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Papers by joseph daniel

We calculate mutual-best-response route networks for profit maximizing airlines serving large US ... more We calculate mutual-best-response route networks for profit maximizing airlines serving large US air-traffic-hub cities. A simulated annealing algorithm determines which of over ten thousand potential routes receive direct or hub-and-spoke service. DOT’s Origin and Destination Survey is used to calibrate airline revenue and cost functions. Simulated route structures, airfares, passenger flows, and market concentration levels closely approximate actual US networks comprising over seventy percent of domestic air travel. The results support several controversial positions regarding airline competition. Average airfares by route are consistent with price-taking behavior. Existing industry concentration levels can be justified by cost-reducing economies of scale and scope. Control of multiple airports by individual airlines currently has minimal effects on airfares or passenger flows. Socially optimal route structures would concentrate traffic at fewer and larger airports—but reduce cost...

International Orthopaedics, 2010

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag. Th... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author's version for posting to your own website or your institution's repository. You may further deposit the accepted author's version on a funder's repository at a funder's request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®, 2010

Background Metal ions released from arthroplasty devices are largely cleared in urine, leading to... more Background Metal ions released from arthroplasty devices are largely cleared in urine, leading to high exposure in renal tissues. Validated early markers of renal damage are routinely used to monitor workers in heavy metal industries, and renal risk can be quantified in these industries. It is unclear if the ion levels in patients with metal-on-metal hips are sufficient to cause renal damage. Question Does metal-on-metal (MOM) bearing use over a 10-year period lead to elevation of early renal markers compared with the levels expected in subjects with no metal exposure? Methods We retrospectively reviewed 31 patients who underwent MOM hip resurfacings 10 years earlier. Whole blood specimens were collected for metal ion analysis, serum for creatinine estimation, and urine for timed metal ion output and renal markers. The renal marker levels of 30 age-and gender-matched subjects with no metal exposure and no known renal problems or diabetes mellitus were used as controls for renal markers. Results Median serum creatinine level in the MOM group was 1.1 mg/dL (interquartile range, 1.0-1.2 mg/dL) and median creatinine clearance was 79.2 mL/min. In this cohort, the number of patients with markers of renal damage above the reference range was comparable to the controls. None of the renal markers were associated with metal levels. Conclusion The absence of elevation of renal markers in this cohort 10 years after MOM bearing implantation is reassuring. However, we believe surveillance through further longer-term, large-scale controlled trials are needed to monitor this arthroplasty-induced low-intensity (but longterm) trace element exposure to rule out potential nephrotoxicity. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective comparative study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. One of the authors (DJWM) is a paid consultant to Smith and Nephew Orthopaedics UK. In addition, the institution of one or more of the authors (JD, HZ, DJWM) receives royalties and institutional funding from Smith and Nephew Orthopaedics UK. Each author certifies that his or her institution approved or waived approval for the human protocol for this investigation and that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research.

Biology of Reproduction, 1969

Embryo culture and radioautographic techniques were used to detect incorporation of precursors of... more Embryo culture and radioautographic techniques were used to detect incorporation of precursors of DNA, RNA and proteins by blastocysts of mammals with and without a delayed implantation. These exceriments reveal the absence of labeled thymine incorpo

Reproduction, 1964

The manner whereby progesterone acts as an inhibitor of cleavage of mammalian ova was studied usi... more The manner whereby progesterone acts as an inhibitor of cleavage of mammalian ova was studied using rabbit ova in vitro. Progesterone blocked cleavage when it was present in the culture medium at concentrations of 10 \g=m\g/ml or more, and exerted this same effect on all stages up to the morula. The growth of blastocysts was not affected. The action was reversible: ova resumed cleavage within 2 to 3 hr after removal to progesterone-free media. The reversal was timespecific and was used to phase the subsequent cleavage of ova inhibited for varying periods of time. The inhibition was overcome by increasing the concentrations of amino acids or of the serum component in the medium. Supplementing the progesterone media with oestradiol did not reverse the inhibition. Autoradiographs of sections of ova that were kept in 14C-labelled progesterone for 8 hr, showed silver grains concentrated on the surface of the ovum and the zona pellucida. It is concluded that progesterone blocks cleavage by limiting the supply of protein or amino acids and thus inhibiting protein synthesis within the ovum. Presumably this is done by the progesterone aggregating on the surface of the cell or its protective coating. The inhibitory action appears to be timed in relation to some event that precedes mitosis by an hour or two. It is therefore suggested that the protein synthesis involved is related to formation of the mitotic apparatus or to chromosome condensation.

Indian Journal of Applied Microbiology

Halophilic microorganisms are important in biotechnological application processes, such as commer... more Halophilic microorganisms are important in biotechnological application processes, such as commercial production of polymers, enzymes, etc. Fermented foods such as Citron, Chilli, Mango, Emperor, Anchovies and Mackerel contain considerable amount of salt. Salt tolerant microorganisms were isolated using nutrient agar containing 5% NaCl and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours from these samples. A total of 24 isolates were obtained from fermented food samples. Predominant gram positive isolates with distinct pigmentation pattern were obtained in this study. The interesting result of the study is the isolation of microorganisms which are able to grow at salt concentration of 10-15%. All the 13 isolates from fermented foods exhibited γ hemolysis which proved to be safe for consumption. The isolates from fermented food indicated amylase production in starch agar. Antimicrobial activity revealed that the isolates inhibited only 2 test pathogenic bacteria out of 5 pathogens tested however at different inhibition levels. The isolates from fermented foods showed the most antimicrobial potency to Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa thus indicating antagonistic capacity. Most of the selected isolates were found to be susceptible to most of the antibiotics used. Only 4 isolates were resistant to Kanamycin and 2 were resistant to Vancomycin. The results suggested that microorganisms isolated from fermented foods have potential functional properties.

Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2018

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is caused by DNA mismatch repair deficiency and is an important ... more Microsatellite instability (MSI) is caused by DNA mismatch repair deficiency and is an important prognostic and predictive biomarker in colorectal cancer but relatively few studies have exploited mouse models in the study of its clinical utility. Furthermore, most previous studies have looked at MSI in the small intestine rather than the colon of mismatch repair deficient -knockout (KO) mice. Here we compared -KO, -KO, and wild type (WT) mice that were treated with the carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac or received no treatment. The induced tumors and normal tissue specimens from the colon were analysed with a panel of five mononucleotide repeat markers. MSI was detected throughout the normal colon in untreated -KO mice and this involved contraction of the repeat sequences compared to WT. The markers with longer mononucleotide repeats (37-59) were the most sensitive for MSI while the markers with shorter repeats (24) showed only minor ...

Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology, Apr 1, 1967

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been suggested to func on as a potent inhibitor of feed inta... more Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been suggested to func on as a potent inhibitor of feed intake in rodents. These studies were designed to determine whether LIF was found in the ovine hypothalamus and whether LIF inhibited feed intake in sheep. Sheep hypothalami were used to clone LIF to indicate presence of the gene in the hypothalamus. The sequence was similar to published data. Another group of sheep were provided intraventricular (ICV) cannulas and injected with doses of LIF at 250, 500, 1000 and 2500 ng per sheep, ICV. Feed intake was inhibited by the 1000 and 2500 ng dose (trt, P<0.0001; me X trt, P<0.02). All doses of LIF elevated temperature above 40 C, indica ng a fever. In a second experiment, the sheep were injected ICV with 2500 ng LIF, and blood samples collected at 10 min intervals for 6 h for assay of luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone (GH) and 30 min interval samples assayed for glucose and free fa y acids.There was no effect of LIF on GH. There was no effect of trt for LH, but there was a me X trt interac on indica ng reduced LH (P<0.0001). There was an effect of trt and me X trt interac on indica ng elevated plasma free fa y acids (P<0.03; 0.001) and glucose (P<0.006; 0.0001). The effects of LIF on feed intake and other parameters is similar to the effects of LPS and leads to a hypothesis that LIF expression in response to LPS may be a component of the mechanism for feed intake inhibi on in disease. While the effects of LIF to increase glucose and free fa y acids are similar to those seen with LPS in sheep, they are opposite to the effects of LIF in rodent models.

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 1975

The concentration of circulating progesterone in the female of the northern fur seal (Callorhinus... more The concentration of circulating progesterone in the female of the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) was found to be low at and for about 31/2 mo after ovulation, but began to increase prior to implantation and continued to rise for at least 1 mo thereafter.

Orthopedics, 2008

This is a 1.2- to 5.3-year survival and clinicoradiologic study of patients with the Birmingham M... more This is a 1.2- to 5.3-year survival and clinicoradiologic study of patients with the Birmingham Mid-Head Resection (BMHR) device (Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics, Warwick, United Kingdom). Sixty consecutive hips implanted with this device between 2003 and 2007 were reviewed with hip outcome questionnaires, clinical examination, and radiographs at a minimum follow-up of 1 year. There were no revisions, mechanical failures, or signs of femoral neck stress shielding. All hips were functioning well and showed no significant adverse clinical or radiographic features. Birmingham Mid-Head Replacement offers the prospect of circumventing the need for a more invasive procedure such as hip replacement in patients who would benefit from a conservative arthroplasty but lack femoral head bone quality, which is a prerequisite for a successful hip resurfacing.

Modern Hip Resurfacing, 2009

Journal of Urban Economics, 2000

We compare three empirical models of airport congestion pricing: a standard peak-load-pricing mod... more We compare three empirical models of airport congestion pricing: a standard peak-load-pricing model with econometrically estimated demand and delay func-Ž w x w x. tions Morrison 7 , Morrison and Winston 8 ; a deterministic bottleneck model Ž w x with traffic adjusting intertemporally to congestion prices Vickrey 9 , Arnott et al. w x. Ž w x. 2 ; and a bottleneck model with time-dependent stochastic queuing Daniel 4. When implemented using Daniel's airport traffic data, the models produce similar traffic patterns under weight-based pricing, but differ significantly under congestion pricing. We conclude that structural modeling of stochastic traffic, queues, and intertemporal substitution is necessary to produce realistic responses of traffic patterns to congestion pricing.

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, 2007

The early designs of hip resurfacing implants suffered high rates of early failure, making it imp... more The early designs of hip resurfacing implants suffered high rates of early failure, making it impossible to obtain valuable mid-term radiostereophotogrammetric (RSA) results. The metal-on-metal Birmingham Hip Resurfacing arthroplasty has shown promising mid-term results and we present here the first mid-term RSA analysis of a hip resurfacing implant. The analysis was performed in 19 hips at five years post-operatively. The mean acetabular component translation and rotation, and femoral component translation were compared with the previous RSA measurements at two and six months, and one and two years. There was no statistical significance (t-test, p ≤ 0.05) between these consecutive movements, indicating the mid-term stability of the implant.

Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 2000

This study was designed to determine what effects the birth process would have on development of ... more This study was designed to determine what effects the birth process would have on development of the somatotrophic axis in neonatal pigs. Eight crossbred sows were selected (n ϭ 4 natural birth and n ϭ 4 Caesarian section) for the present study. Blood and tissue samples from 38 pigs were collected at birth. Twenty pigs were maintained with natural birth sows until sacrificed for blood and tissue collection at 2 wk of age. Gestational age at birth did not differ (P Ͼ 0.16) between natural birth and C-section pigs. Average daily gain (ADG) from birth until 2 wk of age was reduced (P Ͻ 0.0001) by 39.3% in the C-section pigs as compared to the natural birth pigs. Serum growth hormone (GH) did not differ (P Ͼ 0.86) at birth, but was greater (P Ͻ 0.024) at 2 wk in C-section pigs. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was greater at birth (P Ͻ 0.0025) and at 2 wk of age (P Ͻ 0.035) in the natural birth pigs. Serum concentration of IGF-2 did not differ at birth (P Ͼ 0.8) but was greater (P Ͻ 0.043) in natural birth pigs at 2 wk of age. Pituitary content of GH mRNA and GH-releasing hormone receptor mRNA did not differ (P Ͼ 0.90) between groups regardless of age; however, expression of both mRNAs declined (P Ͻ 0.0003) from birth until 2 wk of age. There tended to be a birth type X age interaction (P Ͻ 0.082) for liver IGF-1 mRNA such that C-section pigs had a greater expression at 2 wk of age. Liver IGF-1 mRNA expression increased (P Ͻ 0.0001) in both groups from birth to 2 wk of age. Liver expression of GH receptor mRNA was greater in C-section pigs at birth (P Ͻ 0.04) and 2 wk of age (P Ͻ 0.03). These data provide evidence that the natural birth process affects postnatal development and/or function of the somatotrophic axis in the neonatal pig.

Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 2011

Abstract Under congestion pricing, Canadian airports would annually save between 72and72 and 72and105 mil... more Abstract Under congestion pricing, Canadian airports would annually save between 72and72 and 72and105 million. Social costs per landing and takeoff decrease about 300atTorontoandVancouverand300 at Toronto and Vancouver and 300atTorontoandVancouverand50 at Calgary and Montreal. Slot constraints fail to eliminate this airport congestion. Congestion prices are lower on average than existing weight-based prices. Current airport capacity accommodates at least five more years

British Journal of General Practice, 2012

animal, 2010

Appetite control is a major issue in normal growth and in suboptimal growth performance settings.... more Appetite control is a major issue in normal growth and in suboptimal growth performance settings. A number of hormones, in particular leptin, activate or inhibit orexigenic or anorexigenic neurotransmitters within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, where feed intake regulation is integrated. Examples of appetite regulatory neurotransmitters are the stimulatory neurotransmitters neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related protein (AgRP), orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone and the inhibitory neurotransmitter, melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). Examination of messenger RNA (usingin situhybridization and real-time PCR) and proteins (using immunohistochemistry) for these neurotransmitters in ruminants has indicated that physiological regulation occurs in response to fasting for several of these critical genes and proteins, especially AgRP and NPY. Moreover, intracerebroventricular injection of each of the four stimulatory neurotransmitters can increase feed intake in sheep and ma...