jose ramon calvo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by jose ramon calvo

Substance Use & Misuse, 2005

This paper contributes to the empirical knowledge of determinants of smoking initiation in adoles... more This paper contributes to the empirical knowledge of determinants of smoking initiation in adolescents. The instrument we used was a structural equation model, which is a powerful tool to analyze causal relationships in nonexperimental studies. We used a school-based sample of 1198 teenagers from Spain. We measured the attitude of the adolescents towards tobacco. Attitudes and smoking status are related. Attitudes become more favorable to smoking, as experimentation with cigarettes progresses and pupils become older. Teenagers who have tried at least one cigarette are on average more favorable to smoking than those who had never smoked. The study's limitations were noted.

Smoking, at present implies a serious problem in society. Among women, smoking has increased in t... more Smoking, at present implies a serious problem in society. Among women, smoking has increased in the last years, not only the developed countries but in the developing ones. In Spain, 27.2% of females over 15 smoke, being of special concern ...

Journal of Drug Education, 2003

Background: In adolescents aged 12–14, we measured attitudes to tobacco advertising. Our purpose ... more Background: In adolescents aged 12–14, we measured attitudes to tobacco advertising. Our purpose is to understand the relation of these attitudes to tobacco use and identify the groups most influenced by the advertising. Methods: Survey of adolescents on Gran Canaria Island, Spain, about aspects of family, school, peers, tobacco consumption, and tobacco advertising. The subjects of the double-stratified cluster sample were 1910 students at the same grade level in 33 schools; 86.6% were 13 or 14 years old, and 51.2% were boys. We generated measures for attitudes to tobacco advertising from replies to seven questions with ordinal scales by an analysis of categorical principal components. To relate attitude to tobacco advertising and the profiles of these adolescents, we used multiple regression and logistic regression models. Results: Attitudes to tobacco advertising are related to some home and school factors, but most significantly to tobacco and alcohol consumption, to amount of ti...

Substance Use & Misuse, 2005

This paper contributes to the empirical knowledge of determinants of smoking initiation in adoles... more This paper contributes to the empirical knowledge of determinants of smoking initiation in adolescents. The instrument we used was a structural equation model, which is a powerful tool to analyze causal relationships in nonexperimental studies. We used a school-based sample of 1198 teenagers from Spain. We measured the attitude of the adolescents towards tobacco. Attitudes and smoking status are related. Attitudes become more favorable to smoking, as experimentation with cigarettes progresses and pupils become older. Teenagers who have tried at least one cigarette are on average more favorable to smoking than those who had never smoked. The study's limitations were noted.

Smoking, at present implies a serious problem in society. Among women, smoking has increased in t... more Smoking, at present implies a serious problem in society. Among women, smoking has increased in the last years, not only the developed countries but in the developing ones. In Spain, 27.2% of females over 15 smoke, being of special concern ...

Journal of Drug Education, 2003

Background: In adolescents aged 12–14, we measured attitudes to tobacco advertising. Our purpose ... more Background: In adolescents aged 12–14, we measured attitudes to tobacco advertising. Our purpose is to understand the relation of these attitudes to tobacco use and identify the groups most influenced by the advertising. Methods: Survey of adolescents on Gran Canaria Island, Spain, about aspects of family, school, peers, tobacco consumption, and tobacco advertising. The subjects of the double-stratified cluster sample were 1910 students at the same grade level in 33 schools; 86.6% were 13 or 14 years old, and 51.2% were boys. We generated measures for attitudes to tobacco advertising from replies to seven questions with ordinal scales by an analysis of categorical principal components. To relate attitude to tobacco advertising and the profiles of these adolescents, we used multiple regression and logistic regression models. Results: Attitudes to tobacco advertising are related to some home and school factors, but most significantly to tobacco and alcohol consumption, to amount of ti...