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Papers by johan pandian

Research paper thumbnail of Seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Infections at an ICTC in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Pondicherry

Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2022

Purpose of the study: To estimate the prevalence of HIV 1 and HIV 2 infection in patients attendi... more Purpose of the study: To estimate the prevalence of HIV 1 and HIV 2 infection in patients attending the tertiary care setup. Routine screening for HIV infection of 10000 samples were carried out between July 2017-June 2018. All patients were given a pre-test counselling and filled up the Consent form provided by NACO. The samples were subjected to the NACO provided Comb Aids RS Advantage kit and all positives were tested using 2 other kits Meriscreen HIV 1-2 and Tridot Test for differentiation. The data thus obtained were charted in Excel and the prevalence were determined. A Post-test counselling was given for all patients and the results were disclosed following the protocol provided by NACO. Of the 10000 samples, 82 (0.82%) samples were reactive for HIV. In the 82 reactive samples, 78 (95.12%) samples were reactive for HIV- 1 antibodies and 4 (4.8%) samples were reactive for HIV-2 antibodies. Among the 82 reactive clients, 53 clients were male and 29 clients were female.

Research paper thumbnail of A prospective observational study on prescribing pattern of antimicrobial agents in the post-operative general surgery ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: This prospective observational study was done to know the current prescription trend ... more Background: This prospective observational study was done to know the current prescription trend of antimicrobial agents in the post-operative ward. To evaluate the current pattern of antimicrobial agents in the post-operative surgical cases of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: The study was carried out in collaboration with the Department of General Surgery and Department of Pharmacology during April 2013 to March 2014. All parameters like demographic data, antimicrobials agents prescribed by surgeons, dose, frequency, duration, route, formulation, brand or generic drugs, adverse events were collected in the specially structured case proforma. Descriptive statistics was applied using SPSS version 17.0.Results: During the study period, 513 patient case records were analysed in which males are higher than females. A total of 816 drugs were used in 484 patients during the study period. 162 were on a single drug, 190 were on two drugs, 42 were on three drugs and 90 were on fix...

Research paper thumbnail of An Overview of COVID-19: Focus on Pharmacological Aspect

SBV Journal of Basic, Clinical and Applied Health Science

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has been declared as Public Health Emergency of Interna... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has been declared as Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) is one of the major disasters in the 21st century. Initially, COVID-19 is called as 2019 novel coronavirus by the Chinese researchers, and later, the disease was named as COVID-19 and the virus as SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. It is a single-stranded RNA virus that mainly enters the human cells by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors like SARS-CoV. The important mode of transmission is through droplets and close contact with the infected people. As soon as the virus enters the human cells, it causes symptoms like cough, fever, headache, and fatigue after an incubation period of 5.2 days. There is no approved treatment or vaccine for this disease so far but many drugs have been tried from the experience obtained while treating SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. In this article, we discussed the pathogenesis, transmission, clinical features, challenges for control, diagnosis, and treatment advancements to overcome COVID-19.

Research paper thumbnail of Prescribing pattern of fixed dose combinations of antibiotics in a post-operative surgical ward of tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs. It... more Background: Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs. It should be used when the combination has an established advantage over single drug in efficacy, safety and compliance. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists only 19 of such combinations. But Indian market is filled with hundreds of FDCs which were not approved leading to irrational use. This study was focused on finding out the fixed dose combination of antimicrobial agents used in the post-operative general surgery ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: After getting approval from institutional human ethics committee the prescriptions of patients admitted during April 2013 to March 2014 were analyzed. Demographic data, FDC prescribed by surgeons, Dose, Frequency, Duration, Route, Formulation, Brand or generic drugs, Adverse events due to use of FDC were collected and SPSS version 17 was used for statistical analysis. Fixed dose combinations were used in 90 Patients. The ...

Research paper thumbnail of A prospective comparative efficacy of azilsartan and telmisartan in hypertensive patients

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: Hypertension (HT) is defined as either a sustained systolic blood pressure of greater... more Background: Hypertension (HT) is defined as either a sustained systolic blood pressure of greater than 140 mmHg or a sustained diastolic blood pressure of greater than 90 mmHg, according to joint national committee (JNC VIII) on hypertension.Methods: A prospective, open, randomized parallel group comparative study of AZL versus telmisartan was done in patients of stage-I HT. The study included 80 patients, 40 in each group (group I and group II) coming to the Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pillayarkuppam, Pondicherry from January 2016 to December 2017. The study was conducted over 8 weeks. Group-I, patients received azilsartan 40-80 mg per day in divided doses and group-II, patients received telmisartan 40-80 mg per day in divided doses according to severity of hypertension.Results: Patients receiving AZL 40 mg and telmisartan 40 mg showed a significant fall (p<0.05) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of antioxidant and hepatoprotective property of ethanolic extract of curculigoorchioides in albino rats

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: Liver, the largest organ invertebrate body, it the major site of intense metabolic ac... more Background: Liver, the largest organ invertebrate body, it the major site of intense metabolic activities. Being the largest chemical factory of the body, the liver performs innumerable functions. The functional units of liver are called either hepatic or classic lobules or acini. The hepatic lobules consist largely of parenchymal or epithelial glandular cells called hepatocytes, which are arranged as interconnected plates or laminae.Methods: All the animal experiments were conducted according to the ethical norms approved by Ministry of Social Justices and Empowerment, Government of India, and Institutional Animal Ethical Committee guidelines. Fifteen rats were selected for this study and randomly divided into three groups of five each. Group I include control rats that received isocarolic quantity of sucrose in the same volume as experimental rats that received ethanol. Group II includes ethanol treated rats. Ethanol was administered daily at regular intervals by gastric intubatio...

Research paper thumbnail of Prescribing pattern of fixed dose combinations of antibiotics in a post-operative surgical ward of tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Nov 24, 2018

Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs in a single dos... more Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs in a single dosage form. They are suitable only when the dosage of each component meets the requisite and when the combination has an established advantage over single drug in efficacy, safety and compliance. 1 WHO defines drug utilization as "The marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drug in a society with special emphasis on resulting medical, social and economic results". 1 Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most ABSTRACT Background: Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs. It should be used when the combination has an established advantage over single drug in efficacy, safety and compliance. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists only 19 of such combinations. But Indian market is filled with hundreds of FDCs which were not approved leading to irrational use. This study was focused on finding out the fixed dose combination of antimicrobial agents used in the post-operative general surgery ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: After getting approval from institutional human ethics committee the prescriptions of patients admitted during April 2013 to March 2014 were analyzed. Demographic data, FDC prescribed by surgeons, Dose, Frequency, Duration, Route, Formulation, Brand or generic drugs, Adverse events due to use of FDC were collected and SPSS version 17 was used for statistical analysis. Fixed dose combinations were used in 90 Patients. The most commonly used FDC were ampicillin with Cloxacillin (43) followed by amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (22), cefoperazone with sulbactam (19) and piperacillin with tazobactam (6). A common drug used in combination along with FDC was metronidazole and aminoglycoside. The irrational combination seen in this study was ampicillin with Cloxacillin (8.88%) of the total FDC which is not approved by DCGI or FDA. Results: In this study out of 145 drugs used, 41drugs were administered three times a day, 90 drugs were given two times a day and 14 drugs were given once a day dosing. 53 patients received FDCs for prophylaxis and 37 patients for treatment purpose. All FDCs were prescribed in brand names. No adverse drug reaction was observed in this study. Conclusions: Consultants should undergo continuing medical education (CME) on newer drug combinations and their adverse drug reactions which will be evidence-based rather than to rely on representatives.

Research paper thumbnail of Seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Infections at an ICTC in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Pondicherry

Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2022

Purpose of the study: To estimate the prevalence of HIV 1 and HIV 2 infection in patients attendi... more Purpose of the study: To estimate the prevalence of HIV 1 and HIV 2 infection in patients attending the tertiary care setup. Routine screening for HIV infection of 10000 samples were carried out between July 2017-June 2018. All patients were given a pre-test counselling and filled up the Consent form provided by NACO. The samples were subjected to the NACO provided Comb Aids RS Advantage kit and all positives were tested using 2 other kits Meriscreen HIV 1-2 and Tridot Test for differentiation. The data thus obtained were charted in Excel and the prevalence were determined. A Post-test counselling was given for all patients and the results were disclosed following the protocol provided by NACO. Of the 10000 samples, 82 (0.82%) samples were reactive for HIV. In the 82 reactive samples, 78 (95.12%) samples were reactive for HIV- 1 antibodies and 4 (4.8%) samples were reactive for HIV-2 antibodies. Among the 82 reactive clients, 53 clients were male and 29 clients were female.

Research paper thumbnail of A prospective observational study on prescribing pattern of antimicrobial agents in the post-operative general surgery ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: This prospective observational study was done to know the current prescription trend ... more Background: This prospective observational study was done to know the current prescription trend of antimicrobial agents in the post-operative ward. To evaluate the current pattern of antimicrobial agents in the post-operative surgical cases of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: The study was carried out in collaboration with the Department of General Surgery and Department of Pharmacology during April 2013 to March 2014. All parameters like demographic data, antimicrobials agents prescribed by surgeons, dose, frequency, duration, route, formulation, brand or generic drugs, adverse events were collected in the specially structured case proforma. Descriptive statistics was applied using SPSS version 17.0.Results: During the study period, 513 patient case records were analysed in which males are higher than females. A total of 816 drugs were used in 484 patients during the study period. 162 were on a single drug, 190 were on two drugs, 42 were on three drugs and 90 were on fix...

Research paper thumbnail of An Overview of COVID-19: Focus on Pharmacological Aspect

SBV Journal of Basic, Clinical and Applied Health Science

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has been declared as Public Health Emergency of Interna... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has been declared as Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) is one of the major disasters in the 21st century. Initially, COVID-19 is called as 2019 novel coronavirus by the Chinese researchers, and later, the disease was named as COVID-19 and the virus as SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. It is a single-stranded RNA virus that mainly enters the human cells by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors like SARS-CoV. The important mode of transmission is through droplets and close contact with the infected people. As soon as the virus enters the human cells, it causes symptoms like cough, fever, headache, and fatigue after an incubation period of 5.2 days. There is no approved treatment or vaccine for this disease so far but many drugs have been tried from the experience obtained while treating SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. In this article, we discussed the pathogenesis, transmission, clinical features, challenges for control, diagnosis, and treatment advancements to overcome COVID-19.

Research paper thumbnail of Prescribing pattern of fixed dose combinations of antibiotics in a post-operative surgical ward of tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs. It... more Background: Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs. It should be used when the combination has an established advantage over single drug in efficacy, safety and compliance. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists only 19 of such combinations. But Indian market is filled with hundreds of FDCs which were not approved leading to irrational use. This study was focused on finding out the fixed dose combination of antimicrobial agents used in the post-operative general surgery ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: After getting approval from institutional human ethics committee the prescriptions of patients admitted during April 2013 to March 2014 were analyzed. Demographic data, FDC prescribed by surgeons, Dose, Frequency, Duration, Route, Formulation, Brand or generic drugs, Adverse events due to use of FDC were collected and SPSS version 17 was used for statistical analysis. Fixed dose combinations were used in 90 Patients. The ...

Research paper thumbnail of A prospective comparative efficacy of azilsartan and telmisartan in hypertensive patients

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: Hypertension (HT) is defined as either a sustained systolic blood pressure of greater... more Background: Hypertension (HT) is defined as either a sustained systolic blood pressure of greater than 140 mmHg or a sustained diastolic blood pressure of greater than 90 mmHg, according to joint national committee (JNC VIII) on hypertension.Methods: A prospective, open, randomized parallel group comparative study of AZL versus telmisartan was done in patients of stage-I HT. The study included 80 patients, 40 in each group (group I and group II) coming to the Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pillayarkuppam, Pondicherry from January 2016 to December 2017. The study was conducted over 8 weeks. Group-I, patients received azilsartan 40-80 mg per day in divided doses and group-II, patients received telmisartan 40-80 mg per day in divided doses according to severity of hypertension.Results: Patients receiving AZL 40 mg and telmisartan 40 mg showed a significant fall (p<0.05) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of antioxidant and hepatoprotective property of ethanolic extract of curculigoorchioides in albino rats

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology

Background: Liver, the largest organ invertebrate body, it the major site of intense metabolic ac... more Background: Liver, the largest organ invertebrate body, it the major site of intense metabolic activities. Being the largest chemical factory of the body, the liver performs innumerable functions. The functional units of liver are called either hepatic or classic lobules or acini. The hepatic lobules consist largely of parenchymal or epithelial glandular cells called hepatocytes, which are arranged as interconnected plates or laminae.Methods: All the animal experiments were conducted according to the ethical norms approved by Ministry of Social Justices and Empowerment, Government of India, and Institutional Animal Ethical Committee guidelines. Fifteen rats were selected for this study and randomly divided into three groups of five each. Group I include control rats that received isocarolic quantity of sucrose in the same volume as experimental rats that received ethanol. Group II includes ethanol treated rats. Ethanol was administered daily at regular intervals by gastric intubatio...

Research paper thumbnail of Prescribing pattern of fixed dose combinations of antibiotics in a post-operative surgical ward of tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Nov 24, 2018

Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs in a single dos... more Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs in a single dosage form. They are suitable only when the dosage of each component meets the requisite and when the combination has an established advantage over single drug in efficacy, safety and compliance. 1 WHO defines drug utilization as "The marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drug in a society with special emphasis on resulting medical, social and economic results". 1 Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most ABSTRACT Background: Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs), are combinations of two or more active drugs. It should be used when the combination has an established advantage over single drug in efficacy, safety and compliance. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists only 19 of such combinations. But Indian market is filled with hundreds of FDCs which were not approved leading to irrational use. This study was focused on finding out the fixed dose combination of antimicrobial agents used in the post-operative general surgery ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: After getting approval from institutional human ethics committee the prescriptions of patients admitted during April 2013 to March 2014 were analyzed. Demographic data, FDC prescribed by surgeons, Dose, Frequency, Duration, Route, Formulation, Brand or generic drugs, Adverse events due to use of FDC were collected and SPSS version 17 was used for statistical analysis. Fixed dose combinations were used in 90 Patients. The most commonly used FDC were ampicillin with Cloxacillin (43) followed by amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (22), cefoperazone with sulbactam (19) and piperacillin with tazobactam (6). A common drug used in combination along with FDC was metronidazole and aminoglycoside. The irrational combination seen in this study was ampicillin with Cloxacillin (8.88%) of the total FDC which is not approved by DCGI or FDA. Results: In this study out of 145 drugs used, 41drugs were administered three times a day, 90 drugs were given two times a day and 14 drugs were given once a day dosing. 53 patients received FDCs for prophylaxis and 37 patients for treatment purpose. All FDCs were prescribed in brand names. No adverse drug reaction was observed in this study. Conclusions: Consultants should undergo continuing medical education (CME) on newer drug combinations and their adverse drug reactions which will be evidence-based rather than to rely on representatives.