itohan oaku - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by itohan oaku

West African journal of medicine, Oct 20, 2022

West African journal of medicine, 2020

BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are limited data on the use of different treatment modalities for acne ... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are limited data on the use of different treatment modalities for acne scar in Nigeria despite their widespread availability. Cost of treatment may limit the number treated despite treatment being desired by patients. Also, it is not known, what the Nigerian patient is willing to pay for these treatments. The aim of this study was to assess: perceptions and attitude towards acne scars, determine awareness that acne scars can be treated, determine the knowledge of acne scar treatment modalities and the willingness to pay for these treatments. METHODOLOGY Cross sectional descriptive study of 50 adult patients with acne scar aged 18 years and above. Patients were clinically examined for type of acne scar. Socio-demographic data, clinical profile, perception, awareness of acne scar treatment modalities and their availability was documented using a study questionnaire designed for the study. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22. Level of signifi...

West African journal of medicine, Aug 31, 2022

West African journal of medicine, 2021

BACKGROUND Lichen planus is a darkly pigmented skin disease that impairs the quality of life of p... more BACKGROUND Lichen planus is a darkly pigmented skin disease that impairs the quality of life of patients. The effect of lichen planus on patient's quality of life (QoL) is not widely documented. The study's objective was to determine QoL impairment of LP patients, determine what aspect of QoL is impaired, and correlate clinical and sociodemographic characteristics with QOL impairment. METHODOLOGY This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from February 2018 to January 2019 at the outpatient dermatology clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. All consecutive newly diagnosed LP patients who gave their consent were recruited into the study. Socio-demographic data and QoL (using the dermatology life quality index, DLQI) was documented. The hospital's ethical committee gave ethical approval for the study. The patients were clinically examined. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. The level of significance of all test...

West African journal of medicine, 2020

BACKGROUND Studies on the QOL of Vitiligo patients are few in Nigeria with consequent limited rep... more BACKGROUND Studies on the QOL of Vitiligo patients are few in Nigeria with consequent limited reports of the relationship between QOL and vitiligo. Also, the VitiQoL has not been used in Nigerian studies. The objective of this study, therefore, was to determine the QOL of Vitiligo patients using the VitiQoL to determine the socio-demographic and clinical factors which impair QOL and the QOL items affected by vitiligo. METHODS This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 29 newly diagnosed vitiligo patients over a one year period at the skin clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital following ethical approval. Patients were clinically evaluated, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics were documented using a questionnaire designed for the study. Quality of life was assessed using two instruments; the VitiQoL and the DQLI. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM version 22 was used for data analysis and p<0.05 was considered significant for all...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2019

A 33-year-old male was treated with isotretinoin (20mg daily) for hidradenitis suppurativa. After... more A 33-year-old male was treated with isotretinoin (20mg daily) for hidradenitis suppurativa. After 6 weeks on the medication, he developed symmetrical erythematous tense blisters on the lower legs. Report of biopsy done was of intraepidermal blisters with superficial dermal lymphohistiocytic infitrates. He was commenced on oral prednisolone 30mg daily and Isotretinoin was withdrawn. The blisters resolved over a 2week period. The lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa were noticed to have improved with the short course of isotretionoin.

West African journal of medicine, 2021

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies of adult female acne vulgaris are few despite its increasing presenta... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies of adult female acne vulgaris are few despite its increasing presentation in dermatology clinics. Adult female acne is classified as either late onset, persistent acne or return acne with a mixed pattern of inflammation in most females. The aim of this study was to document the socio-demographic characteristics (late onset, persistent acne, age, pre-menstrual flare) and clinical profile (severity, pattern, type of lesions, scarring and type of scars) of adult female acne patients. METHODOLOGY Cross sectional descriptive study of 56 adult female acne patients aged 25 years and above. Patients were clinically examined and severity of acne graded with the Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale. Socio-demographic data and clinical profile was documented using a questionnaire designed for the study. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance of all tests was set at 5%. RESULTS Age range was 25-67 years with a mean age of 33.4 years...

Ghana Medical Journal

Objective: To document the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, believed triggers and assoc... more Objective: To document the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, believed triggers and associated behaviour in hair greying.Design: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in February 2020 following ethical ap-proval and written informed consent from participants. All participants were clinically evaluated for hair greying, its pattern and location on the scalp. Socio-demographic data were documented. Data was entered and analyzed using the IBM statistics software version 22. Numerical and categorical variables are presented.Setting: The study was conducted at an urban market in Lagos, Nigeria.Participants: The study participants comprised 307 adult traders.Results: The mean age of the 307 participants studied was 42.7±12.8 years. The prevalence of hair greying was 47.6% (51% in males and 45.9% in females). The median (IQR) age of those with grey hair was 52 (44, 59) years. The prevalence of hair greying was 14.8% in those aged 30-34 years and 97.2% in...

Dermatologic Therapy, 2021

Self‐medication is common with dermatology patients. Yet, studies on this phenomenon are few. The... more Self‐medication is common with dermatology patients. Yet, studies on this phenomenon are few. The pattern and reasons for self‐medication are not clear. The objective of this study was to document the prevalence, pattern, source of drug information, and reasons for self‐medication among dermatology patients. This was a prospective cross‐sectional study of 468 adult dermatology patients over a 9‐month period. A self‐administered questionnaire was administered to all new patients to the dermatology outpatient clinic. The questionnaire had questions on sociodemographic data, self‐medication, what specifically was used by the patients, source of information, and reasons for self‐medication. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0. Statistics such as means, medians, and frequencies. t test and chi‐square test are presented. The mean age of the patients was 37.9 ± 16.3. The prevalence of self‐medication was 63.7%. The pattern of self‐medication was herbal only in 11.7%, western medication ...

Background: A lot has been written on post adolescent acne and its effect on quality of life in w... more Background: A lot has been written on post adolescent acne and its effect on quality of life in women but not in men. The differences if any between post adolescent acne in men and women is not known. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical features and quality of life affectation of post adolescent acne in males and females. Patients and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over one year on 77 patients who had post adolescent acne. Sociodemographic data was documented. They were clinically evaluated for lesion type and acne severity was graded. Quality of life impairment was documented using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) instrument. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance of all statistical tests was set at P<0.05. Results: There were 77 post adolescent acne patients made up of 27.3% males and 72.7% females. Prevalence of acne was 15.5% in males and 19.3% in females. Median age was 28 years in males and 31 y...

Background: Documentations on pattern of acne and quality of life are mostly in adolescents and a... more Background: Documentations on pattern of acne and quality of life are mostly in adolescents and adult females. Female acne is said to be different from adolescent acne. It is not known if male acne is different. The aim of this study was to document the pattern of male acne vulgaris, compare with adolescent acne, determine the quality of life and the associated factors. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional prospective study of 64 male acne patients over a one year period. Socio-demographic parameters and clinical history was documented using a data questionnaire. Clinical examination to assess lesion type, anatomical location and severity of acne was conducted. Quality of life was assessed using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 22 and a p value of <0.05 was adjudged to be significant for all tests. Results: Mean age of the group was 22.8±7.4 years. Family history of acne was present in 45.3%, self-medication for acne in 47%. Duration of ac...

Background The risk factors for adult female acne (AFA) and their influence on severity are uncle... more Background The risk factors for adult female acne (AFA) and their influence on severity are unclear. The aim of this study was to document the role of diet, body mass index (BMI), premenstrual flare, and family history of acne as risk factors and cause of severity of AFA. Methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study of 112 women age ≥25 years. The women were clinically evaluated. Sociodemographic data (age, family history of acne, premenstrual flare, weight, and height) and dietary habits were documented. Age, weight, height, and dietary habits of controls were also documented. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 22. Results The mean age of the 56 patients with AFA was 33.4 ± 8.2 years (controls: 24.5 ± 4.4 years). Premenstrual flare of acne was noted in 58.9% of patients, a family history of acne was present in 51.8% of patients, and the mean BMI was 25.2 ± 4.9 (32.1%). A risk factor for AFA was a family history of acne (p ≤ 0.001). Dietary habits (chicken...

Background: Urticaria is a recurrent pruritic skin disease characterised by wheals and or angioed... more Background: Urticaria is a recurrent pruritic skin disease characterised by wheals and or angioedema. The recurrent nature of urticaria, pruritus and wheals impacts negatively on the quality of life of patients. Prevalence studies, type, trigger factors and patient related factors including serum IgE vary depending on site of study. These factors were not documented in our patients. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics of our urticaria patients and determine the proportion of urticaria patients who have elevated Sr IgE, Eosinophilia, Basophilia, Hepatitis B and C virus seropositivity. Also, to correlate elevated Sr IgE with age, gender, presence of atopy, dermographism, type of urticaria, raised eosinophil count and resolution with anti-histamines. Methods: A retrospective case review was conducted on 43 patients who attended the dermatology outpatient clinic from January 2017 to December 2018. The sociodemographic and clinical parameters of patients wa...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Eruptive xanthomas are uncommon with only case reports documented making it difficult to have a p... more Eruptive xanthomas are uncommon with only case reports documented making it difficult to have a prevalence figure. These asymptomatic eruptions are usually a clue to an underlying metabolic disorder with associated cardiovascular risk. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent its associated morbidity and mortality. We present a case series of 2 males (29 and 40 years) and 3 females (14, 28 and 40 years old). They presented with lesions clinically consistent with eruptive xanthomas. Laboratory and histologic investigations revealed dyslipidemia and lipid laden macrophages. They were placed on statins with an improvement of skin lesions and improvement in lipid levels. Dermatologists should be aware of skin lesions as a marker of severe dyslipidemia and its attendant cardiovascular risk. Early treatment leads to resolution of xanthomas and prevention of cardiac related morbidity and mortality.

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

West African journal of medicine, Oct 20, 2022

West African journal of medicine, 2020

BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are limited data on the use of different treatment modalities for acne ... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are limited data on the use of different treatment modalities for acne scar in Nigeria despite their widespread availability. Cost of treatment may limit the number treated despite treatment being desired by patients. Also, it is not known, what the Nigerian patient is willing to pay for these treatments. The aim of this study was to assess: perceptions and attitude towards acne scars, determine awareness that acne scars can be treated, determine the knowledge of acne scar treatment modalities and the willingness to pay for these treatments. METHODOLOGY Cross sectional descriptive study of 50 adult patients with acne scar aged 18 years and above. Patients were clinically examined for type of acne scar. Socio-demographic data, clinical profile, perception, awareness of acne scar treatment modalities and their availability was documented using a study questionnaire designed for the study. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22. Level of signifi...

West African journal of medicine, Aug 31, 2022

West African journal of medicine, 2021

BACKGROUND Lichen planus is a darkly pigmented skin disease that impairs the quality of life of p... more BACKGROUND Lichen planus is a darkly pigmented skin disease that impairs the quality of life of patients. The effect of lichen planus on patient's quality of life (QoL) is not widely documented. The study's objective was to determine QoL impairment of LP patients, determine what aspect of QoL is impaired, and correlate clinical and sociodemographic characteristics with QOL impairment. METHODOLOGY This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from February 2018 to January 2019 at the outpatient dermatology clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. All consecutive newly diagnosed LP patients who gave their consent were recruited into the study. Socio-demographic data and QoL (using the dermatology life quality index, DLQI) was documented. The hospital's ethical committee gave ethical approval for the study. The patients were clinically examined. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. The level of significance of all test...

West African journal of medicine, 2020

BACKGROUND Studies on the QOL of Vitiligo patients are few in Nigeria with consequent limited rep... more BACKGROUND Studies on the QOL of Vitiligo patients are few in Nigeria with consequent limited reports of the relationship between QOL and vitiligo. Also, the VitiQoL has not been used in Nigerian studies. The objective of this study, therefore, was to determine the QOL of Vitiligo patients using the VitiQoL to determine the socio-demographic and clinical factors which impair QOL and the QOL items affected by vitiligo. METHODS This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 29 newly diagnosed vitiligo patients over a one year period at the skin clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital following ethical approval. Patients were clinically evaluated, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics were documented using a questionnaire designed for the study. Quality of life was assessed using two instruments; the VitiQoL and the DQLI. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM version 22 was used for data analysis and p<0.05 was considered significant for all...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2019

A 33-year-old male was treated with isotretinoin (20mg daily) for hidradenitis suppurativa. After... more A 33-year-old male was treated with isotretinoin (20mg daily) for hidradenitis suppurativa. After 6 weeks on the medication, he developed symmetrical erythematous tense blisters on the lower legs. Report of biopsy done was of intraepidermal blisters with superficial dermal lymphohistiocytic infitrates. He was commenced on oral prednisolone 30mg daily and Isotretinoin was withdrawn. The blisters resolved over a 2week period. The lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa were noticed to have improved with the short course of isotretionoin.

West African journal of medicine, 2021

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies of adult female acne vulgaris are few despite its increasing presenta... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies of adult female acne vulgaris are few despite its increasing presentation in dermatology clinics. Adult female acne is classified as either late onset, persistent acne or return acne with a mixed pattern of inflammation in most females. The aim of this study was to document the socio-demographic characteristics (late onset, persistent acne, age, pre-menstrual flare) and clinical profile (severity, pattern, type of lesions, scarring and type of scars) of adult female acne patients. METHODOLOGY Cross sectional descriptive study of 56 adult female acne patients aged 25 years and above. Patients were clinically examined and severity of acne graded with the Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale. Socio-demographic data and clinical profile was documented using a questionnaire designed for the study. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance of all tests was set at 5%. RESULTS Age range was 25-67 years with a mean age of 33.4 years...

Ghana Medical Journal

Objective: To document the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, believed triggers and assoc... more Objective: To document the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, believed triggers and associated behaviour in hair greying.Design: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in February 2020 following ethical ap-proval and written informed consent from participants. All participants were clinically evaluated for hair greying, its pattern and location on the scalp. Socio-demographic data were documented. Data was entered and analyzed using the IBM statistics software version 22. Numerical and categorical variables are presented.Setting: The study was conducted at an urban market in Lagos, Nigeria.Participants: The study participants comprised 307 adult traders.Results: The mean age of the 307 participants studied was 42.7±12.8 years. The prevalence of hair greying was 47.6% (51% in males and 45.9% in females). The median (IQR) age of those with grey hair was 52 (44, 59) years. The prevalence of hair greying was 14.8% in those aged 30-34 years and 97.2% in...

Dermatologic Therapy, 2021

Self‐medication is common with dermatology patients. Yet, studies on this phenomenon are few. The... more Self‐medication is common with dermatology patients. Yet, studies on this phenomenon are few. The pattern and reasons for self‐medication are not clear. The objective of this study was to document the prevalence, pattern, source of drug information, and reasons for self‐medication among dermatology patients. This was a prospective cross‐sectional study of 468 adult dermatology patients over a 9‐month period. A self‐administered questionnaire was administered to all new patients to the dermatology outpatient clinic. The questionnaire had questions on sociodemographic data, self‐medication, what specifically was used by the patients, source of information, and reasons for self‐medication. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0. Statistics such as means, medians, and frequencies. t test and chi‐square test are presented. The mean age of the patients was 37.9 ± 16.3. The prevalence of self‐medication was 63.7%. The pattern of self‐medication was herbal only in 11.7%, western medication ...

Background: A lot has been written on post adolescent acne and its effect on quality of life in w... more Background: A lot has been written on post adolescent acne and its effect on quality of life in women but not in men. The differences if any between post adolescent acne in men and women is not known. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical features and quality of life affectation of post adolescent acne in males and females. Patients and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over one year on 77 patients who had post adolescent acne. Sociodemographic data was documented. They were clinically evaluated for lesion type and acne severity was graded. Quality of life impairment was documented using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) instrument. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance of all statistical tests was set at P<0.05. Results: There were 77 post adolescent acne patients made up of 27.3% males and 72.7% females. Prevalence of acne was 15.5% in males and 19.3% in females. Median age was 28 years in males and 31 y...

Background: Documentations on pattern of acne and quality of life are mostly in adolescents and a... more Background: Documentations on pattern of acne and quality of life are mostly in adolescents and adult females. Female acne is said to be different from adolescent acne. It is not known if male acne is different. The aim of this study was to document the pattern of male acne vulgaris, compare with adolescent acne, determine the quality of life and the associated factors. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional prospective study of 64 male acne patients over a one year period. Socio-demographic parameters and clinical history was documented using a data questionnaire. Clinical examination to assess lesion type, anatomical location and severity of acne was conducted. Quality of life was assessed using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 22 and a p value of <0.05 was adjudged to be significant for all tests. Results: Mean age of the group was 22.8±7.4 years. Family history of acne was present in 45.3%, self-medication for acne in 47%. Duration of ac...

Background The risk factors for adult female acne (AFA) and their influence on severity are uncle... more Background The risk factors for adult female acne (AFA) and their influence on severity are unclear. The aim of this study was to document the role of diet, body mass index (BMI), premenstrual flare, and family history of acne as risk factors and cause of severity of AFA. Methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study of 112 women age ≥25 years. The women were clinically evaluated. Sociodemographic data (age, family history of acne, premenstrual flare, weight, and height) and dietary habits were documented. Age, weight, height, and dietary habits of controls were also documented. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 22. Results The mean age of the 56 patients with AFA was 33.4 ± 8.2 years (controls: 24.5 ± 4.4 years). Premenstrual flare of acne was noted in 58.9% of patients, a family history of acne was present in 51.8% of patients, and the mean BMI was 25.2 ± 4.9 (32.1%). A risk factor for AFA was a family history of acne (p ≤ 0.001). Dietary habits (chicken...

Background: Urticaria is a recurrent pruritic skin disease characterised by wheals and or angioed... more Background: Urticaria is a recurrent pruritic skin disease characterised by wheals and or angioedema. The recurrent nature of urticaria, pruritus and wheals impacts negatively on the quality of life of patients. Prevalence studies, type, trigger factors and patient related factors including serum IgE vary depending on site of study. These factors were not documented in our patients. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics of our urticaria patients and determine the proportion of urticaria patients who have elevated Sr IgE, Eosinophilia, Basophilia, Hepatitis B and C virus seropositivity. Also, to correlate elevated Sr IgE with age, gender, presence of atopy, dermographism, type of urticaria, raised eosinophil count and resolution with anti-histamines. Methods: A retrospective case review was conducted on 43 patients who attended the dermatology outpatient clinic from January 2017 to December 2018. The sociodemographic and clinical parameters of patients wa...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Eruptive xanthomas are uncommon with only case reports documented making it difficult to have a p... more Eruptive xanthomas are uncommon with only case reports documented making it difficult to have a prevalence figure. These asymptomatic eruptions are usually a clue to an underlying metabolic disorder with associated cardiovascular risk. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent its associated morbidity and mortality. We present a case series of 2 males (29 and 40 years) and 3 females (14, 28 and 40 years old). They presented with lesions clinically consistent with eruptive xanthomas. Laboratory and histologic investigations revealed dyslipidemia and lipid laden macrophages. They were placed on statins with an improvement of skin lesions and improvement in lipid levels. Dermatologists should be aware of skin lesions as a marker of severe dyslipidemia and its attendant cardiovascular risk. Early treatment leads to resolution of xanthomas and prevention of cardiac related morbidity and mortality.

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

International Journal of Women's Dermatology