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Papers by jatmiko jatmiko

Research paper thumbnail of The youngest stegodon remains in Southeast Asia from the Late Pleistocene archaeological site Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia

Quaternary International, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing the geomorphic history of Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia: a stratigraphic interpretation of the occupational environment

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

Liang Bua, in Flores, Indonesia, was formed as a subterranean chamber over 600ka. From this time ... more Liang Bua, in Flores, Indonesia, was formed as a subterranean chamber over 600ka. From this time to the present, a series of geomorphic events influenced the structure of the cave and cave deposits, creating a complex stratigraphy. Within these deposits, nine main sedimentary units have been identified. The stratigraphic relationships between these units provide the evidence needed to reconstruct the geomorphic history of the cave. This history was dominated by water action, including slope wash processes, channel formation, pooling of water, and flowstone precipitation, which created waterfalls, cut-and-fill stratigraphy, large pools of water, and extensive flowstone cappings. The reconstructed sequence of events over the last 190k.yr. has been summarized by a series of time slices that demonstrate the nature of the occupational environment in Liang Bua. The earliest artifacts at the site, dated to approximately 190ka, testify to hominin presence in the area, but the reconstructions suggest that occupation of the cave itself may not have been possible until after approximately 100ka. At approximately 95ka, channel erosion of a basal unit, which displays evidence of deposition in a pond environment, created a greater relief on the cave floor, and formed remanent areas of higher ground that later became a focus for hominin occupation from 74-61ka by the west wall and in the center of the cave, and from approximately 18-17ka by the east wall. These zones have been identified according to the sloping nature of the stratigraphy and the distribution of artifacts, and their locations have implications for the archaeological interpretation of the site.

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Research paper thumbnail of Homo floresiensis: a cladistic analysis

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

The announcement of a new species, Homo floresiensis, a primitive hominin that survived until rel... more The announcement of a new species, Homo floresiensis, a primitive hominin that survived until relatively recent times is an enormous challenge to paradigms of human evolution. Until this announcement, the dominant paradigm stipulated that: 1) only more derived hominins had emerged from Africa, and 2) H. sapiens was the only hominin since the demise of Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis. Resistance to H. floresiensis has been intense, and debate centers on two sets of competing hypotheses: 1) that it is a primitive hominin, and 2) that it is a modern human, either a pygmoid form or a pathological individual. Despite a range of analytical techniques having been applied to the question, no resolution has been reached. Here, we use cladistic analysis, a tool that has not, until now, been applied to the problem, to establish the phylogenetic position of the species. Our results produce two equally parsimonious phylogenetic trees. The first suggests that H. floresiensis is an early hominin that emerged after Homo rudolfensis (1.86Ma) but before H. habilis (1.66Ma, or after 1.9Ma if the earlier chronology for H. habilis is retained). The second tree indicates H. floresiensis branched after Homo habilis.

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Research paper thumbnail of Homo floresiensis and the evolution of the hominin shoulder

Journal of Human Evolution, 2007

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Research paper thumbnail of Climate, people and faunal succession on Java, Indonesia: evidence from Song Gupuh

Journal of Archaeological Science, 2008

Song Gupuh, a partially collapsed cave in the Gunung Sewu Limestones of East Java, Indonesia, con... more Song Gupuh, a partially collapsed cave in the Gunung Sewu Limestones of East Java, Indonesia, contains over 16 m of deposits with a faunal sequence spanning some 70 ka. Major changes in the range of animals represented show the impact of climate change and ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Further evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia

Nature, 2005

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Research paper thumbnail of The Brain of LB1, Homo floresiensis

Science, 2005

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Research paper thumbnail of Preface: research at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

Excavations at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, have yielded evidence for an endemic human species, ... more Excavations at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, have yielded evidence for an endemic human species, Homo floresiensis, a population that occupied the cave between approximately 95-17ka. This discovery has major implications for early hominin evolution and dispersal in Africa and Asia, attracting worldwide interest. This preface describes the rationale for the excavations in historical, geographical, and wider research contexts, as well as the methods used. It also introduces the other papers on aspects of Liang Bua research that feature in this edition of the Journal of Human Evolution.

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Research paper thumbnail of Brain shape in human microcephalics and Homo floresiensis

Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 2007

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Research paper thumbnail of A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia

Nature, 2004

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Research paper thumbnail of LB1’s virtual endocast, microcephaly, and hominin brain evolution

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

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Research paper thumbnail of Continuities in stone flaking technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

This study examines trends in stone tool reduction technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, wh... more This study examines trends in stone tool reduction technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, where excavations have revealed a stratified artifact sequence spanning 95k.yr. The reduction sequence practiced throughout the Pleistocene was straightforward and unchanging. Large flakes were produced off-site and carried into the cave where they were reduced centripetally and bifacially by four techniques: freehand, burination, truncation, and bipolar. The locus of technological complexity at Liang Bua was not in knapping products, but in the way techniques were integrated. This reduction sequence persisted across the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary with a minor shift favoring unifacial flaking after 11ka. Other stone-related changes occurred at the same time, including the first appearance of edge-glossed flakes, a change in raw material selection, and more frequent fire-induced damage to stone artifacts. Later in the Holocene, technological complexity was generated by "adding-on" rectangular-sectioned stone adzes to the reduction sequence. The Pleistocene pattern is directly associated with Homo floresiensis skeletal remains and the Holocene changes correlate with the appearance of Homo sapiens. The one reduction sequence continues across this hominin replacement.

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Research paper thumbnail of Age and biostratigraphic significance of the Punung Rainforest Fauna, East Java, Indonesia, and implications for Pongo and Homo

Journal of Human Evolution, 2007

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Research paper thumbnail of The Primitive Wrist of Homo floresiensis and Its Implications for Hominin Evolution

Science, 2007

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Research paper thumbnail of The youngest stegodon remains in Southeast Asia from the Late Pleistocene archaeological site Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia

Quaternary International, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Reconstructing the geomorphic history of Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia: a stratigraphic interpretation of the occupational environment

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

Liang Bua, in Flores, Indonesia, was formed as a subterranean chamber over 600ka. From this time ... more Liang Bua, in Flores, Indonesia, was formed as a subterranean chamber over 600ka. From this time to the present, a series of geomorphic events influenced the structure of the cave and cave deposits, creating a complex stratigraphy. Within these deposits, nine main sedimentary units have been identified. The stratigraphic relationships between these units provide the evidence needed to reconstruct the geomorphic history of the cave. This history was dominated by water action, including slope wash processes, channel formation, pooling of water, and flowstone precipitation, which created waterfalls, cut-and-fill stratigraphy, large pools of water, and extensive flowstone cappings. The reconstructed sequence of events over the last 190k.yr. has been summarized by a series of time slices that demonstrate the nature of the occupational environment in Liang Bua. The earliest artifacts at the site, dated to approximately 190ka, testify to hominin presence in the area, but the reconstructions suggest that occupation of the cave itself may not have been possible until after approximately 100ka. At approximately 95ka, channel erosion of a basal unit, which displays evidence of deposition in a pond environment, created a greater relief on the cave floor, and formed remanent areas of higher ground that later became a focus for hominin occupation from 74-61ka by the west wall and in the center of the cave, and from approximately 18-17ka by the east wall. These zones have been identified according to the sloping nature of the stratigraphy and the distribution of artifacts, and their locations have implications for the archaeological interpretation of the site.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Homo floresiensis: a cladistic analysis

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

The announcement of a new species, Homo floresiensis, a primitive hominin that survived until rel... more The announcement of a new species, Homo floresiensis, a primitive hominin that survived until relatively recent times is an enormous challenge to paradigms of human evolution. Until this announcement, the dominant paradigm stipulated that: 1) only more derived hominins had emerged from Africa, and 2) H. sapiens was the only hominin since the demise of Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis. Resistance to H. floresiensis has been intense, and debate centers on two sets of competing hypotheses: 1) that it is a primitive hominin, and 2) that it is a modern human, either a pygmoid form or a pathological individual. Despite a range of analytical techniques having been applied to the question, no resolution has been reached. Here, we use cladistic analysis, a tool that has not, until now, been applied to the problem, to establish the phylogenetic position of the species. Our results produce two equally parsimonious phylogenetic trees. The first suggests that H. floresiensis is an early hominin that emerged after Homo rudolfensis (1.86Ma) but before H. habilis (1.66Ma, or after 1.9Ma if the earlier chronology for H. habilis is retained). The second tree indicates H. floresiensis branched after Homo habilis.

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Research paper thumbnail of Homo floresiensis and the evolution of the hominin shoulder

Journal of Human Evolution, 2007

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Climate, people and faunal succession on Java, Indonesia: evidence from Song Gupuh

Journal of Archaeological Science, 2008

Song Gupuh, a partially collapsed cave in the Gunung Sewu Limestones of East Java, Indonesia, con... more Song Gupuh, a partially collapsed cave in the Gunung Sewu Limestones of East Java, Indonesia, contains over 16 m of deposits with a faunal sequence spanning some 70 ka. Major changes in the range of animals represented show the impact of climate change and ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Further evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia

Nature, 2005

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Research paper thumbnail of The Brain of LB1, Homo floresiensis

Science, 2005

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Preface: research at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

Excavations at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, have yielded evidence for an endemic human species, ... more Excavations at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, have yielded evidence for an endemic human species, Homo floresiensis, a population that occupied the cave between approximately 95-17ka. This discovery has major implications for early hominin evolution and dispersal in Africa and Asia, attracting worldwide interest. This preface describes the rationale for the excavations in historical, geographical, and wider research contexts, as well as the methods used. It also introduces the other papers on aspects of Liang Bua research that feature in this edition of the Journal of Human Evolution.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Brain shape in human microcephalics and Homo floresiensis

Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 2007

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia

Nature, 2004

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of LB1’s virtual endocast, microcephaly, and hominin brain evolution

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Continuities in stone flaking technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia

Journal of Human Evolution, 2009

This study examines trends in stone tool reduction technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, wh... more This study examines trends in stone tool reduction technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, where excavations have revealed a stratified artifact sequence spanning 95k.yr. The reduction sequence practiced throughout the Pleistocene was straightforward and unchanging. Large flakes were produced off-site and carried into the cave where they were reduced centripetally and bifacially by four techniques: freehand, burination, truncation, and bipolar. The locus of technological complexity at Liang Bua was not in knapping products, but in the way techniques were integrated. This reduction sequence persisted across the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary with a minor shift favoring unifacial flaking after 11ka. Other stone-related changes occurred at the same time, including the first appearance of edge-glossed flakes, a change in raw material selection, and more frequent fire-induced damage to stone artifacts. Later in the Holocene, technological complexity was generated by "adding-on" rectangular-sectioned stone adzes to the reduction sequence. The Pleistocene pattern is directly associated with Homo floresiensis skeletal remains and the Holocene changes correlate with the appearance of Homo sapiens. The one reduction sequence continues across this hominin replacement.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Age and biostratigraphic significance of the Punung Rainforest Fauna, East Java, Indonesia, and implications for Pongo and Homo

Journal of Human Evolution, 2007

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Primitive Wrist of Homo floresiensis and Its Implications for Hominin Evolution

Science, 2007

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact