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In this study, three types of surfactants specifically cationic, anionic and non-ionic at differe... more In this study, three types of surfactants specifically cationic, anionic and non-ionic at different weight percentages were added into high density polyethylene/low density polyethylene/cellulose (HDPE/LDPE/cellulose) biocomposites via melt mixing. The cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants that used were hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) and sodium stearate (SS) at 4 to 20 wt.%, whereas sorbitan monostearate (SM) at 1 to 5 wt.%, respectively. The melt processing characteristics of HDPE/LDPE/cellulose which is stabilization torque and stabilization temperature of the biocomposites has decreased with addition of HTAB, SS and SM. The mechanical testing results exhibited that the addition of HTAB increased tensile stress and modulus, while SS deteriorated mechanical properties, whilst SM increased impact strength and tensile extension of the biocomposites. Based on the mechanical properties results, optimum weight percentages of HTAB and SM were 12 wt.% and 4 wt.%, respectively. The compatibilizing effect was found in HTAB, whereas SM did not show compatibilizing effect but instead plasticizing effect. However, neither compatibilizing nor plasticizing effect was exhibited by SS.
In this study, three types of surfactants specifically cationic, anionic and non-ionic at differe... more In this study, three types of surfactants specifically cationic, anionic and non-ionic at different weight percentages were added into high density polyethylene/low density polyethylene/cellulose (HDPE/LDPE/cellulose) biocomposites via melt mixing. The cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants that used were hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) and sodium stearate (SS) at 4 to 20 wt.%, whereas sorbitan monostearate (SM) at 1 to 5 wt.%, respectively. The melt processing characteristics of HDPE/LDPE/cellulose which is stabilization torque and stabilization temperature of the biocomposites has decreased with addition of HTAB, SS and SM. The mechanical testing results exhibited that the addition of HTAB increased tensile stress and modulus, while SS deteriorated mechanical properties, whilst SM increased impact strength and tensile extension of the biocomposites. Based on the mechanical properties results, optimum weight percentages of HTAB and SM were 12 wt.% and 4 wt.%, respectively. The compatibilizing effect was found in HTAB, whereas SM did not show compatibilizing effect but instead plasticizing effect. However, neither compatibilizing nor plasticizing effect was exhibited by SS.