based system is evaluated by applying it to a computer numerical control machine.

2014 2nd International Conference on Technology, Informatics, Management, Engineering & Environment, 2014

The growing demand for fresh water is partially satisfied by desalination plants that increasingl... more The growing demand for fresh water is partially satisfied by desalination plants that increasingly use membrane technologies and among them advanced oxidation processes emerging ozone to produce purified water. In this research, the water purification technology using advanced oxidation processes emerging ozone to be able to eliminate the content of humus acids and organic compounds is developed. The laboratory test for three different sample of peat water indicated that the water purification still contaminated with high organic matter with pH less than 7. It can be concluded that the proposed method still require an extended processing to produce consumable water.

2019 International Seminar on Research of Information Technology and Intelligent Systems (ISRITI), 2019

This paper presents a design and simulation of side rail strength and latch reliability Medical B... more This paper presents a design and simulation of side rail strength and latch reliability Medical Beds (MBs) testing using fluidSIM 5.2. The test system is designed to fulfil testing requirements specified by IEC 60601-2-52 sub-clause 201.9.8.3.3.3, side rail strength and latch reliability. Side rail tests are performed by applying a force of 100 N in each direction of the side rails (lateral, longitudinal and vertical) 3000 times. Latch Reliability is done by giving the cycle treatment of the side rail hook mechanism from the position of the side rails above and locked, then the position of the side rails below and not locked 30,000 times. Deduced from simulation, design and construction for MBs testing system is composed of compressed air source of 7 bar, 40 mm cylinder diameter, and 300 mm stroke.

This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG ... more This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG P300 evoked potentials: a feature extraction scheme combining the adaptive recursive filter and the adaptive autoregressive model and a classification scheme using multilayer neural network (MNN). Using the signals extracted adaptively, the MNN classifier could achieve 100% accuracy for all the subjects, and its transfer rate was also enhanced significantly. The proposed method may provide a real-time solution to brain computer interface applications

2021 International Conference on Instrumentation, Control, and Automation (ICA)

Permasalahan bagaimana menentukan aliran multi komponen-multi fasa untuk kombinasi gas, minyak da... more Permasalahan bagaimana menentukan aliran multi komponen-multi fasa untuk kombinasi gas, minyak dan air merupakan hal yang sangat penting di industri perminyakan. Estimasi komposisi fraksi komponen dalam bentuk rekonstruksi citra penampang suatu objek dalam aliran fluida multi komponen-multi fasa dapat dilakukan ►nenggunakan tomografi ultrasonik. Program komputer dibutuhkan untuk mengolah data-data proyeksi yang menghasilkan citra objek dari berbagai kombinasi medium. Citra ini didasarkan pada distribusi kecepatan gelombang melalui medium dan merekonstruksi dari basil pengukuran waktu tempuh gelombang ultrasonik pada transduser yang ditempatkan disekeliling pipa. Untuk mendapatkan data proyeksi dari berbagai arah, transduser pertama berfungsi sebagai transmitter dan yang lainnya sebagai receiver, langkah ini diulang hingga transduser terakhir berfungsi sebagai transmitter. Selanjutnya data dikumpulkan dalam bentuk paralel, dengan menggunakan algoritma proyeksi batik terfilter maka ci...

This paper presents design and application of automatic control system in the peat water treatmen... more This paper presents design and application of automatic control system in the peat water treatment system with Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) method using a programmable logic-controller (PLC) unit. All electronic circuits and the necessary software have been designed and developed to perform the technical tasks. A PLC unit was employed to control and monitor the mechanical movement of the pump, electric control valve, and ozone generator. The PLC collects and stores data related to pH, level, conductivity, and flow. It is found that the automatic control on AOP and RO system capable of running properly in accordance with the diagram of the process so that the system operational becomes easier, safer and monitored. The automatic control system can be employed as a standalone device and can be connected to a personal computer through the RS232 serial port to monitor the whole process on a computer screen. Index Terms-automatic control, peat water, PLC, AOPRO I. INTRODUCTION odern production processes use industrial automation systems [1]. The automation of these processes is inevitable, and results in high efficiency and high-quality production. Day to day production tasks have rapidly progressed toward this level of automation. Automatic control systems enable a process to be operated in a safe and profitable manner. This can be achieved by continually measuring process operating parameters, such as temperatures, pressures, levels, flows and concentrations. These parameters can be used to automatically make process decisions, for example, actuating valves or pumps, and controlling heaters, so that selected process measurements are maintained at desired values. PLCs are usually a main part of automatic control systems with less human intervention and to avoid errors [1-4]. The use of PLC equipment has been increasing day by day being parallel to progress in the systems of controls nowadays. Besides having technological advantages of using PLC, it also decreases the prices in the advanced level and complex control Manuscript

Instrumentasi

Indonesia memiliki lahan gambut seluas dua puluh juta hektare atau menduduki urutan keempat dalam... more Indonesia memiliki lahan gambut seluas dua puluh juta hektare atau menduduki urutan keempat dalam katagori lahan gambut terluas di dunia setelah Kanada, Uni Soviet, dan Amerika. Lahan gambut tersebut sebagian besar terdapat di empat pulau besar, yaitu Sumatra (35%), Kalimantan (32%), Sulawesi (3%), dan Papua (30%) (Wibowo & Suyatno, 1998). Penyebaran lahan gambut di Sumatra terdapat di dataran rendah sepanjang pantai timur dengan luas 7,2 juta hektare. Riau merupakan provinsi dengan lahan gambut terluas di Pulau Sumatra, yaitu ± 4,04 juta hektare atau 56,1% dari luas total lahan gambut di Sumatra (Wahyunto & Subagjo, 2003). Sementara itu, kebutuhan air bersih semakin meningkat dan persedian sumber air bersih semakin berkurang. Sumber air yang tersedia pada lahan tersebut adalah air gambut yang tidak dapat digunakan secara langsung, baik untuk air bersih atau air minum. Ciri-ciri air gambut adalah air permukaan dari tanah bergambut dengan karakteristik yang sangat mencolok sebagai warna merah kecoklatan (124-850 unit PtCo), mengandung bahan organik tinggi (138-1560 mg/l KMnO 4) dan besi yang cukup tinggi, rasa asam, tenaga hidrogen (pH) sekitar 4-7, dan kekerasan yang rendah (Mu'min, 2002), sehingga tidak layak dikonsumsi.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

The orifice plate is used to estimate the flow rate of a mass flowing through a pipe by connectin... more The orifice plate is used to estimate the flow rate of a mass flowing through a pipe by connecting the measured loss pressure and mass flow rate. In this paper, the relationship between Reynolds number (Re) and Cd is observed based on pressure variations in a pipe. The test results show that the release coefficient rapidly decreases when the Reynolds number approaches 1 for each meter of flow. By knowing the difference of the occurs pressure, the value of the parameter Cd can be calculated from the actual discharge ratio to its theoretical. The calculation results show that the average value of Cd for the orifice plate sensor about 0.599 (with a deviation value of about 0.001 and Re value around 105 is obtained.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Development of an accurate and reliable differential pressure flow meters is needed for industry.... more Development of an accurate and reliable differential pressure flow meters is needed for industry. The relationship between the Reynolds number (Re) and the discharge coefficient (Cd) was investigated using a differential pressure flow meter. Venturi meter is a type of baffle meter, widely used in industry for flow measurement. The ISO standard (ISO-5167-1) provides discharge coefficient values for classic Venturi tubes in turbulent flow with Reynolds number values above 2x10 5. This study shows that various discharge coefficient decrease rapidly and constant discharge coefficient values vary with meter design. The main focus of this study is to compare experimental results with theoretical predictions and estimate the optimal value of thevmeter discharge coefficient at various flow rates. The experimental results showed that the optimal value of the venturi tube discharge coefficient of about 0.983 was obtained.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Jul 1, 2019

Arrythmia is a condition, that our heart beat rhythm change irregularly. The doctor do manual cla... more Arrythmia is a condition, that our heart beat rhythm change irregularly. The doctor do manual classification process to analyze and diagnose the heart beat rhythm from ECG record. We proposed Random Forest method as classification method, to solve the problem. To cut the preprocessing time, we use WFDB library. INCART arrythmia database is provided as our training and testing data to build the classification model. The feature use is QRS amplitude, QRS amplitude Forward, QRS amplitude Backward, RR interval, Heart Rate Variance (HRV) on the QRS point, backward and forward.We using Scikit Learn for build our classification model, and tested using Scikit Learn and Weka. To classify our object data, we using FOGD-based QRS detector, and to provide our object dataset, Bitalino machine are used. The result still under consideration and need to validate by physician or cardiologist.

International Journal of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2013

This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG ... more This paper proposes two adaptive schemes for improving the accuracy and the transfer rate of EEG P300 evoked potentials: a feature extraction scheme combining the adaptive recursive filter and the adaptive autoregressive model and a classification scheme using multilayer neural network (MNN). Using the signals extracted adaptively, the MNN classifier could achieve 100% accuracy for all the subjects, and its transfer rate was also enhanced significantly. The proposed method may provide a real-time solution to brain computer interface applications