ismail ahmed - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by ismail ahmed

At the early 15 th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property invest... more At the early 15 th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property investment and development. Using the cash waqf as an instrument, they have successfully been able to develop property waqf distinguishably. Similar development has been sighted in the Islamic world years later especially in Egypt, Kuwait and Indonesia. In Malaysia, since the inception of the fatwa on the applicability of cash waqf in 2007, many have been promoting and capitalising the availability of cash waqf into property albeit risky investment. This paper sought to examine the way in which cash waqf is utilised in the growing activities of waqf property. By comparing and contrasting between these two instruments of waqf, one needs to fully understand the importance of inalienability, perpetuity and illiquidity as investment qualities of them. Using secondary data in the case of Iskandar Malaysia, the scenario of inaffordability in owning properties is sighted. Interestingly, therefore, ca...

Background - It’s been ages! After a century of being surrendered, wakaf Seetee Aisah(WSA) was fi... more Background - It’s been ages! After a century of being surrendered, wakaf Seetee Aisah(WSA) was finally improved and optimally beneficited as desires.However, there are still 88 percent of registered waqf lands have not been upgraded and developed.due to the inadequate treatment by law and market forces. Invisibly, deficiency in mutawwallis’ capability and capacity are among the contributors for the delay.Working in a team would be an appropriate interface in reviving those demoted waqf lands. Shared understanding of the team work and task work were in a linear relationship with the social philanthropic waqf character.Thus, cross-sector partnership was the identified runtime used in WSA development. Purpose - This shared mental model (SMM) life story is lays on the first commercial waqf land development in Malaysia. The study aims to understand on how does the interaction and adaptability were applied among the members.in positioning themselves in the WSA development team. By having ...

Institutional economics offers insights into various factors affecting the land development proce... more Institutional economics offers insights into various factors affecting the land development process. It considers a fuller insight into the formal and informal rules, embedded within broader social, political and economic frameworks, which govern the interaction between various human agents in the land development process. This paper seeks to examine theoretical framework of agency social relations and its application in the land development process with special reference to the initiative taken by various bodies to redevelop the indigenous areas in Kuala Lumpur. The causes and consequences of land development decisions by landowners, planners, developers, estate agents and other parties were discussed in the light of the supply of land in the case study areas for development purposes. In so doing, the paper explains the nature, role and importance of institutional economics perspectives with reference to formal and informal rules affecting the indigenous land supply for development...

At the early 15th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property investm... more At the early 15th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property investment and development. Using the cash waqf as an instrument, they have successfully been able to develop property waqf distinguishably. Similar development has been sighted in the Islamic world years later especially in Egypt, Kuwait and Indonesia. In Malaysia, since the inception of the fatwa on the applicability of cash waqf in 2007, many have been promoting and capitalising the availability of cash waqf into property albeit risky investment. This paper sought to examine the way in which cash waqf is utilised in the growing activities of waqf property. By comparing and contrasting between these two instruments of waqf, one needs to fully understand the importance of inalienability, perpetuity and illiquidity as investment qualities of them. Using secondary data in the case of Iskandar Malaysia, the scenario of inaffordability in owning properties is sighted. Interestingly, therefore, cas...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

The abundant of Waqf land (WL) administrated by State Islamic Religion Council (SIRC) are growing... more The abundant of Waqf land (WL) administrated by State Islamic Religion Council (SIRC) are growing over the years unsolved. The location of these WL are strategic and capable for commercial benefits through property development investment project. Yet, the development funds’ constraint restraints SIRC to develop the WL’s potential. This study examine the structure of management of indirect real estate investment (IREI) instrument and carried out a benchmarking comparison analysis to suggest a workable IREI to unlock WL potential. But, concept of Waqf prevents sub-sale of Waqf ownership exchange transaction. While, private property trust fund (PPTF) is a close fund and distribute dividend. This study suggest a conceptual idea Waqf private property trust fund (WPPTF) as mechanism for WL unlock initiative. The structure of management of WPPTF is different since Waqf unit holders whom cash donor would not receive any investment return, instead SIRC as a caretaker of Waqf properties benef...

Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 2010

The study deals with landownership constraints that restrict the supply of brown field sites onto... more The study deals with landownership constraints that restrict the supply of brown field sites onto the market for redevelopment purposes. The constraints may disturb the effectiveness of the land market. As a result, the underutilized area may become derelict and needs regeneration in the form of urban renewal programs. Empirically, the study investigates sources of landownership constraints in the area of brown field sites in Kuala Lumpur. Data were gathered using interview with selected landowners of undeveloped and developed sites to examine why they had developed or simply abandoned their lands undeveloped. Qualitative analysis was undertaken to collect data from respondents using either direct and/or indirect quotations. The main finding is that landowners were unwilling to undertake redevelopment due to landownership constraints as revealed by transaction costs involved in the initiatives to transfer the indigenous lands. The findings enable various interested parties to strategize their actions in the future to redevelop brown field sites in Kuala Lumpur.

The government is already embarked on the transformation program of waqf land for development pur... more The government is already embarked on the transformation program of waqf land for development purpose. In fact, there are a lot of opportunities for improvement of waqf lands in the country. Data reveals that less than half of thousands acreage of waqf lands are having high potential for economic development. Unfortunately, there are constraints that restrict the smooth flow of land supply onto the market for development purposes. Problems with land administration and registration of waqf land, human resources and technical expertise hampered the initiatives to undertake development of potential waqf land for improvement. Using Structure and Agency Approach (Healey, 1992), the study empirically investigates the sources of waqf land supply constraints for development in Kota Bharu District, Kelantan and find ways to unlock the macro and micro factors that constrain the potential economic values of waqf lands. To fulfill these endeavours within the transformation agenda, a concerted effort of all parties related to the formulation of waqf land administration policy need to be initiated as the way forward.

Habitat International, 2002

This paper raises a number of important issues relating to legal and economic development concept... more This paper raises a number of important issues relating to legal and economic development concepts. It concentrates on the supply constraints affecting land development decisions of both private and public landowners in releasing land for development purposes. With reference to the indigenous land rights in Kuala Lumpur, this paper focuses on the restrictions in interest, which may limit the land from being transferred in the open market. With a limited market, the indigenous land achieves a lower value in the market place because transactions are limited within a particular group of people only. As a result, the market forces are restricted and the land development process for urban regeneration often comes to a halt. In examining the role of the indigenous land market in the redevelopment process of Kuala Lumpur, the study uses an institutional analysis to show the way in which these restrictions in interest affect landowners' decisions and, thus, restrict the supply of land to real estate redevelopment. In conclusion, the paper shows various causes for land supply constraints and ways to improve these with the aim to undertake urban redevelopment initiatives considering pressure for more land in the market.

Paper presented on the 8th Pacific Rim Real Estate …, 2002

In the land development process, related written and unwritten rules on land and property may ini... more In the land development process, related written and unwritten rules on land and property may initiate or constrain agents' decision to undertake land development. This paper examines the existence of formal and informal rules within the economic and legal frameworks affecting the land development decisions with special reference to the need for an environmental law and its implication. Using an institutional economics analysis, it shows the way in which these rules affect land development decisions and, thus, restrict or initiate the smooth flow of the land development process. Besides positive effect of controlling, planning and environmental requirements may lengthen the duration of the land development process. The requirements to submit EIA report to authorities for controlling and monitoring purposes may affect the development period and lengthen the land development process. This shows that written and unwritten rules may control as well as encourage the land development process. Therefore, public education on environmental hazards has to be aggressive enough to establish a genuine agenda of sustainable development with a fusion of idealism and pragmatism for the people.

... land which is needed : i. For any public purpose (may not be argued) as stated by the Judge H... more ... land which is needed : i. For any public purpose (may not be argued) as stated by the Judge Hakim Hashim Yeop A. Sani in the S. Kulaisinggam & Anor. vs. Commissioner of Land Territory & Ors. (1982) case 1 MLJ 204 (Noor Azli, 1998); ii. ...

Mobile Money transfer is gaining popularity among peoples in several African countries, where peo... more Mobile Money transfer is gaining popularity among peoples in several African countries, where people are struggling for necessities of the life. In Somalia, the leading telecommunication company (Hormuud) in the capital city, Mogadishu, launched Electronic Voucher Card Plus (EVC Plus), a mobile application technology for money transfer. People including students widely adopted EVC Plus for transferring, selling/buying, sharing, and receiving money to the family members, friends, and businesses. The current study investigates the factors that influence EVC Plus adoption among students in a private university in Mogadishu, Somalia, based on extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). By using proportionate stratified random sampling, 414 students responded to the study. The data was collected in June 2013 and was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. The findings indicated that perceived usefulness (β=.275, t=5.435, p<.001), perceived ease of use (β=.222, t=4.826, p<.001) and percei...

Third World Quarterly, 1999

Somalia and Somaliland are both inhabited basically by SomalisÐ w ith small Oromo minorities in b... more Somalia and Somaliland are both inhabited basically by SomalisÐ w ith small Oromo minorities in both, and a large Swahili minority in the latter. Both have multiple clans, sub-clans, lineage and blood groups and in both Islam is central to social values. Somalia had no history of a stable state before Italian rule but Somaliland did (Haud-Hargeisa-B erbera-A rabia trade axis centred). The United Republic of Somalia (rejected in the referendum by Somaliland) passed from political instability to two decades of Said Barre' s increasingly centralised and repressive dictatorship w hich waged war against the Northwest (Somaliland) and Northeast (Bosaso) as well as against Ethiopia. The dictatorship collapsed in 1991 basically because of the 1987± 91 Somaliland Liberation w ar. The economies of Somalia/Somaliland turn on pastoral production, commerce and remittances. These have recovered in part in Somalia and fully in Somaliland. However, only a fraction of the Barre regimes dissolution of service delivery and user friendly law and order capicity has been made good in Somaliland and virtually more in Somalia. USA/UN intervention did limit starvation andÐ for a timeÐ open violence. That was at a high cost in ® nances, in the reputation of peacekeeping and to Somalis. UNOSOM answered political and civil questions before having any real grasp of civil, political and economic realities. The price was to entrench warlords and militias and to marginalisè peacelords' (elders and merchants). Somaliland, never occupied by UNOSOM , has engaged in a series of large, long peace conferences of elders from all parts of its territory leading to a real if fragile national/territorial identity with personal security in most areas, an elected president and two house parliament, a user friendly police force and court system and the beginnings of a restored professional civil service.

Analytical Biochemistry, 2015

We expand the spectroscopic utility of a well-known infrared and fluorescence probe, p-cyanopheny... more We expand the spectroscopic utility of a well-known infrared and fluorescence probe, p-cyanophenylalanine, by showing that it can also serve as a pH sensor. This new application is based on the notion that the fluorescence quantum yield of this unnatural amino acid, when placed at or near the N-terminal end of a polypeptide, depends on the protonation status of the N-terminal amino group of the peptide. Using this pH sensor, we are able to determine the N-terminal pKa values of nine tripeptides and also the membrane penetration kinetics of a cell-penetrating peptide. Taken together, these examples demonstrate the applicability of using this unnatural amino acid fluorophore to study pH-dependent biological processes or events that accompany a pH change.

At the early 15 th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property invest... more At the early 15 th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property investment and development. Using the cash waqf as an instrument, they have successfully been able to develop property waqf distinguishably. Similar development has been sighted in the Islamic world years later especially in Egypt, Kuwait and Indonesia. In Malaysia, since the inception of the fatwa on the applicability of cash waqf in 2007, many have been promoting and capitalising the availability of cash waqf into property albeit risky investment. This paper sought to examine the way in which cash waqf is utilised in the growing activities of waqf property. By comparing and contrasting between these two instruments of waqf, one needs to fully understand the importance of inalienability, perpetuity and illiquidity as investment qualities of them. Using secondary data in the case of Iskandar Malaysia, the scenario of inaffordability in owning properties is sighted. Interestingly, therefore, ca...

Background - It’s been ages! After a century of being surrendered, wakaf Seetee Aisah(WSA) was fi... more Background - It’s been ages! After a century of being surrendered, wakaf Seetee Aisah(WSA) was finally improved and optimally beneficited as desires.However, there are still 88 percent of registered waqf lands have not been upgraded and developed.due to the inadequate treatment by law and market forces. Invisibly, deficiency in mutawwallis’ capability and capacity are among the contributors for the delay.Working in a team would be an appropriate interface in reviving those demoted waqf lands. Shared understanding of the team work and task work were in a linear relationship with the social philanthropic waqf character.Thus, cross-sector partnership was the identified runtime used in WSA development. Purpose - This shared mental model (SMM) life story is lays on the first commercial waqf land development in Malaysia. The study aims to understand on how does the interaction and adaptability were applied among the members.in positioning themselves in the WSA development team. By having ...

Institutional economics offers insights into various factors affecting the land development proce... more Institutional economics offers insights into various factors affecting the land development process. It considers a fuller insight into the formal and informal rules, embedded within broader social, political and economic frameworks, which govern the interaction between various human agents in the land development process. This paper seeks to examine theoretical framework of agency social relations and its application in the land development process with special reference to the initiative taken by various bodies to redevelop the indigenous areas in Kuala Lumpur. The causes and consequences of land development decisions by landowners, planners, developers, estate agents and other parties were discussed in the light of the supply of land in the case study areas for development purposes. In so doing, the paper explains the nature, role and importance of institutional economics perspectives with reference to formal and informal rules affecting the indigenous land supply for development...

At the early 15th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property investm... more At the early 15th Century, the Ottoman Empire used to incorporate cash waqf into property investment and development. Using the cash waqf as an instrument, they have successfully been able to develop property waqf distinguishably. Similar development has been sighted in the Islamic world years later especially in Egypt, Kuwait and Indonesia. In Malaysia, since the inception of the fatwa on the applicability of cash waqf in 2007, many have been promoting and capitalising the availability of cash waqf into property albeit risky investment. This paper sought to examine the way in which cash waqf is utilised in the growing activities of waqf property. By comparing and contrasting between these two instruments of waqf, one needs to fully understand the importance of inalienability, perpetuity and illiquidity as investment qualities of them. Using secondary data in the case of Iskandar Malaysia, the scenario of inaffordability in owning properties is sighted. Interestingly, therefore, cas...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

The abundant of Waqf land (WL) administrated by State Islamic Religion Council (SIRC) are growing... more The abundant of Waqf land (WL) administrated by State Islamic Religion Council (SIRC) are growing over the years unsolved. The location of these WL are strategic and capable for commercial benefits through property development investment project. Yet, the development funds’ constraint restraints SIRC to develop the WL’s potential. This study examine the structure of management of indirect real estate investment (IREI) instrument and carried out a benchmarking comparison analysis to suggest a workable IREI to unlock WL potential. But, concept of Waqf prevents sub-sale of Waqf ownership exchange transaction. While, private property trust fund (PPTF) is a close fund and distribute dividend. This study suggest a conceptual idea Waqf private property trust fund (WPPTF) as mechanism for WL unlock initiative. The structure of management of WPPTF is different since Waqf unit holders whom cash donor would not receive any investment return, instead SIRC as a caretaker of Waqf properties benef...

Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 2010

The study deals with landownership constraints that restrict the supply of brown field sites onto... more The study deals with landownership constraints that restrict the supply of brown field sites onto the market for redevelopment purposes. The constraints may disturb the effectiveness of the land market. As a result, the underutilized area may become derelict and needs regeneration in the form of urban renewal programs. Empirically, the study investigates sources of landownership constraints in the area of brown field sites in Kuala Lumpur. Data were gathered using interview with selected landowners of undeveloped and developed sites to examine why they had developed or simply abandoned their lands undeveloped. Qualitative analysis was undertaken to collect data from respondents using either direct and/or indirect quotations. The main finding is that landowners were unwilling to undertake redevelopment due to landownership constraints as revealed by transaction costs involved in the initiatives to transfer the indigenous lands. The findings enable various interested parties to strategize their actions in the future to redevelop brown field sites in Kuala Lumpur.

The government is already embarked on the transformation program of waqf land for development pur... more The government is already embarked on the transformation program of waqf land for development purpose. In fact, there are a lot of opportunities for improvement of waqf lands in the country. Data reveals that less than half of thousands acreage of waqf lands are having high potential for economic development. Unfortunately, there are constraints that restrict the smooth flow of land supply onto the market for development purposes. Problems with land administration and registration of waqf land, human resources and technical expertise hampered the initiatives to undertake development of potential waqf land for improvement. Using Structure and Agency Approach (Healey, 1992), the study empirically investigates the sources of waqf land supply constraints for development in Kota Bharu District, Kelantan and find ways to unlock the macro and micro factors that constrain the potential economic values of waqf lands. To fulfill these endeavours within the transformation agenda, a concerted effort of all parties related to the formulation of waqf land administration policy need to be initiated as the way forward.

Habitat International, 2002

This paper raises a number of important issues relating to legal and economic development concept... more This paper raises a number of important issues relating to legal and economic development concepts. It concentrates on the supply constraints affecting land development decisions of both private and public landowners in releasing land for development purposes. With reference to the indigenous land rights in Kuala Lumpur, this paper focuses on the restrictions in interest, which may limit the land from being transferred in the open market. With a limited market, the indigenous land achieves a lower value in the market place because transactions are limited within a particular group of people only. As a result, the market forces are restricted and the land development process for urban regeneration often comes to a halt. In examining the role of the indigenous land market in the redevelopment process of Kuala Lumpur, the study uses an institutional analysis to show the way in which these restrictions in interest affect landowners' decisions and, thus, restrict the supply of land to real estate redevelopment. In conclusion, the paper shows various causes for land supply constraints and ways to improve these with the aim to undertake urban redevelopment initiatives considering pressure for more land in the market.

Paper presented on the 8th Pacific Rim Real Estate …, 2002

In the land development process, related written and unwritten rules on land and property may ini... more In the land development process, related written and unwritten rules on land and property may initiate or constrain agents' decision to undertake land development. This paper examines the existence of formal and informal rules within the economic and legal frameworks affecting the land development decisions with special reference to the need for an environmental law and its implication. Using an institutional economics analysis, it shows the way in which these rules affect land development decisions and, thus, restrict or initiate the smooth flow of the land development process. Besides positive effect of controlling, planning and environmental requirements may lengthen the duration of the land development process. The requirements to submit EIA report to authorities for controlling and monitoring purposes may affect the development period and lengthen the land development process. This shows that written and unwritten rules may control as well as encourage the land development process. Therefore, public education on environmental hazards has to be aggressive enough to establish a genuine agenda of sustainable development with a fusion of idealism and pragmatism for the people.

... land which is needed : i. For any public purpose (may not be argued) as stated by the Judge H... more ... land which is needed : i. For any public purpose (may not be argued) as stated by the Judge Hakim Hashim Yeop A. Sani in the S. Kulaisinggam &amp;amp;amp;amp; Anor. vs. Commissioner of Land Territory &amp;amp;amp;amp; Ors. (1982) case 1 MLJ 204 (Noor Azli, 1998); ii. ...

Mobile Money transfer is gaining popularity among peoples in several African countries, where peo... more Mobile Money transfer is gaining popularity among peoples in several African countries, where people are struggling for necessities of the life. In Somalia, the leading telecommunication company (Hormuud) in the capital city, Mogadishu, launched Electronic Voucher Card Plus (EVC Plus), a mobile application technology for money transfer. People including students widely adopted EVC Plus for transferring, selling/buying, sharing, and receiving money to the family members, friends, and businesses. The current study investigates the factors that influence EVC Plus adoption among students in a private university in Mogadishu, Somalia, based on extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). By using proportionate stratified random sampling, 414 students responded to the study. The data was collected in June 2013 and was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. The findings indicated that perceived usefulness (β=.275, t=5.435, p<.001), perceived ease of use (β=.222, t=4.826, p<.001) and percei...

Third World Quarterly, 1999

Somalia and Somaliland are both inhabited basically by SomalisÐ w ith small Oromo minorities in b... more Somalia and Somaliland are both inhabited basically by SomalisÐ w ith small Oromo minorities in both, and a large Swahili minority in the latter. Both have multiple clans, sub-clans, lineage and blood groups and in both Islam is central to social values. Somalia had no history of a stable state before Italian rule but Somaliland did (Haud-Hargeisa-B erbera-A rabia trade axis centred). The United Republic of Somalia (rejected in the referendum by Somaliland) passed from political instability to two decades of Said Barre' s increasingly centralised and repressive dictatorship w hich waged war against the Northwest (Somaliland) and Northeast (Bosaso) as well as against Ethiopia. The dictatorship collapsed in 1991 basically because of the 1987± 91 Somaliland Liberation w ar. The economies of Somalia/Somaliland turn on pastoral production, commerce and remittances. These have recovered in part in Somalia and fully in Somaliland. However, only a fraction of the Barre regimes dissolution of service delivery and user friendly law and order capicity has been made good in Somaliland and virtually more in Somalia. USA/UN intervention did limit starvation andÐ for a timeÐ open violence. That was at a high cost in ® nances, in the reputation of peacekeeping and to Somalis. UNOSOM answered political and civil questions before having any real grasp of civil, political and economic realities. The price was to entrench warlords and militias and to marginalisè peacelords' (elders and merchants). Somaliland, never occupied by UNOSOM , has engaged in a series of large, long peace conferences of elders from all parts of its territory leading to a real if fragile national/territorial identity with personal security in most areas, an elected president and two house parliament, a user friendly police force and court system and the beginnings of a restored professional civil service.

Analytical Biochemistry, 2015

We expand the spectroscopic utility of a well-known infrared and fluorescence probe, p-cyanopheny... more We expand the spectroscopic utility of a well-known infrared and fluorescence probe, p-cyanophenylalanine, by showing that it can also serve as a pH sensor. This new application is based on the notion that the fluorescence quantum yield of this unnatural amino acid, when placed at or near the N-terminal end of a polypeptide, depends on the protonation status of the N-terminal amino group of the peptide. Using this pH sensor, we are able to determine the N-terminal pKa values of nine tripeptides and also the membrane penetration kinetics of a cell-penetrating peptide. Taken together, these examples demonstrate the applicability of using this unnatural amino acid fluorophore to study pH-dependent biological processes or events that accompany a pH change.