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Papers by ku halim ku hamid

Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2004

Plastics and the Environment, 2004

The agricultural and horticultural industries are emerging as major potential consumers of plasti... more The agricultural and horticultural industries are emerging as major potential consumers of plastics in the form of film, sheet, pipe, and molded products in such areas as agriculture: disease and pest control, water conservation supply and drainage, fertilizer transport, ...

ペトロテック Petrotech, Apr 1, 2004

Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute, May 1, 2002

Science and Technology in Catalysis 1998, Proceedings of the Third Tokyo Conference on Advanced Catalytic Science and Technology, 1999

This paper reports the development of novel hydrocracking catalysts supported on high-surface are... more This paper reports the development of novel hydrocracking catalysts supported on high-surface area saponite clay and pillared with either cobalt or nickel oxide. The catalysts were prepared by aging the Co or Ni nitrate solution, followed by addition of saponite, washing, drying and calcination. The catalysts were evaluated for HDS, HDN and hydrocracking activities in a batch autoclave reactor using vacuum gas oil as feedstock. The results show that the HDS, HDN and cracking activities of the novel catalysts are comparable to that of a conventional NiW/Si02-Al203 catalyst. The Co catalyst gave better HDS activity while the Ni catalyst showed higher HDN and cracking activity. Calcination before metal loading does not seem to effect the overall performance of the Co catalysts. It should be noted these activities are achieved despite the use only one metal as the active ingredient. The results of this study clearly indicate that the saponite clay based catalysts are a potential alternative to the conventional hydrocracking catalysts.

Applied Catalysis A: General, 1999

Catalysts of cobalt oxide loaded on smectic clays having high surface areas were prepared. Smecti... more Catalysts of cobalt oxide loaded on smectic clays having high surface areas were prepared. Smectic clays used were montmorillonite, saponite, porous saponite, hectorite and stevensite. The catalysts were tested for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity with ...

Handbook of MTBE and Other Gasoline Oxygenates, 2004

2012 IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and Engineering (CHUSER), 2012

The presence of heavy metals in the wastewater become a concern due to their toxicity effect to h... more The presence of heavy metals in the wastewater become a concern due to their toxicity effect to human health and environmental hazards. Conventional physical and chemical treatments are restricted because of their technical and economical constraints. One of the possible solutions is introducing biosorption method in heavy metals removal. The present study aim to evaluate the potential of Pleurotus ostreatus (P.ostreatus) fungus in the removal of Fe(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) ions from single and multi metal synthetic solution. Throughout the study, the best operating treatment process were found when the pH of the solution was above 4 with 80.52, 45.20, 12.47 and 2.88% removal for Fe(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II); agitation speed of 150 rpm and temperature of 25°C. It was found that the removal of heavy metals is lower from single than multi metal solution. The biosorption preference order of P.ostreatus is Fe(II) > Cu(II) > Pb(II) > Zn(II). The results obtained validate that biosorption by P.ostreatus is a potential method in replacing conventional heavy metal removal and in the wastewater treatment.

2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA), 2011

Momordica charantia is one edible plant that belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. It is commonly know... more Momordica charantia is one edible plant that belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. It is commonly known as bitter gourd, bitter melon, karela depending on location. In this study, the pressurized boiling system was set up and optimum operating conditions was studied. Comparative analysis with the conventional methods was also studied. The methods included Soxhlet extraction, boiling and using pressurized boiler to extract the plant. It was found that the highest yield was achieved when using pressurized boiler to extract momordica charantia. Therefore, it is one of effective way to extract the fruit in order to improve the extraction yield.

International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, 2015

Agitation speed is an important factor in the industrial application for the mixing efficiency in... more Agitation speed is an important factor in the industrial application for the mixing efficiency in order to increase productivity. In this study, the effect of agitation speed was investigated in a stirred bioreactor for hydrolysis of tapioca slurry into glucose by using encapsulated enzymes within calcium alginate-clay (alg-clay) beads. The hydrolysis process was tested at various agitation speeds from 40 to 200 rpm. The stability of alg-clay beads was examined in term of morphology of beads, enzyme leaching behavior and enzymes activity. The morphology of the alg-clay beads was investigated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). It was found that vigorous speed ruptured the beads structure. The result also showed that by increasing the agitation speed, the leakage of enzymes also increased. Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a strong correlation between the speed of agitation and the beads morphology. The optimum agitation speed which gave the highest amount of enzymes activity was 120 rpm.

2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC), 2013

ABSTRACT Nowadays, Malaysia is facing solid waste management issues as landfills are rapidly fill... more ABSTRACT Nowadays, Malaysia is facing solid waste management issues as landfills are rapidly filled up and resulting of serious environmental and human health impacts. Landfill Gases (LFG) is a mixture of several gases including hazardous gases such as methane and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have environmental and human impacts. The objectives of this research are to map the methane gas and study its effect to human health. Experiment was carried out by sampling the landfill gases using portable gas sampling kit at different locations within and near the landfill site. The results from investigation shows that, methane concentration at gas vents are over the limit. From the result, the lowest concentration is in the administration office with 896.12 mg/m3 while the highest methane concentration is in the gas vents with concentration up to 213418.95 mg/m3. Methane is not classified as carcinogen compound but it might be hazardous to human health when the value of the threshold limit value exceeds the regulation established.

2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC), 2013

ABSTRACT Malaysia nowadays like all developing countries is facing an increase in the generation ... more ABSTRACT Malaysia nowadays like all developing countries is facing an increase in the generation of municipal solid waste and the wastes are disposing at the landfill site. Poorly managed landfill creates emission of harmful gases to the environment and threatens public health. Methane and carbon dioxide are the major landfill gases that have been released to the environment. The main objectives of this study are to identify the compositions landfill gases and check their concentration before obtain human health risk assessment of the landfill. The gas collected at the landfill site was analyzed by using two methods of gas chromatography which are InHouse Method (GC-MSD) and In-House Method-TPH (GSMSD) in order to identify the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) gases. From the study, out of 37 components of landfill gases, 2-methylpentane and benzene have the highest 3 3 concentration with 5337 mg/m and 1191.5 mg/m , respectively. Comparison of exposure concentration with NIOSH standards shows that 1,1-dichloroethene, methylene chloride (DCM), 2-nitropropane, trichloroethane (vinyl chloride), 1,3-dichloropropane, and trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene are carcinogen. The knowledge of these concentrations is necessary to formulate air pollution control strategies and to avoid undesirable health impact due to exposure of VOCs gases at landfill.

Journal of Applied Sciences, 2011

Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 2003

Abstract A series of amorphous silica-alumina and zeolite based first stage hydrocracking catalys... more Abstract A series of amorphous silica-alumina and zeolite based first stage hydrocracking catalyst was prepared. Nickel and molybdenum were impregnated as active metals on 0.8 mm extrudates of silica-alumina supports prepared with an alumina binder. For the better ...

Paripex Indian Journal of Research, Oct 1, 2014

Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2004

Plastics and the Environment, 2004

The agricultural and horticultural industries are emerging as major potential consumers of plasti... more The agricultural and horticultural industries are emerging as major potential consumers of plastics in the form of film, sheet, pipe, and molded products in such areas as agriculture: disease and pest control, water conservation supply and drainage, fertilizer transport, ...

ペトロテック Petrotech, Apr 1, 2004

Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute, May 1, 2002

Science and Technology in Catalysis 1998, Proceedings of the Third Tokyo Conference on Advanced Catalytic Science and Technology, 1999

This paper reports the development of novel hydrocracking catalysts supported on high-surface are... more This paper reports the development of novel hydrocracking catalysts supported on high-surface area saponite clay and pillared with either cobalt or nickel oxide. The catalysts were prepared by aging the Co or Ni nitrate solution, followed by addition of saponite, washing, drying and calcination. The catalysts were evaluated for HDS, HDN and hydrocracking activities in a batch autoclave reactor using vacuum gas oil as feedstock. The results show that the HDS, HDN and cracking activities of the novel catalysts are comparable to that of a conventional NiW/Si02-Al203 catalyst. The Co catalyst gave better HDS activity while the Ni catalyst showed higher HDN and cracking activity. Calcination before metal loading does not seem to effect the overall performance of the Co catalysts. It should be noted these activities are achieved despite the use only one metal as the active ingredient. The results of this study clearly indicate that the saponite clay based catalysts are a potential alternative to the conventional hydrocracking catalysts.

Applied Catalysis A: General, 1999

Catalysts of cobalt oxide loaded on smectic clays having high surface areas were prepared. Smecti... more Catalysts of cobalt oxide loaded on smectic clays having high surface areas were prepared. Smectic clays used were montmorillonite, saponite, porous saponite, hectorite and stevensite. The catalysts were tested for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity with ...

Handbook of MTBE and Other Gasoline Oxygenates, 2004

2012 IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and Engineering (CHUSER), 2012

The presence of heavy metals in the wastewater become a concern due to their toxicity effect to h... more The presence of heavy metals in the wastewater become a concern due to their toxicity effect to human health and environmental hazards. Conventional physical and chemical treatments are restricted because of their technical and economical constraints. One of the possible solutions is introducing biosorption method in heavy metals removal. The present study aim to evaluate the potential of Pleurotus ostreatus (P.ostreatus) fungus in the removal of Fe(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) ions from single and multi metal synthetic solution. Throughout the study, the best operating treatment process were found when the pH of the solution was above 4 with 80.52, 45.20, 12.47 and 2.88% removal for Fe(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II); agitation speed of 150 rpm and temperature of 25°C. It was found that the removal of heavy metals is lower from single than multi metal solution. The biosorption preference order of P.ostreatus is Fe(II) > Cu(II) > Pb(II) > Zn(II). The results obtained validate that biosorption by P.ostreatus is a potential method in replacing conventional heavy metal removal and in the wastewater treatment.

2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA), 2011

Momordica charantia is one edible plant that belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. It is commonly know... more Momordica charantia is one edible plant that belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. It is commonly known as bitter gourd, bitter melon, karela depending on location. In this study, the pressurized boiling system was set up and optimum operating conditions was studied. Comparative analysis with the conventional methods was also studied. The methods included Soxhlet extraction, boiling and using pressurized boiler to extract the plant. It was found that the highest yield was achieved when using pressurized boiler to extract momordica charantia. Therefore, it is one of effective way to extract the fruit in order to improve the extraction yield.

International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, 2015

Agitation speed is an important factor in the industrial application for the mixing efficiency in... more Agitation speed is an important factor in the industrial application for the mixing efficiency in order to increase productivity. In this study, the effect of agitation speed was investigated in a stirred bioreactor for hydrolysis of tapioca slurry into glucose by using encapsulated enzymes within calcium alginate-clay (alg-clay) beads. The hydrolysis process was tested at various agitation speeds from 40 to 200 rpm. The stability of alg-clay beads was examined in term of morphology of beads, enzyme leaching behavior and enzymes activity. The morphology of the alg-clay beads was investigated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). It was found that vigorous speed ruptured the beads structure. The result also showed that by increasing the agitation speed, the leakage of enzymes also increased. Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a strong correlation between the speed of agitation and the beads morphology. The optimum agitation speed which gave the highest amount of enzymes activity was 120 rpm.

2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC), 2013

ABSTRACT Nowadays, Malaysia is facing solid waste management issues as landfills are rapidly fill... more ABSTRACT Nowadays, Malaysia is facing solid waste management issues as landfills are rapidly filled up and resulting of serious environmental and human health impacts. Landfill Gases (LFG) is a mixture of several gases including hazardous gases such as methane and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have environmental and human impacts. The objectives of this research are to map the methane gas and study its effect to human health. Experiment was carried out by sampling the landfill gases using portable gas sampling kit at different locations within and near the landfill site. The results from investigation shows that, methane concentration at gas vents are over the limit. From the result, the lowest concentration is in the administration office with 896.12 mg/m3 while the highest methane concentration is in the gas vents with concentration up to 213418.95 mg/m3. Methane is not classified as carcinogen compound but it might be hazardous to human health when the value of the threshold limit value exceeds the regulation established.

2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC), 2013

ABSTRACT Malaysia nowadays like all developing countries is facing an increase in the generation ... more ABSTRACT Malaysia nowadays like all developing countries is facing an increase in the generation of municipal solid waste and the wastes are disposing at the landfill site. Poorly managed landfill creates emission of harmful gases to the environment and threatens public health. Methane and carbon dioxide are the major landfill gases that have been released to the environment. The main objectives of this study are to identify the compositions landfill gases and check their concentration before obtain human health risk assessment of the landfill. The gas collected at the landfill site was analyzed by using two methods of gas chromatography which are InHouse Method (GC-MSD) and In-House Method-TPH (GSMSD) in order to identify the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) gases. From the study, out of 37 components of landfill gases, 2-methylpentane and benzene have the highest 3 3 concentration with 5337 mg/m and 1191.5 mg/m , respectively. Comparison of exposure concentration with NIOSH standards shows that 1,1-dichloroethene, methylene chloride (DCM), 2-nitropropane, trichloroethane (vinyl chloride), 1,3-dichloropropane, and trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene are carcinogen. The knowledge of these concentrations is necessary to formulate air pollution control strategies and to avoid undesirable health impact due to exposure of VOCs gases at landfill.

Journal of Applied Sciences, 2011

Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 2003

Abstract A series of amorphous silica-alumina and zeolite based first stage hydrocracking catalys... more Abstract A series of amorphous silica-alumina and zeolite based first stage hydrocracking catalyst was prepared. Nickel and molybdenum were impregnated as active metals on 0.8 mm extrudates of silica-alumina supports prepared with an alumina binder. For the better ...

Paripex Indian Journal of Research, Oct 1, 2014