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The claustrum is known for its extensive connectivity with many other forebrain regions, but its ... more The claustrum is known for its extensive connectivity with many other forebrain regions, but its elongated shape and deep location have made further study difficult. We have sought to understand when mouse claustrum neurons are born, where they are located in developing brains and when they develop their widespread connections to cortex. We established that a well-characterised parvalbumin-plexus, which identifies the claustrum in adults, is only present from postnatal day (P)21. A myeloarchitectonic outline of the claustrum can be derived from a triangular fibre arrangement from P15. A dense patch of Nurr1+ cells is present at its core, and is already evident at birth. BrdU-birthdating of forebrain progenitors reveals that the majority of claustrum neurons are born during a narrow time window centred on embryonic day (E)12.5, which is later than the adjacent subplate and endopiriform nucleus. Retrograde tracing revealed that claustrum projections to anterior cingulate (ACA) and ret...
The complexities and daily challenges experienced by learners with special needs in inclusive pri... more The complexities and daily challenges experienced by learners with special needs in inclusive primary schools make them feel frustrated and unable to perform optimally in their studies. Sometimes they are unable to cope effectively with inclusive learning, and this makes them withdrawn. In order to avert such situations, counselling services are required in mainstream programmes to aid the learners develop academic, social and personal competencies that assist in their adjustment for life-long development. The purpose of this study was to explore ways of integrating disabilities into the school for international, national and personal development among learners with disabilities in Njoro Sub-County. Data was collected using two questionnaires which were administered to 100 learners and 20 teachers. Interviews were conducted among 5 education officers in the sub-county. The data was analysed using the stastical package for social sciences (SPSS) to obtain descriptive statistics(perce...
Globally, challenges facing learners with special needs and their counseling interventions have b... more Globally, challenges facing learners with special needs and their counseling interventions have been of great concern to educationists and other well wishers. The Kenya government and education stakeholders have joined the world in defending the rights of persons with disabilities. In the process, they have come up with strategies for dealing with the learners’ special concerns although the issues of psychosocial challenges and counseling remedies are still impending. The purpose of this study was to identify psychosocial challenges faced by the learners and come up with counseling interventions to be used by all education stake holders. The study adopted the descriptive survey design which was suitable because it is designed to obtain precise information concerning current status of phenomena and to draw valid conclusions from the facts discovered. The target population comprised 51,775 people while the accessible population comprised 10,200 learners in all the inclusive Primary Sc...
The claustrum is known for its extensive connectivity with many other forebrain regions, but its ... more The claustrum is known for its extensive connectivity with many other forebrain regions, but its elongated shape and deep location have made further study difficult. We have sought to understand when mouse claustrum neurons are born, where they are located in developing brains and when they develop their widespread connections to cortex. We established that a well-characterised parvalbumin-plexus, which identifies the claustrum in adults, is only present from postnatal day (P)21. A myeloarchitectonic outline of the claustrum can be derived from a triangular fibre arrangement from P15. A dense patch of Nurr1+ cells is present at its core, and is already evident at birth. BrdU-birthdating of forebrain progenitors reveals that the majority of claustrum neurons are born during a narrow time window centred on embryonic day (E)12.5, which is later than the adjacent subplate and endopiriform nucleus. Retrograde tracing revealed that claustrum projections to anterior cingulate (ACA) and ret...
The complexities and daily challenges experienced by learners with special needs in inclusive pri... more The complexities and daily challenges experienced by learners with special needs in inclusive primary schools make them feel frustrated and unable to perform optimally in their studies. Sometimes they are unable to cope effectively with inclusive learning, and this makes them withdrawn. In order to avert such situations, counselling services are required in mainstream programmes to aid the learners develop academic, social and personal competencies that assist in their adjustment for life-long development. The purpose of this study was to explore ways of integrating disabilities into the school for international, national and personal development among learners with disabilities in Njoro Sub-County. Data was collected using two questionnaires which were administered to 100 learners and 20 teachers. Interviews were conducted among 5 education officers in the sub-county. The data was analysed using the stastical package for social sciences (SPSS) to obtain descriptive statistics(perce...
Globally, challenges facing learners with special needs and their counseling interventions have b... more Globally, challenges facing learners with special needs and their counseling interventions have been of great concern to educationists and other well wishers. The Kenya government and education stakeholders have joined the world in defending the rights of persons with disabilities. In the process, they have come up with strategies for dealing with the learners’ special concerns although the issues of psychosocial challenges and counseling remedies are still impending. The purpose of this study was to identify psychosocial challenges faced by the learners and come up with counseling interventions to be used by all education stake holders. The study adopted the descriptive survey design which was suitable because it is designed to obtain precise information concerning current status of phenomena and to draw valid conclusions from the facts discovered. The target population comprised 51,775 people while the accessible population comprised 10,200 learners in all the inclusive Primary Sc...