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Papers by katayoon karimzadeh

International Journal of Health Studies, Nov 7, 2017

Background: Chitin and its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, are unique biopolymers. Owing to th... more Background: Chitin and its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, are unique biopolymers. Owing to their properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, they have been widely applied in various industries. The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of chitin and chitosan extracted from freshwater prawn shells. Methods: In this research, prawn shell (Macrobrachium nipponense) is used as a source of chitin for the extraction of this valuable biopolymer. The inhibition zone of different concentrations (5, 7.5, and 10 mg/mL) of chitin and chitosan was examined for in vitro antibacterial activity against seven kinds of bacterial strains and two fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans). Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum lethal concentration were determined. Results: Chitosan had a more inhibitory effect than did chitin. Chitosan demonstrated the maximum inhibitory effect in Vibrio cholerae Ogawa, whereas the lowest value was observed in Escherichia coli (P<0.05). Fungal organisms were revealed to be bacterial pathogens more resistant to the chitin and chitosan that were extracted from prawn shell. Also, chitin and chitosan showed maximum inhibitory effects on A. niger. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration for chitin and chitosan was between 0.005% and 0.01%, and 0.005% and 0.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Chitosan showed greater antibacterial effect than did chitin against studied bacteria particularly V. Cholerae Ogawa and Staphylococcus aureus and also revealed good antifungal effects. Thus, chitosan may be used as a source of antimicrobial agent for medical and pharmaceutical applications.

Archives of Biological Sciences, 2013

Biotransformation enzymes of xenobiotics (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, cytochrome P4501A1 conten... more Biotransformation enzymes of xenobiotics (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, cytochrome P4501A1 content and glutathione-S-transferase) were investigated in the liver of Persian Sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) after a 96-hour exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), premutagenic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and beta-naphthoflavone (BNF). The fish were injected 10 mg/kg wet-body weight in corn oil for 96 hours every days. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity (EROD) and glutathione s-transferase activity (GST) were measured in the fish liver. Cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) content was estimated by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The response appeared as early as 12 hours post exposure. A time-dependent response was observed in the EROD activity, being significantly higher at 48 hours post exposure to 10 mg/kg of BaP. The greatest induction occurred in the fish treated with 10 mg/kg BaP, in which a 32.1fold increase in EROD activity was observed. Results showed that EROD activity in A. persicus is significantly increased by BaP and BNF treatments. Both chemicals showed higher values of EROD activity compared to the liver CYP1A content. There was a rise in glutathione-S-transferase activity in fish exposed to BNF, but no increase was observed in fish treated with BaP. The results showed that hepatic CYP1A expression in terms of induction of EROD activity might be suited as a biomarker of organic contamination in aquatic environments and led to lower sensitivity of the second phase in the detoxification enzyme.

Journal of Applied Ichthyology, Dec 1, 2006

... J. 63, 766779. Omura, T.; Sato, R., 1964: The carbon monoxide-binding pigment of liver micro... more ... J. 63, 766779. Omura, T.; Sato, R., 1964: The carbon monoxide-binding pigment of liver microsomes. ... 33, 37433753. Ueng., YF, 1995: Induction and purification of cytochrome P4501A1 from 3-Methylcholantheren-treated Tilapia, Oreo-chromis nioticus x Oreochromis aureus. ...

Toxicology Letters, Oct 1, 2008

The cytochrome P450 1A subfamily is responsive to environmental contaminants such as polycyclic a... more The cytochrome P450 1A subfamily is responsive to environmental contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Because of its inducibility, it has used as an important tool for impact assessment of pollutants in aquatic environments. The enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for measuring cytochrome P450 1A in two sturgeons, Beluga, Huso huso and Persian Sturgeon, Acipenser persicus are described. Fish, Sturgeons (Acipenser persicus and Huso huso) were treated by single i.p. injection of $-naphthoflavon (BNF) and 3-methylcolantheren (3MC) dissolved in corn oil at three doses 35, 70 and 105 mg/kg body weight/day respectively for 72 hours. Similarly control fish received an injection of only corn oil. Microsomal fraction was prepared and enzyme activity was measured with deethylation of ehtoxyresorufin reaction (EROD) by flourometery method. Immunodetetion of P4501A content was measured using ELISA technique. An indirect ELISA based on polyclonal rabbit anti-beluga cytochrome P450 1A IgG and monoclonal anti-cod P4501A1has been developed. ß-naphthoflovon treated-fish caused a 15-26 and 20-25 fold increase respectively in 7-ethoxyresorufin deethylase activity of Huso huso and Acipenser persicus liver microsomes than to controls. The results of ELISA were showed strong cross-reactivity of treated fish liver of microsomes as comparable to fish liver microsomal control. The strong cross reactivity was obtained in ELISA technique when the specific antibodies were applied. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) could be induced cytochrome P450 1A gene and is increased the enzyme biosynthysis, which is raised the cytochrome P4501A content in two Sturgeon with ELISA assay.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Jul 26, 2022

Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021

Background and purpose: Marine algae are potential renewable and sustainable sources of bioactive... more Background and purpose: Marine algae are potential renewable and sustainable sources of bioactive natural products which can be utilized in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Experimental approach: Different extracts (methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate) of red algae, Laurencia snyderiae, was evaluated for their antioxidant potential, with various antioxidant assessment assays, cytotoxic properties (using MTT colorimetric assay), and phytochemical constituents (total phenolic and flavonoid contents). The GC-MS analyses of the algal methanolic extract and its apoptotic effects on the human colon carcinoma cell line (HT29) were also investigated. Findings/Results: The total phenolic content in the methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of L. snyderiae was 3.6 ± 0.12, 3.2 ± 0.41, and 3.3 ± 0.35 μg/mg of gallic acid, respectively. Among different algae extracts, chloroform extract showed significantly chelating ability (IC50 = 0.027 mg/mL) and reducing power activity (IC50 = 0.082 mg/mL), while the highest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.058 mg/mL) exhibited in the methanol extract compared to the other extracts. The methanolic extract was found to have a higher cytotoxicity effect on colon carcinoma cells with IC50 70.2 μg/mL. The viability of the cancer cells was increased with the decrease in the concentration in different extracts. GC-MS analysis of the algal methanolic extract revealed the presence of active antitumor constituents and apoptosis-based cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells through the DNA damage was also confirmed. Conclusion and implications: Based on these results, the red algae L. snyderiae possesses potent bioactive constituents and can use as additional resources as a natural antioxidant and antitumor agent in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical area.

‫دسيبيي‬ ‫نٟ١ٜ‬ ٠ ‫ؾٗ١٘‬ ‫ٚجٗ٣‬ ‫د٠س٢‬ 13 ، ‫ؿٛبس٢‬ 3 ، ‫پبيیض‬ 1393 ‫دسيبيي‬ ‫نٟ١ٜ‬ ٠ ‫ؾٗ١٘‬ ‫ٚج... more ‫دسيبيي‬ ‫نٟ١ٜ‬ ٠ ‫ؾٗ١٘‬ ‫ٚجٗ٣‬ ‫د٠س٢‬ 13 ، ‫ؿٛبس٢‬ 3 ، ‫پبيیض‬ 1393 ‫دسيبيي‬ ‫نٟ١ٜ‬ ٠ ‫ؾٗ١٘‬ ‫ٚجٗ٣‬ ‫د٠س٢‬ 13 ، ‫ؿٛبس٢‬ 3 ، ‫پبيیض‬ 1393 ‫دسيبيي‬ ‫نٟ١ٜ‬ ٠ ‫ؾٗ١٘‬ ‫ٚجٗ٣‬ ‫د٠س٢‬ 13 ، ‫ؿٛبس٢‬ 3 ، ‫پبيیض‬ 1393 Growth pattern and body weight-length relationship of narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptoductylus.

Aacl Bioflux, 2016

Metallothioneins are a family of proteins that have a low molecular weight and are rich in cystei... more Metallothioneins are a family of proteins that have a low molecular weight and are rich in cysteine capable of attaching to metals. Biosynthesis of metallothionein could be influenced by several factors such as season and gender. This study was carried out to assess the effect of sex and season on metallothionein, total protein and some heavy metal concentration in Pontogammarus maeoticus. The concentration of metallothionein (MT) was in the range of 1.41-2.82 nmol mg protein. MT in female gammarus was significantly higher than in male (p < 0.05). The amount of MT in summer was recorded higher than spring in both genders. There was observed a based gender difference for MT levels and essential metals values. Females indicated higher level of MT and metals concentrations (Cu and Zn) than males. Significant difference between Cd and Pb with MT in the both gender was not observed through the seasons (p > 0.05). Also, the trend of total protein was steady during season in both gen...

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, 2018

Large amounts of valuable waste are produced during sea food processing. This has a great potenti... more Large amounts of valuable waste are produced during sea food processing. This has a great potential for conversion to biologically active proteins and polysaccharides. Among these compounds, sulfated polysaccharides have been considered due to their many biological properties. The present work was conducted to study anticoagulant activities and angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory effects of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) extracted from the cartilage of sturgeon (Acipenser persicus). The enzymatic extraction of sturgeon cartilage was performed in the presence of cetylpyridinium chloride salt. The structure was characterized via electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Herein, ACE inhibitory and anticoagulant properties of extracted GAGs were determined. The amount of GAGs was 6.8±1.3% of cartilage dry weight. GAGs showed good activity in ACE inhibitory – with a highest level of 85.7%. The derived anticoagulant activity indexes, APPT (ac...

Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2006

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture

The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of selenium nanoparticles (... more The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of selenium nanoparticles (nano-Se) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) against the malathion-induced blood hematological and biochemical alterations in Caspian roach (Rutilus caspicus). The fish treated with 0.5 mg L-1 malathion in water and supplemented with selenium nanoparticles (1 mg kg-1) and /or COS (600 mg kg-1) in their diet for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, the blood samples were collected and hematological indices were assayed including serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride as well as enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE). Significant decreases were observed in LDH level, AChE activities and hematological indices such as the white and red blood cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of the fish exposed to malathion (p &...

International Archives of Health Sciences, 2017

Aims: Bioactive compounds existing in crustacean shells have the potential to inhibit the growth ... more Aims: Bioactive compounds existing in crustacean shells have the potential to inhibit the growth of some pathogenic microorganism. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial effects of different extracts of prawn shells (Macrobrachium nipponense) on some human pathogenic bacteria. Materials and Methods: Sampling (prawn) was conducted in summer 2014 from Anzali wetland in southern coast of Caspian Sea. Then, the hydroalcoholic, methanolic, and acetone extracts of prawn shells were applied for this purpose. Two Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio cholerae, and Escherichia coli) were used as test organisms. The antibacterial activity was determined by paper disk diffusion. Results: The prawn shell extracts showed activity against pathogenic bacteria. The highest antibacterial activities were measured in B. subtilis, S. aureus, and V. cholerae with the zone of inhibition being 12.12 ± 0.32 mm, 12....

Introduction: Seaweeds are valuable resources for the discovery of efficient and safe drugs for p... more Introduction: Seaweeds are valuable resources for the discovery of efficient and safe drugs for pain treatment. In the present investigation, we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of, methanolic extract of Laurencia caspica, a red algae, in mice models. Methods: The analgesic effect of methanolic extract of L. caspica was assessed by hot-plate and acetic acid-induced writhing tests in male Swiss albino mice (weight = 20-25 g). The anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of L. caspica was also evaluated by formalin-induced ear edema and xylene-induced paw edema tests. Results: The total flavonoid content of the extract was estimated as 0.0537 mg quercetin/g extract. Both first and second phases of the nociception were significantly inhibited at a dose of 120 mg/kg of methanolic extract of L. caspica. The observed anti-inflammatory effect was dose-dependent. Acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate test showed that the extract significantly ...