kale Orodu - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by kale Orodu

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

Petroleum reservoir fluid is commonly classified as individual components of C1 – C6 and lumped-u... more Petroleum reservoir fluid is commonly classified as individual components of C1 – C6 and lumped-up component of C7+. C7+ are hydrocarbon components of C7-heptane and above, that is, heavy hydrocarbons that are minimal in natural gas. De-lumping or splitting of C7+ into individual components is vital for accurate and efficient estimation of fluid properties. A number of correlations exist in literature and pressure-volume-temperature software for this. The least accurate and simple model by Lohrenz, Bray & Clark (1984) was modified in this work. Efficiency of the new model is highly comparable with existing models in the rigorous PVT systems for computing intensive and extensive natural gas properties.

Day 2 Tue, August 02, 2022

Several analytical techniques have been identified to obtain reliable estimates of production. Ou... more Several analytical techniques have been identified to obtain reliable estimates of production. Out of these numerous methods, decline curves are the most extensively used technique for the production forecast of Niger Delta Reservoirs. However, a major setback in applying the decline curve is its inability to adapt predictions to different past operational scenarios and uncertainties. With the emergence of big data and increasing computational power, machine learning techniques are increasingly being used to solve problems like this in the oil and gas industry. The objective of this paper is to present the application of a machine learning-based framework to predict the future performance of producing wells in some reservoirs in Niger Delta. In this paper, a machine learning model (Neural Networks model) was used to detect the non-linear relationship between the inputs in the production data and predict the future production rate of wells. The model is trained using available data f...

Energy Sources Part A-recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2021

Non-cubic equations of state (nCEOS) are increasingly showing improved performance at predicting ... more Non-cubic equations of state (nCEOS) are increasingly showing improved performance at predicting volumetric properties of hydrocarbons, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide at high-pressure high-temperature over volume translation-based cubic equations of state (VT-CEOS). However, since nCEOS are rather complex, a less mathematically complex and more accurate CEOS is desired. Hence, in this study, we have explored different techniques, including conventional (non-linear regression) and machine learning-based approaches (random forest) to predict a more accurate molar volume deviation term of the VT-CEOS. We used an extensive high-pressure and high temperature PVT dataset ranging from 50 to 150 MPa and 300 – 500 K respectively in this study. The VT was modeled as a function of reduced temperature only as well as reduced temperature and molecular weight/critical pressure of the pure hydrocarbon components. Statistical analyses and graphs displayed high performance of the developed predictive models over existing VT-CEOS models applied to HPHT and PC–SAFT. More specifically, the machine learning model gave 99% accuracy while the accuracy of the conventional approach ranged from 60-98%. To the best of the knowledge of the authors, the application of machine learning to estimating volume-translation based on CEOS for pure hydrocarbon components of natural gas and heavy hydrocarbons is nonexistent. This paper presents the first application of physics-based machine learning and the use of features that honors thermodynamic principles for prediction of hydrocarbon density.

Waste to biogas initiative is one major solution to the exponential increase of solid wastes in b... more Waste to biogas initiative is one major solution to the exponential increase of solid wastes in both rural and urban cities in Nigeria. This study examines the potential of producing organic waste materials for biogas and its benefits to the immediate councils where these organic waste are found in abundance. The choice of organic materials was based on reports from characterization from published literature. Based on this review, it was observed that researchers have been proposing a lot of unique approaches to manage solid waste generation. Most of their emphasis is towards perfect waste collection and disposal, but these approaches are very expensive considering the tight budget that the country is faced with. Various studies on this subject have been compiled from 2001 to 2017 and their outcomes and discoveries have been highlighted to show the importance of converting these organic wastes to biogas. The production and use of renewable energy sources are justified not only by en...

Energy Sources Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021

Surfactants are known for their unique property in lowering the interfacial tension (IFT) amid fl... more Surfactants are known for their unique property in lowering the interfacial tension (IFT) amid fluids injected and heavy crude oil of 22.3°API. In this present work, an original surfactant was formulated from natural oil (Castor oil) to see its use in enhanced oil recovery. The results from interfacial tension reduction by the castor oil-based surfactant were compared to that of the industrial surfactant (Methyl ester sulfonate). The IFT between the aqueous phases was measured then the effect of the surfactants was studied in core flooding experiments. The IFT was found to be reduced to as low as 12.1 mN/m using the castor-based surfactant and 12.3 mN/m using the industrial surfactant. The influence of brine concentration on IFT was also investigated. Results from core floods showed that the range of oil recovery after waterflood is in the range of 30-40% and the additional recovery from surfactant flooding in the range of 35-46%.

Data in Brief, 2021

This research investigates the combined effect of grain size and water salinity on oil recovery. ... more This research investigates the combined effect of grain size and water salinity on oil recovery. Water flooding experiment was carried out using unconsolidated formation from Niger Delta. Five groups consisting of five samples, were tested for the effective interaction of two factors (grain size and salinity) and how they affect oil recovery. Each group was assigned a particular grain size while the prepared brine concentration was varied within a specified range. The selected grain sizes were obtained from laboratory sieve analyses. For each sand sample, the same concentration of brine used in saturating it was poured into the accumulator and connected to the flooding tube to displace a column of crude oil. The control valve was opened to cause oil displacement. The amount of brine used to displace the crude oil was ten times the pore volume and all the oil in each sample was recovered by the saturated brine solution. Laboratory investigations show that oil recovery was highest for...

Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 2020

Most states in Nigeria are faced with the challenge of ensuring a sustainable energy supply and s... more Most states in Nigeria are faced with the challenge of ensuring a sustainable energy supply and safe waste management. Anaerobic digestion meets the requirements of sustainable alternative fuels and is also an environmental disposal method. Producing clean alternative biogas energy from waste is also one of the best ways to meet these challenges. This study uses a bottom-up resource-oriented approach to assess the biogas potential in Nigeria through the use of organic waste. The objective is to analyse the potential in utilising the available organic waste during anaerobic digestion. The analysis summarises several studies on this issue from 2001 to 2019, and their conclusions are highlighted and used to infer the importance of converting these organic wastes into biogas. The environmental impact of the process is so great that it must be taken into account. However, Nigeria does not have an appropriate and suitable source separation scheme and should invest in waste separation. Sou...

A simple experimental set-up is used to validate capillary-tube models of flow in porous media fo... more A simple experimental set-up is used to validate capillary-tube models of flow in porous media for (non-) spherical particles and coarse grains of particular/specific mesh sizes. Of the two models used, one model characterizes the structure of the media apart from particle diameter or equivalent particle diameter for non-spherical objects compared to the other model. The magnitude of computed tortuosity for particles/grains studied is in order, however, that of the spherical particles was slightly higher than published values for spheres. Likewise, the ratio of dynamic to static specific surface area was below anticipated and known results in literature. For the non-spherical particle that was approximated as a half-oblate spheroid, the possible error in computed volume and surface area may be the reason for the deviation of computed equivalent diameter from the effective diameter obtained by fitting Ergun correlation to experimental result. The deviation of computed results based o...

Value-focused thinking is often designed to focus decisions on the essential activities that must... more Value-focused thinking is often designed to focus decisions on the essential activities that must occur prior to solving a decision problem. This approach was adopted by the Nigerian government in the fiscal legislation for Deep Offshore and Inland Basin Production Sharing Contract (DOIBPSC) Act enacted in 1999 and the subsequent amendment of 2020 version. One major item of interest in the amended Act is the introduction of royalty by price to enable the government to capture windfall in high oil price spike. This study evaluates the new fiscal regime to ascertain its attractiveness and impact on contractor take. Four features (royalty, cost recovery, tax oil, and profit oil) of the PSC contract terms were used to determine contractor and government takes from the transactions. This study adopted the full range of oil prices captured in the amended DOIBPSC Act in addition to the current market price of oil estimation. Six ranges of oil price ($20/bbl, $ 0/bbl, 0/bbl,0/bbl, 0/bbl,0/bbl, $20/bb...

In end milling, accurate setting of process parameters is extremely important to obtained enhance... more In end milling, accurate setting of process parameters is extremely important to obtained enhanced surface roughness (SR). Due to a recent innovation in mechanization made it possible to produce high quality manufacturing products. The perceptions of quality in mechanical products are their physical look that is the surface roughness (SR). The aim of this research work is to develop mathematical expression (M.E) and mathematical model using least square approximation method and Response Surface Methodology (RMS) to predict the SR for end milling of Al 6061 alloy. The process parameters that were selected as predictors for the SR are Spindle speed (V), axial depth of cut (a), feed rate (f) and radial depth of cut (d). 30 samples of Al 6061 alloy were carried out using SIEG 3/10/0010 CNC machines and each of the experimental result was measured using Mitutoyo surface roughness tester and Presso- firm. The minimum SR of 0.5 μm were obtained at a spindle speed of 2034.608 rpm, feed rate...

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Drilling operations in deep-water environment is faced with technical challenges despite its mass... more Drilling operations in deep-water environment is faced with technical challenges despite its massive record of huge hydrocarbon reserves when compared with onshore oil and gas fields. The weak, unstable formations coupled with adverse deep-water conditions poses as a challenge to cementing operations. Narrow pressure window conditions are encountered when the wellbore pressure required to contain subsurface pressures lies close to the pressure at which losses may be sustained. This is evidence in the ratio of pore pressure to vertical stress moving close to lithostatic condition. This can either be caused by porous formation or by the way of inducted fractures in weak or sheared or unconsolidated zones in the subsurface. This study showed an overview of some possible challenges faced in deep-water cementing operations in relation with stratigraphic features of the deep-water environment. From the review it was gathered that the stratigraphic nature of deep-water environment has a hu...

SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, 2013

Sidetrack during field development and ongoing production arises to exploit bypassed reserves (un... more Sidetrack during field development and ongoing production arises to exploit bypassed reserves (unswept areas under secondary and/or tertiary recovery}, unexploited zones and unforeseen conditions likely to build due to uncertainties and heterogeneity in initially characterizing a reservoir. Whereas recompletion is prone due to sequential production of stacked reservoirs or multiple pay zones that is necessitated by regulation on comingling. The purpose of this paper is to optimize the time for s idetrack/recompletion job in multiple pay zones in view of maximizing returns on investment. A simple case to elicit the workflow is based on two pay zones and applies Experimental Design (ED), and economic analysis in the form of Net Present Value (NPV). The procedure followed for this study started with the identification of the reservoir uncertainties and their ranges; focusing basically on net pay thickness, porosity, permeability, and time to perform the sidetrack; the reservoirs are assumed to be undersaturated. The Box-Behnken response surface design in ED was used to reduce the number runs to make by generating the most effective combination of variables for the experiment. Experimental runs were conducted with a Black Oil reservoir simulator to give production profile. NPY values using stipulated Oil price, CAPE)(, OPEX, tax rate, royalty and production rates were estimated, which was used afterwards to produce the Proxy model in ED and this developed correlation was used to analyse the effect of time changes. NPY computed from the Proxy Model was reasonable; however, a higher level D-Optimal design as against the 2-level design used in this study may be required for a reasonable match ofNPY with respect to sidetrack (recompletion) time. In conclusion, the incorporation of time was successful and gives way to studying the impact of not only reservoir uncertainties but the uncertainty that arises from a success or failure of the sidetrack that further gives way to the application of decision analysis and the evaluation ofNPY by Proxy Models for each possible outcome.

South African Journal of Chemical Engineering

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management

Advanced Engineering Forum

Drilling engineers and operators are stuck with challenges associated with loss circulation of dr... more Drilling engineers and operators are stuck with challenges associated with loss circulation of drilling fluids in wellbores during drilling operation. At such times, a clear and careful decision is required in order to minimize cost or save resources that would have been lost in the bid to remedy the situation. This then informs the need to deploy reliable tools that will inform useful decisions as drawn from a thorough risk-analysis coined from the information gathered from the formation characteristics and operating pressure. In this study, a real-time statistic based approach was adopted in carrying out risk-evaluation of loss circulation events in a wellbore. Based on the expected opportunity loss analysis, it is often non-negotiable to consider other options when the analytical solution suggests that the well should be “abandoned”. For the decision tree, at the decision node, D1, the expected loss of the seal off zone option is $161.25, the expected loss of the drill ahead opti...

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology

In a bid to combat fluid loss in muds where the effects of high downhole temperatures have pronou... more In a bid to combat fluid loss in muds where the effects of high downhole temperatures have pronounced effects on conventional fluid loss additives, several materials have over time been evaluated. One of such materials is the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Most studies in the literature limit the scope of their investigation to how the MWCNT affects mud rheology when added in minute concentrations (0.01-1 ppb). In this study, however, the performance of high concentrations (0.5-3 ppb) of multiwall carbon nanotubes as fluid loss control additives in field-applicable mud systems was put to the test. The essence was to establish an optimal concentration useful for field applications. The degree to which the introduction of varying concentrations of the MWCNT altered the muds capacity to control filter loss was the cardinal areas evaluated. The following are the major outcomes of the experimental study: The plastic viscosity, the yield point and the gel strengths showed a progressive increase as the concentration of the MWCNT in the mud increased for both the water-and oil-based muds. However, an optimum concentration of 2 ppb was observed for the water-based mud. For the filter loss tests on the oil-based mud, the results indicate that low concentrations (0.5 ppb) of the MWCNT led to high filter loss volumes (15 ml), but an increase up to 2.5 ppb reduced the margin of the filter loss volume by 52% (7 ml) from the initial value and a 50% decrease for the standard case. In the case of the water-based mud, equivalent amounts of MWCNT recorded less fluid loss than the standard. A moderately hard and firm cake was reported for all concentrations of the standard and MWCNT for the water-and oil-based muds; however, their cake thickness values were 2 mm and 1 mm for the water-and the oil-based muds, respectively.

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation

The most essential properties of a natural gas are the thermodynamic property such as Gas compres... more The most essential properties of a natural gas are the thermodynamic property such as Gas compressibility factor (Z), and it is used to quantify the level of deviation of a real gas from an ideal gas at a certain temperature and pressure. Based on the importance of this property, many means have been proposed to derive the Z factor parameter such as through Experimental analysis, Equation of state and Empirical correlations. For correlations, both implicit correlations and explicit correlations have been modelled in order to best measure this deviation. However, the explicit correlation has not considered pseudo reduced temperature of less than 1. This study analyzed previous correlations in order to gain knowledge on their working conditions, limitations, and methods of derivations. A quick and dependable approach in modeling Z factor correlation from the pseudo reduced temperature and pressure was adopted. The study proposed a new and accurate correlation that can be employed in daily calculations that is an extension of Beggs-Brill Correlation (BBC), Azizi-Behbahani-Isazadeh Correlation (ABIC) and Sanjari-Lay Correlation (SLC). The composite correlation technique led to the derivation of 3 new equations for gas compressibility factor. A regression analysis was run to see how far the new correlations deviated from the previous ones and two of the correlations proved to be conforming to the Standing and Katz model as well as the other base correlations used. The result obtained from the 3 new correlations were then validated with field data. The type of natural gas worked with was a binary mixture of methane and decane components. After the evaluation, it was seen that the new correlations worked accurately and should be included in future important calculations.