jagdish sapkale - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by jagdish sapkale
Disaster Advances, 2020
Numerous coastal landforms have been found in the parts of west coast of Maharashtra. The deposit... more Numerous coastal landforms have been found in the parts of west coast of Maharashtra. The depositional coastal land forms like sand bars, sand dune and sand spits are continuously varying coastal landforms in the region. These coastal landforms are changing their characteristics seasonally due to the coastal and fluvial processes and also changes due to the human intervention. An attempt has been made to assess the size and shapes of sandspits of Phanase, Tambaldeg, and Tondavali for the year 2003 ,2011 and 2019. The variations in the spits have also been evaluated periodically for the considered years. Every year the dimension of the sand spits has changed at these sites. The data variation in the shape, size and aerial extent of the sand spit has been procured from the Remote Sensing Technique and Google Earth Satellite Images. Besides this, a field survey with the in situ observation of sand spits at primary stage was also conducted at the coastal area of Phanase, Tambaldeg and Tondavali.
Mangrove tracts along the estuaries in the coastal areas nowadays affected due to the deposition ... more Mangrove tracts along the estuaries in the coastal areas nowadays affected due to the deposition of heavy metals like zinc, copper, lead, iron etc. Most of these heavy metals acts as a pollutants which is coming from the upstream areas of the estuarine or river basin, particularly collected from the agricultural and industrial sectors.The decline of mangroves is alternately influencing on the distribution patterns of heavy metal. The circulation of such metals in the food chain of the living things is also changing. In the present research work soil samples were collected from different mangrove sites of Rajapur estuary and analysed for the status of Iron, Zinc, Copper and Manganese.
Nowadays river systems consisting with uneven number of natural resources face different problems... more Nowadays river systems consisting with uneven number of natural resources face different problems with a large population pressure and climate change. To overcome such problems, the river basins must monitor properly using advanced technologies. In the present research work, an effort verifying the detailed morphometric characteristics of Morna river is undertaken which itself is a part of Warna basin of Maharashtra. A morphometric analysis of Morna river proceeds using geospatial techniques. The purpose of assimilation of morphological features and analyzing properties of basins can be done by using GIS and image processing techniques. Linear and areal aspects of morphometric parameters can be evaluated using GIS. The present task copes mainly with morphometric parameters such as stream order, stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, texture ratio, elongation ratio, circularity ratio and form factor ratio etc. For the preparation of DEM, Cartosat data can be used; whereas for the evaluation of linear, areal and relief aspects of morphometric parameters GIS technique can be taken into consideration. The Morna river basin is estimated to have an area of 172.2 km 2. The study area was concerned with 1 st to 6 th stream orders. There are altogether 449 streams with a total stream length of 395.25km. Present research work is useful to understand the topography, erosional status and drainage pattern of the area and also for constructing a comprehensive watershed development plan. This study plays an important role in planning rainwater harvesting and watershed management also.
Aggradation and Degradation are the fluvial processes mostly associated with a river and its diff... more Aggradation and Degradation are the fluvial processes mostly associated with a river and its differentiating parameters. Aggradation and degradation are generally influenced by river discharge, sediment load, morphological characteristics of river channel and human interventions. If the river water is unable to transfer the bed load or the channel material then the same is deposited within the channel and channel height increases, aggradation occurs. This also leads to change the river morphology and hydraulic geometry. Degradation is another process which is responsible for the lowering of river bed and also shifting the channel banks. In the present paper an attempt is taken to review the processes of aggradation and degradation and their influence on the river channel.
Sea waves are the powerful agent of seashore erosion. Once waves attacked on coasts; beaches and ... more Sea waves are the powerful agent of seashore erosion. Once waves attacked on coasts; beaches and headlands are the landforms which faces first and finally influenced by wave energy in terms of erosion. In the coastal areas; beaches, sand bars, sand spits and sand dunes are the depositional landforms which continuously interact with tidal waves. Among these, sand dunes are the coastal feature which also significantly protects the landward ecosystem and settlements by the disastrous effects of tidal waves, storms, cyclone, tsunamis etc. The present research work attempted to study the sand dunes of Mithmumbari and Kunkeshwar- the coastal areas of Devgad, Maharashtra. The study also focussed on degradation of sand dunes in the study area.
Maharashtra state is having a variety of resources and is one of the developed state in India. Ma... more Maharashtra state is having a variety of resources and is one of the developed state in India. Maharashtra state lies in the western and central part of country. The western part of Maharashtra is bordered by Arabian Sea and having a coastline of 720 kms. Coastline of Maharashtra consists of wetlands in terms of marshes and mangroves, which provides food and shelters to the Aquatic Organisms and also protect the coastal settlement and agricultural land from natural calamities. Now a day’s mangrove vegetation is more vulnerable due to human interferences and at time vulnerable to natural Climatic Changes too. Authors have highlighted the status and conservation of mangroves in Maharashtra.
The present research work aims to study the cross sectional changes in Bhogawati channel after a ... more The present research work aims to study the cross sectional changes in Bhogawati channel after a flood. Torrential rains of past 7-8 year's monsoon caused extensive floods in Kolhapur and other areas of Maharashtra and claimed so many deaths and damage to the property. In view of this, aggradational and degradational impact in channel has been studied because the channels are logical and efficient place to investigate the geomorphic effects of force, resistance, erosion, transportation and deposition. In Bhogawati channel the flow of river water and the distribution of bed material have been regulated by Radhanagari dam. Uneven distribution and release of river water during monsoon rains leads to sudden changes in river processes and effects on channel. In the present study, morphological changes in river Bhogawati have been examined in terms of change in river cross-sections, channel width, depth and its bed configuration. It has also observed that sugarcane is the main cash crop in Bhogawati river basin. But increase in sugarcane cultivation also leads to show indirect ill effects in the study area. Providing over-irrigation to the agricultural fields, the soil material getting loose that helps in heavy erosion during the monsoon. The detached loose material washed out from the fields and added with the rills and gullies of the tributaries, moreover moving as a bed load in the river channel. Uneven and low discharges after monsoon in the river channel due to controlling measures like dams and K.T.weirs (Kolhapur type weirs) tends to slow down the river velocities and carrying capacity, resulting for silting up of channel. Such conditions have been noticed at locations of Tarale K.T. weir, Avli and Rashivade K.T.weir, where the variations in cross sectional area have been found. Sudden breaks in channel slope have been noticed. Comparison of upstream side cross section and downstream side cross section of K.T.weir reveals that such weirs acts as an obstacle for dissipating the river energy and most of the bedload gets deposited in the upstream of the K.T.weirs.
In the present research work, an attempt has been made to study the plan view of Tulsi and Bhogaw... more In the present research work, an attempt has been made to study the plan view of Tulsi and Bhogawati River. The study area forms a part of Tulsi channel from its dam to its confluence near Bid and a channel of Bhogawati from Radhanagari Dam to Prayag Chikhali of Kolhapur District. Channel in plan means, the various channel patterns of river i.e. straight, sinuous, meandering and braided. The study of river plan-form is significantly essential for river restoration and river conservation. Apart from hydrological events, unplanned agricultural activities and deforestation in the basin is extremely responsible in channel erosion and shifts in channel locations that is one of the causes for the variation in sinuosity index of the channel. River is generally controlled by geological characteristics of basin and its plan form, which equally influence on channel slope and shows the erosional or depositional signs of the river. Geomorphic characteristics and within channel variations are also influenced by the variability in river basin and its hydrology. The study of channel in section and channel in plan also predicts the future channel deposition and erosion. Therefore an attempt has been made to study the channel patterns and channel variability of Tulsi and Bhogawati River.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES), Jun 28, 2014
In recent years the study of coastal resource is very essential that provides information to enab... more In recent years the study of coastal resource is very essential that provides information to enable its bearable use. Coastal zone is involving various resources, naturally complex interface between the ocean and land and providing useful products for economic development of the region. The term coastal zone is a spatial zone where interaction of the sea and land processes also occurs, both the terms coast and coastal area habitually used to describe a geographic location or region. The coastal resource includes differential ecosystems like swamps, mangroves, sea grass, salt marshes, mud flats, estuaries etc. Agricultural land is significant natural resource in the area; provide food products to the locals. In the coastal zone of Ratnagiri, most of the agricultural lands along the banks of the estuaries or near the sea are converted to saline land also called as kharlands. Such expansion of the kharlands in the study region shows rapid land degradation in the area. The application of Remote Sensing and GIS is most suitable technique for coastal resource management. GIS based analysis gives better results and effective strategies for the mitigation of such affected coastal zones. Thus coastal kharland areas in southern part of Ratnagiri have been mapped and analyzed using Landsat TM, google earth images and SRTM data.
Paripex-Indian Journal of Research, May 15, 2014
The present research work attempted to study the variations in Sinuosity Index of Tarali Channel ... more The present research work attempted to study the variations in Sinuosity Index of Tarali Channel of Maharashtra, as a
result of human interferences. It has observed that extensive silt excavation is carried along the banks of Tarali and Krishna
rivers at Umbraj of Satara district. This activity along the banks and in agricultural fields has resulted in positive and negative
impacts in the region and reveals that human intervention has resulted for the increase in width of the channel and
influenced on the channel form and plan.
The coastline of Maharashtra is specifically marked with a diversity of geomorphological features... more The coastline of Maharashtra is specifically marked with a diversity of geomorphological features with differentiates coastal landforms. Coastal landforms are produced due to equilibrium condition of erosional and depositional processes which are influenced by the sea waves and tidal energy. The beaches, sand dunes, sand-spits, bars are the depositional landforms of the shoreline. Among them sand spit is a linear accretion of mixed sediments that is attached to land at one end and entered into sea or in the estuary at the mouth. Sand spits significantly protects the mudflats, coastal settlements and estuarine environments from the sea storms and attacking sea waves. But it has observed that the sand spits are degraded at many places in the study area, Therefore, attempted to study the coastal sand spits in the coastal areas of Malvan in Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra.
The present research work of Tarali channel in plan and profile is based on surveying, block cont... more The present research work of Tarali channel in plan and profile is based on surveying, block contouring and the maps of flow lines and material. The block counter map helped a lot in getting detailed plan of the channel. The present work deals with the study of morphology of a channel which can best be understood through the study of channel in section and channel in plan. For this purpose the selected sets of superimposed cross sections have been discussed. The changes caused by the discharge variations and alluvium excavation also attempted. The present study highlights the influences of widespread silt excavation carried out along the banks of Tarali and Krishna rivers at Umbraj. The concentration of alluvium excavation is more noticeable in the lower reaches of River Tarali, near the confluence, tends to shift the channel locations periodically.
River channels, being the container of the moving water and also the product of the movement of t... more River channels, being the container of the moving water and also the product of the movement of the same, become the most dynamic component of a river basin. Variations in the discharges reflect the variations in energy available and hence such variations immediately get reflected in the alterations in the channel morphology. Bank-full discharges are often considered to be the channel forming discharges. However, it does not mean that the flows below this condition do not have any role in shaping the channels. The changes caused by the discharge variations can be understood through the detailed study of the channel morphology. Any variation in the discharge is immediately reflected in channel geometry both in plan and profile. This is particularly true for the segment of channel, which is characteristically 'mobile' in nature, as the erodible materials often respond to flow variations with slightest provocation. In the present day context, an intervention in natural processes at varied levels by man has also resulted in serious ramifications that may range from micro level to macro level. The alluvium excavation for brick making activities have occurring on a massive scale in the area at Umbraj along River Tarali, therefore, the present study aims to analyses the effect of alluvium excavation on channel morphology, bed material and flow lines.
Disaster Advances, 2020
Numerous coastal landforms have been found in the parts of west coast of Maharashtra. The deposit... more Numerous coastal landforms have been found in the parts of west coast of Maharashtra. The depositional coastal land forms like sand bars, sand dune and sand spits are continuously varying coastal landforms in the region. These coastal landforms are changing their characteristics seasonally due to the coastal and fluvial processes and also changes due to the human intervention. An attempt has been made to assess the size and shapes of sandspits of Phanase, Tambaldeg, and Tondavali for the year 2003 ,2011 and 2019. The variations in the spits have also been evaluated periodically for the considered years. Every year the dimension of the sand spits has changed at these sites. The data variation in the shape, size and aerial extent of the sand spit has been procured from the Remote Sensing Technique and Google Earth Satellite Images. Besides this, a field survey with the in situ observation of sand spits at primary stage was also conducted at the coastal area of Phanase, Tambaldeg and Tondavali.
Mangrove tracts along the estuaries in the coastal areas nowadays affected due to the deposition ... more Mangrove tracts along the estuaries in the coastal areas nowadays affected due to the deposition of heavy metals like zinc, copper, lead, iron etc. Most of these heavy metals acts as a pollutants which is coming from the upstream areas of the estuarine or river basin, particularly collected from the agricultural and industrial sectors.The decline of mangroves is alternately influencing on the distribution patterns of heavy metal. The circulation of such metals in the food chain of the living things is also changing. In the present research work soil samples were collected from different mangrove sites of Rajapur estuary and analysed for the status of Iron, Zinc, Copper and Manganese.
Nowadays river systems consisting with uneven number of natural resources face different problems... more Nowadays river systems consisting with uneven number of natural resources face different problems with a large population pressure and climate change. To overcome such problems, the river basins must monitor properly using advanced technologies. In the present research work, an effort verifying the detailed morphometric characteristics of Morna river is undertaken which itself is a part of Warna basin of Maharashtra. A morphometric analysis of Morna river proceeds using geospatial techniques. The purpose of assimilation of morphological features and analyzing properties of basins can be done by using GIS and image processing techniques. Linear and areal aspects of morphometric parameters can be evaluated using GIS. The present task copes mainly with morphometric parameters such as stream order, stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, texture ratio, elongation ratio, circularity ratio and form factor ratio etc. For the preparation of DEM, Cartosat data can be used; whereas for the evaluation of linear, areal and relief aspects of morphometric parameters GIS technique can be taken into consideration. The Morna river basin is estimated to have an area of 172.2 km 2. The study area was concerned with 1 st to 6 th stream orders. There are altogether 449 streams with a total stream length of 395.25km. Present research work is useful to understand the topography, erosional status and drainage pattern of the area and also for constructing a comprehensive watershed development plan. This study plays an important role in planning rainwater harvesting and watershed management also.
Aggradation and Degradation are the fluvial processes mostly associated with a river and its diff... more Aggradation and Degradation are the fluvial processes mostly associated with a river and its differentiating parameters. Aggradation and degradation are generally influenced by river discharge, sediment load, morphological characteristics of river channel and human interventions. If the river water is unable to transfer the bed load or the channel material then the same is deposited within the channel and channel height increases, aggradation occurs. This also leads to change the river morphology and hydraulic geometry. Degradation is another process which is responsible for the lowering of river bed and also shifting the channel banks. In the present paper an attempt is taken to review the processes of aggradation and degradation and their influence on the river channel.
Sea waves are the powerful agent of seashore erosion. Once waves attacked on coasts; beaches and ... more Sea waves are the powerful agent of seashore erosion. Once waves attacked on coasts; beaches and headlands are the landforms which faces first and finally influenced by wave energy in terms of erosion. In the coastal areas; beaches, sand bars, sand spits and sand dunes are the depositional landforms which continuously interact with tidal waves. Among these, sand dunes are the coastal feature which also significantly protects the landward ecosystem and settlements by the disastrous effects of tidal waves, storms, cyclone, tsunamis etc. The present research work attempted to study the sand dunes of Mithmumbari and Kunkeshwar- the coastal areas of Devgad, Maharashtra. The study also focussed on degradation of sand dunes in the study area.
Maharashtra state is having a variety of resources and is one of the developed state in India. Ma... more Maharashtra state is having a variety of resources and is one of the developed state in India. Maharashtra state lies in the western and central part of country. The western part of Maharashtra is bordered by Arabian Sea and having a coastline of 720 kms. Coastline of Maharashtra consists of wetlands in terms of marshes and mangroves, which provides food and shelters to the Aquatic Organisms and also protect the coastal settlement and agricultural land from natural calamities. Now a day’s mangrove vegetation is more vulnerable due to human interferences and at time vulnerable to natural Climatic Changes too. Authors have highlighted the status and conservation of mangroves in Maharashtra.
The present research work aims to study the cross sectional changes in Bhogawati channel after a ... more The present research work aims to study the cross sectional changes in Bhogawati channel after a flood. Torrential rains of past 7-8 year's monsoon caused extensive floods in Kolhapur and other areas of Maharashtra and claimed so many deaths and damage to the property. In view of this, aggradational and degradational impact in channel has been studied because the channels are logical and efficient place to investigate the geomorphic effects of force, resistance, erosion, transportation and deposition. In Bhogawati channel the flow of river water and the distribution of bed material have been regulated by Radhanagari dam. Uneven distribution and release of river water during monsoon rains leads to sudden changes in river processes and effects on channel. In the present study, morphological changes in river Bhogawati have been examined in terms of change in river cross-sections, channel width, depth and its bed configuration. It has also observed that sugarcane is the main cash crop in Bhogawati river basin. But increase in sugarcane cultivation also leads to show indirect ill effects in the study area. Providing over-irrigation to the agricultural fields, the soil material getting loose that helps in heavy erosion during the monsoon. The detached loose material washed out from the fields and added with the rills and gullies of the tributaries, moreover moving as a bed load in the river channel. Uneven and low discharges after monsoon in the river channel due to controlling measures like dams and K.T.weirs (Kolhapur type weirs) tends to slow down the river velocities and carrying capacity, resulting for silting up of channel. Such conditions have been noticed at locations of Tarale K.T. weir, Avli and Rashivade K.T.weir, where the variations in cross sectional area have been found. Sudden breaks in channel slope have been noticed. Comparison of upstream side cross section and downstream side cross section of K.T.weir reveals that such weirs acts as an obstacle for dissipating the river energy and most of the bedload gets deposited in the upstream of the K.T.weirs.
In the present research work, an attempt has been made to study the plan view of Tulsi and Bhogaw... more In the present research work, an attempt has been made to study the plan view of Tulsi and Bhogawati River. The study area forms a part of Tulsi channel from its dam to its confluence near Bid and a channel of Bhogawati from Radhanagari Dam to Prayag Chikhali of Kolhapur District. Channel in plan means, the various channel patterns of river i.e. straight, sinuous, meandering and braided. The study of river plan-form is significantly essential for river restoration and river conservation. Apart from hydrological events, unplanned agricultural activities and deforestation in the basin is extremely responsible in channel erosion and shifts in channel locations that is one of the causes for the variation in sinuosity index of the channel. River is generally controlled by geological characteristics of basin and its plan form, which equally influence on channel slope and shows the erosional or depositional signs of the river. Geomorphic characteristics and within channel variations are also influenced by the variability in river basin and its hydrology. The study of channel in section and channel in plan also predicts the future channel deposition and erosion. Therefore an attempt has been made to study the channel patterns and channel variability of Tulsi and Bhogawati River.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES), Jun 28, 2014
In recent years the study of coastal resource is very essential that provides information to enab... more In recent years the study of coastal resource is very essential that provides information to enable its bearable use. Coastal zone is involving various resources, naturally complex interface between the ocean and land and providing useful products for economic development of the region. The term coastal zone is a spatial zone where interaction of the sea and land processes also occurs, both the terms coast and coastal area habitually used to describe a geographic location or region. The coastal resource includes differential ecosystems like swamps, mangroves, sea grass, salt marshes, mud flats, estuaries etc. Agricultural land is significant natural resource in the area; provide food products to the locals. In the coastal zone of Ratnagiri, most of the agricultural lands along the banks of the estuaries or near the sea are converted to saline land also called as kharlands. Such expansion of the kharlands in the study region shows rapid land degradation in the area. The application of Remote Sensing and GIS is most suitable technique for coastal resource management. GIS based analysis gives better results and effective strategies for the mitigation of such affected coastal zones. Thus coastal kharland areas in southern part of Ratnagiri have been mapped and analyzed using Landsat TM, google earth images and SRTM data.
Paripex-Indian Journal of Research, May 15, 2014
The present research work attempted to study the variations in Sinuosity Index of Tarali Channel ... more The present research work attempted to study the variations in Sinuosity Index of Tarali Channel of Maharashtra, as a
result of human interferences. It has observed that extensive silt excavation is carried along the banks of Tarali and Krishna
rivers at Umbraj of Satara district. This activity along the banks and in agricultural fields has resulted in positive and negative
impacts in the region and reveals that human intervention has resulted for the increase in width of the channel and
influenced on the channel form and plan.
The coastline of Maharashtra is specifically marked with a diversity of geomorphological features... more The coastline of Maharashtra is specifically marked with a diversity of geomorphological features with differentiates coastal landforms. Coastal landforms are produced due to equilibrium condition of erosional and depositional processes which are influenced by the sea waves and tidal energy. The beaches, sand dunes, sand-spits, bars are the depositional landforms of the shoreline. Among them sand spit is a linear accretion of mixed sediments that is attached to land at one end and entered into sea or in the estuary at the mouth. Sand spits significantly protects the mudflats, coastal settlements and estuarine environments from the sea storms and attacking sea waves. But it has observed that the sand spits are degraded at many places in the study area, Therefore, attempted to study the coastal sand spits in the coastal areas of Malvan in Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra.
The present research work of Tarali channel in plan and profile is based on surveying, block cont... more The present research work of Tarali channel in plan and profile is based on surveying, block contouring and the maps of flow lines and material. The block counter map helped a lot in getting detailed plan of the channel. The present work deals with the study of morphology of a channel which can best be understood through the study of channel in section and channel in plan. For this purpose the selected sets of superimposed cross sections have been discussed. The changes caused by the discharge variations and alluvium excavation also attempted. The present study highlights the influences of widespread silt excavation carried out along the banks of Tarali and Krishna rivers at Umbraj. The concentration of alluvium excavation is more noticeable in the lower reaches of River Tarali, near the confluence, tends to shift the channel locations periodically.
River channels, being the container of the moving water and also the product of the movement of t... more River channels, being the container of the moving water and also the product of the movement of the same, become the most dynamic component of a river basin. Variations in the discharges reflect the variations in energy available and hence such variations immediately get reflected in the alterations in the channel morphology. Bank-full discharges are often considered to be the channel forming discharges. However, it does not mean that the flows below this condition do not have any role in shaping the channels. The changes caused by the discharge variations can be understood through the detailed study of the channel morphology. Any variation in the discharge is immediately reflected in channel geometry both in plan and profile. This is particularly true for the segment of channel, which is characteristically 'mobile' in nature, as the erodible materials often respond to flow variations with slightest provocation. In the present day context, an intervention in natural processes at varied levels by man has also resulted in serious ramifications that may range from micro level to macro level. The alluvium excavation for brick making activities have occurring on a massive scale in the area at Umbraj along River Tarali, therefore, the present study aims to analyses the effect of alluvium excavation on channel morphology, bed material and flow lines.