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Papers by joyce klein rosenthal
Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decad... more Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decades, placing greater stress and impacts on multiple social and biophysical systems, including population health, coastal development, urban infrastructure, energy demand, and water supplies. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanisation of poverty exists, with increased challenges for urban populations and local governance to protect and sustain the well-being of growing cities. In the context of these 2 overarching trends, interdisciplinary research at the city scale is prioritised for understanding the social impacts of climate change and variability and for the evaluation of strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive responses to climate change. This article discusses 2 recent initiatives of The Earth Institute at Columbia University (EI) as examples of research that integrates the methods and objectives of several disciplines, including environmental...
Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore, Oct 1, 2007
There is an imminent need to downscale the global climate models used by international consortium... more There is an imminent need to downscale the global climate models used by international consortiums like the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) to predict the future regional impacts of climate change. To meet this need, a "place-based" climate model that makes specific regional projections about future environmental conditions local inhabitants could face is being created by the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University, in collaboration with other researchers and universities, for New York City and the 31 surrounding counties. This presentation describes the design and initial results of this modeling study, aimed at simulating the effects of global climate change and regional land use change on climate and air quality over the northeastern United States in order to project the associated public health impacts in the region. Heat waves and elevated concentrations of ozone and fine particles are significant current public health stressors in the New York metropolitan area. The New York Climate and Health Project is linking human dimension and natural sciences models to assess the potential for future public health impacts from heat stress and air quality, and yield improved tools for assessing climate change impacts. The model will be applied to the NY metropolitan east coast region. The following questions will be addressed: 1. What changes in the frequency and severity of extreme heat events are likely to occur over the next 80 years due to a range of possible scenarios of land use and land cover (LU/LC) and climate change in the region? 2. How might the frequency and severity of episodic concentrations of ozone (O3) and airborne particulate matter smaller than 2.5 æm in diameter (PM2.5) change over the next 80 years due to a range of possible scenarios of land use and climate change in the metropolitan region? 3. What is the range of possible human health impacts of these changes in the region? 4. How might projected future human exposures and responses to heat stress and air quality differ as a function of socio-economic status and race/ethnicity across the region? The model systems used for this study are the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Global Atmosphere-Ocean Model; the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) and PennState/NCAR MM5 mesoscale meteorological models; the SLEUTH land use model; the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions Modeling System (SMOKE); the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) and Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) models for simulating regional air quality; and exposure-risk coefficients for assessing population health impacts based on exposure to extreme heat, fine particulates (PM2.5) and ozone. Two different IPCC global emission scenarios and two different regional land use growth scenarios are considered in the simulations, spanning a range of possible futures. In addition to base simulations for selected time periods in the decade 1990 - 2000, the integrated model is used to simulate future scenarios in the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s. Predictions from both the meteorological models and the air quality models are compared against available observations for the simulations in the 1990s to establish baseline model performance. A series of sensitivity tests will address whether changes in meteorology due to global climate change, changes in regional land use, or changes in emissions have the largest impact on predicted ozone and particulate matter concentrations.
Located about 1100 km north of the U.S.—Canada border between Quebec and Ontario, James Bay posse... more Located about 1100 km north of the U.S.—Canada border between Quebec and Ontario, James Bay possesses extensive coastal marshes and intertidal flats on the southern and western coasts, providing critical habitat for shorebirds and waterfowl migrating between northern breeding grounds and wintering areas farther to the south. They flock there by the millions in spring, summer and fall to feed, moult or nest. In many ways, James Bay is the northern equivalent of tropical rainforests. Although protected in the past by its remoteness, James Bay now faces severe threats from development projects under consideration by the Que-bec government. While environmentalists see James Bay as a home for birds, fish, marine mammals and other wildlife, the Quebec government sees the bay and its surroundingwater catchment as an opportunity to reduce high unemployment by developing the area to produce electricity and water for export to the United States. As Premier Robert Bourassa envisions his provin...
Changes in climate patterns are expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the followin... more Changes in climate patterns are expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decades, with adverse impacts on urban populations currently stressed by poverty, health and economic inequities. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanization of poverty exists, with increased challenges for local governments to protect and sustain the well-being of growing cities. In the context of these two overarching trends, interdisciplinary research at the city scale is prioritized for understanding the social impacts of climate change and variability and for the evaluation of strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive and mitigative responses to climate change. Urban managers, and transnational networks of municipalities and non-state actors, have taken an increasingly active role in climate protection, through research, policies, programs and agreements on adaptation and mitigation strategies. Concerns for urban impacts of climate change incl...
The impacts of climate change on temperate urban areas may include the increase in frequency and ... more The impacts of climate change on temperate urban areas may include the increase in frequency and intensity of damaging extreme weather events, such as heat waves, hurricanes, heavy rainfall or drought, and coastal flooding and erosion, and potential adverse impacts on infrastructure, energy systems, and public health. Warmer average summertime temperatures are also associated with environmental and public health liabilities, such as decreased air quality and increased peak electrical demand. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanization of poverty exists, with increased challenges for local governments to protect and sustain the well-being of growing cities and populations currently stressed by poverty, health and economic inequities. In the context of these trends, research at the city scale has sought to understand the social and economic impacts of climate change and variability and to evaluate strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive and miti...
Climate Change Management, 2012
Developments in Environmental Science, 2007
ABSTRACT The work presented in this paper is part of a larger study whose objective it is to anal... more ABSTRACT The work presented in this paper is part of a larger study whose objective it is to analyze the link between climate variability, air quality, and health over New York State and surrounding areas. The specific aims of the project are to: (1) develop fine-scale gridded maps of hourly surface weather, ozone, and particulate matter (PM) over New York State over the 15-year period 1988–2002 using observations integrated with simulations from a photochemical modeling system, (2) analyze the relationship between climate variability and episodes of extreme PM, ozone, and heat, and (3) measure the independent and joint effects of air quality and weather on acute mortality and hospitalization risks from 1988 to 2002.
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2007
Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decad... more Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decades, placing greater stress and impacts on multiple social and biophysical systems, including population health, coastal development, urban infrastructure, energy demand, and water supplies. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanisation of poverty exists, with increased challenges for urban populations and local governance to protect and sustain the wellbeing of growing cities. In the context of these 2 overarching trends, interdisciplinary research at the city scale is prioritised for understanding the social impacts of climate change and variability and for the evaluation of strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive responses to climate change. This article discusses 2 recent initiatives of The Earth Institute at Columbia University (EI) as examples of research that integrates the methods and objectives of several disciplines, including environmental ...
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2006
... Fainstein, Steve Cohen, Louise Rosen, Nicole Volavka, Julie Touber, Mary Northridge, Patrick ... more ... Fainstein, Steve Cohen, Louise Rosen, Nicole Volavka, Julie Touber, Mary Northridge, Patrick Kinney and Kim Knowlton; and our colleagues in Sustainable South Bronx's Smart Roofs Demonstration Project, Majora Carter, Robert Crauderueff, Kathleen Bakewell and Suzanne ...
This paper describes results of a modeling study aimed at simulating the effects of global climat... more This paper describes results of a modeling study aimed at simulating the effects of global climate change on climate and air quality over the northeastern United States with a focus on the New York City metropolitan area. The modeling system used for this study consists of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Global Atmosphere-Ocean Model; the PennState/NCAR MM5 mesoscale
New tools are needed for assessing public health impacts of climate change. This paper describes ... more New tools are needed for assessing public health impacts of climate change. This paper describes the results of an integrated assessment of the health impacts of global climate change in the New York metropolitan region, projected for the decade of the 2050s. The model systems used for this study are the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Global Atmosphere-Ocean Model;
NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 1997
Outdoor air pollution remains a serious public health problem in cities throughout the world. In ... more Outdoor air pollution remains a serious public health problem in cities throughout the world. In the US, despite considerable progress in reducing emissions over the past 30 years, as many as 50,000 premature deaths each year have been attributed to airborne particulate matter alone. Tropospheric ozone has been associated with increased daily mortality and hospitalization rates, and with a variety
Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decad... more Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decades, placing greater stress and impacts on multiple social and biophysical systems, including population health, coastal development, urban infrastructure, energy demand, and water supplies. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanisation of poverty exists, with increased challenges for urban populations and local governance to protect and sustain the well-being of growing cities. In the context of these 2 overarching trends, interdisciplinary research at the city scale is prioritised for understanding the social impacts of climate change and variability and for the evaluation of strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive responses to climate change. This article discusses 2 recent initiatives of The Earth Institute at Columbia University (EI) as examples of research that integrates the methods and objectives of several disciplines, including environmental...
Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore, Oct 1, 2007
There is an imminent need to downscale the global climate models used by international consortium... more There is an imminent need to downscale the global climate models used by international consortiums like the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) to predict the future regional impacts of climate change. To meet this need, a "place-based" climate model that makes specific regional projections about future environmental conditions local inhabitants could face is being created by the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University, in collaboration with other researchers and universities, for New York City and the 31 surrounding counties. This presentation describes the design and initial results of this modeling study, aimed at simulating the effects of global climate change and regional land use change on climate and air quality over the northeastern United States in order to project the associated public health impacts in the region. Heat waves and elevated concentrations of ozone and fine particles are significant current public health stressors in the New York metropolitan area. The New York Climate and Health Project is linking human dimension and natural sciences models to assess the potential for future public health impacts from heat stress and air quality, and yield improved tools for assessing climate change impacts. The model will be applied to the NY metropolitan east coast region. The following questions will be addressed: 1. What changes in the frequency and severity of extreme heat events are likely to occur over the next 80 years due to a range of possible scenarios of land use and land cover (LU/LC) and climate change in the region? 2. How might the frequency and severity of episodic concentrations of ozone (O3) and airborne particulate matter smaller than 2.5 æm in diameter (PM2.5) change over the next 80 years due to a range of possible scenarios of land use and climate change in the metropolitan region? 3. What is the range of possible human health impacts of these changes in the region? 4. How might projected future human exposures and responses to heat stress and air quality differ as a function of socio-economic status and race/ethnicity across the region? The model systems used for this study are the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Global Atmosphere-Ocean Model; the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) and PennState/NCAR MM5 mesoscale meteorological models; the SLEUTH land use model; the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions Modeling System (SMOKE); the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) and Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) models for simulating regional air quality; and exposure-risk coefficients for assessing population health impacts based on exposure to extreme heat, fine particulates (PM2.5) and ozone. Two different IPCC global emission scenarios and two different regional land use growth scenarios are considered in the simulations, spanning a range of possible futures. In addition to base simulations for selected time periods in the decade 1990 - 2000, the integrated model is used to simulate future scenarios in the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s. Predictions from both the meteorological models and the air quality models are compared against available observations for the simulations in the 1990s to establish baseline model performance. A series of sensitivity tests will address whether changes in meteorology due to global climate change, changes in regional land use, or changes in emissions have the largest impact on predicted ozone and particulate matter concentrations.
Located about 1100 km north of the U.S.—Canada border between Quebec and Ontario, James Bay posse... more Located about 1100 km north of the U.S.—Canada border between Quebec and Ontario, James Bay possesses extensive coastal marshes and intertidal flats on the southern and western coasts, providing critical habitat for shorebirds and waterfowl migrating between northern breeding grounds and wintering areas farther to the south. They flock there by the millions in spring, summer and fall to feed, moult or nest. In many ways, James Bay is the northern equivalent of tropical rainforests. Although protected in the past by its remoteness, James Bay now faces severe threats from development projects under consideration by the Que-bec government. While environmentalists see James Bay as a home for birds, fish, marine mammals and other wildlife, the Quebec government sees the bay and its surroundingwater catchment as an opportunity to reduce high unemployment by developing the area to produce electricity and water for export to the United States. As Premier Robert Bourassa envisions his provin...
Changes in climate patterns are expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the followin... more Changes in climate patterns are expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decades, with adverse impacts on urban populations currently stressed by poverty, health and economic inequities. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanization of poverty exists, with increased challenges for local governments to protect and sustain the well-being of growing cities. In the context of these two overarching trends, interdisciplinary research at the city scale is prioritized for understanding the social impacts of climate change and variability and for the evaluation of strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive and mitigative responses to climate change. Urban managers, and transnational networks of municipalities and non-state actors, have taken an increasingly active role in climate protection, through research, policies, programs and agreements on adaptation and mitigation strategies. Concerns for urban impacts of climate change incl...
The impacts of climate change on temperate urban areas may include the increase in frequency and ... more The impacts of climate change on temperate urban areas may include the increase in frequency and intensity of damaging extreme weather events, such as heat waves, hurricanes, heavy rainfall or drought, and coastal flooding and erosion, and potential adverse impacts on infrastructure, energy systems, and public health. Warmer average summertime temperatures are also associated with environmental and public health liabilities, such as decreased air quality and increased peak electrical demand. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanization of poverty exists, with increased challenges for local governments to protect and sustain the well-being of growing cities and populations currently stressed by poverty, health and economic inequities. In the context of these trends, research at the city scale has sought to understand the social and economic impacts of climate change and variability and to evaluate strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive and miti...
Climate Change Management, 2012
Developments in Environmental Science, 2007
ABSTRACT The work presented in this paper is part of a larger study whose objective it is to anal... more ABSTRACT The work presented in this paper is part of a larger study whose objective it is to analyze the link between climate variability, air quality, and health over New York State and surrounding areas. The specific aims of the project are to: (1) develop fine-scale gridded maps of hourly surface weather, ozone, and particulate matter (PM) over New York State over the 15-year period 1988–2002 using observations integrated with simulations from a photochemical modeling system, (2) analyze the relationship between climate variability and episodes of extreme PM, ozone, and heat, and (3) measure the independent and joint effects of air quality and weather on acute mortality and hospitalization risks from 1988 to 2002.
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2007
Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decad... more Global climate change is expected to pose increasing challenges for cities in the following decades, placing greater stress and impacts on multiple social and biophysical systems, including population health, coastal development, urban infrastructure, energy demand, and water supplies. Simultaneously, a strong global trend towards urbanisation of poverty exists, with increased challenges for urban populations and local governance to protect and sustain the wellbeing of growing cities. In the context of these 2 overarching trends, interdisciplinary research at the city scale is prioritised for understanding the social impacts of climate change and variability and for the evaluation of strategies in the built environment that might serve as adaptive responses to climate change. This article discusses 2 recent initiatives of The Earth Institute at Columbia University (EI) as examples of research that integrates the methods and objectives of several disciplines, including environmental ...
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2006
... Fainstein, Steve Cohen, Louise Rosen, Nicole Volavka, Julie Touber, Mary Northridge, Patrick ... more ... Fainstein, Steve Cohen, Louise Rosen, Nicole Volavka, Julie Touber, Mary Northridge, Patrick Kinney and Kim Knowlton; and our colleagues in Sustainable South Bronx's Smart Roofs Demonstration Project, Majora Carter, Robert Crauderueff, Kathleen Bakewell and Suzanne ...
This paper describes results of a modeling study aimed at simulating the effects of global climat... more This paper describes results of a modeling study aimed at simulating the effects of global climate change on climate and air quality over the northeastern United States with a focus on the New York City metropolitan area. The modeling system used for this study consists of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Global Atmosphere-Ocean Model; the PennState/NCAR MM5 mesoscale
New tools are needed for assessing public health impacts of climate change. This paper describes ... more New tools are needed for assessing public health impacts of climate change. This paper describes the results of an integrated assessment of the health impacts of global climate change in the New York metropolitan region, projected for the decade of the 2050s. The model systems used for this study are the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Global Atmosphere-Ocean Model;
NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 1997
Outdoor air pollution remains a serious public health problem in cities throughout the world. In ... more Outdoor air pollution remains a serious public health problem in cities throughout the world. In the US, despite considerable progress in reducing emissions over the past 30 years, as many as 50,000 premature deaths each year have been attributed to airborne particulate matter alone. Tropospheric ozone has been associated with increased daily mortality and hospitalization rates, and with a variety