liv mjelde - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by liv mjelde
NJVET, 2024
There are as many stories about the Vocational Education and Culture Network as there are people ... more There are as many stories about the Vocational Education and Culture Network as there are people who have involved themselves in the network activities during the past 30 years; they all are worth telling. The organisers of the 2023 Oslo workshop asked us two to present a kind of memoir of the network because we were both involved at the start of joint activities. We hope this dialogue on our experiences will show some of the shared and distinctive features of the network. It is not chronological but covers a few themes raised by our experiences, illustrated by photos from earlier presentations and documents available to us. They do not try to do justice to all the diverse activities and meanings networkers have experienced during the past 30 years. Since so many have participated and contributed, we focus on activities rather than individuals, but readers will identify some long-term members in the photos. We hope a more detailed discussion continues after our dialogue.
With industrial capitalism vocational education and training of the working class occurred in app... more With industrial capitalism vocational education and training of the working class occurred in apprenticeship in workplaces and as students in technical/vocational schools. Vocational education research shows that many students learn in workshops and fail to learn/drop out of traditional classroom settings. Vocational pedagogy, a learner-centered approach to teaching and learning and Vocational didactics, teaching and learning as they pertain to working life are new concepts in the field of education describing how youngsters in vocational school workshops learn through activities and in cooperation with a mentor and each other. I discuss this problematic in light of Cultural-Historical Activity Theory.
The conceptions of Vocational pedagogy and Vocational didactics are new concepts in educational t... more The conceptions of Vocational pedagogy and Vocational didactics are new concepts in educational theory. They have developed in relation to an understanding of teaching/learning processes where workshop learning in schools and learning in working life is at the core. Vocational education contains a variety of different traditions and educational roads, but they are all based on learning through practical activities. Vocational pedagogy is a learner-centred approach to teaching and learning, where the relation between the student and the task is at the core. The central aspect of Vocational Pedagogy is that the work activity itself is the rotation point for learning. In this work I start to explore ways of seeing the unity and variations in curriculum development in vocational didactics brought about by the changes in technology and the development on the manual labour market and in vocational education during the last decades. I also discuss the central problematic of moving from "learning in praxis" to "general knowledge" in a variety of vocational fields in the point of tensions between learning in schools and learning in work life. .
Page 1. Page 2. Page 3. the magical properties of workshop learning Page 4. Studien zur berufs-un... more Page 1. Page 2. Page 3. the magical properties of workshop learning Page 4. Studien zur berufs-und Weiterbildung studies in vocational and continuing education band / vol. 2 herausgegeben von / edited by philipp gonon & ...
One feature of women in the industrial sector of the labour market is that they populate particul... more One feature of women in the industrial sector of the labour market is that they populate particular industries at particular levels on lower pay and worse working conditions than men. This chapter is about a research project entitled ‘Women and apprenticeship: the case of printing’. Seventy-two apprentices with shop stewards and employer representatives were interviewed in 20 different workplaces by semi-structured questionnaire. Historical documents produced by trade unions were also accessed. It was found that workers with higher levels of education and social competence - younger women - were taking over the highly paid skilled jobs in the printing industry. This conclusion contradicted previous studies where it was argued that women were being marginalised by technology and the restructuring of the workforce.
Boletim Técnico do Senac, Dec 19, 2010
Objectives: To isolate the independent influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content i... more Objectives: To isolate the independent influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content in the movies on youth smoking uptake. Methods: We used discrete time survival analysis to quantify the influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content in the movies on transitioning from (1) closed to open to smoking; (2) never to ever trying smoking; and (3) never to ever hitting, slapping, or shoving someone on two or more occasions in the past 30 days. The latter is a comparative outcome, hypothesized to have no correlation with exposure to smoking in the movies.
Boletim Técnico do Senac, Dec 20, 2015
We analyze the preference aggregation problem without the assumption that individuals and society... more We analyze the preference aggregation problem without the assumption that individuals and society have fully determined and observable preferences. More precisely, we endow individuals and society with sets of possible von Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions over lotteries. We generalize the classical Pareto and Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives axioms and show they imply a generalization of the classical neutrality assumption. We then characterize the class of neutral social welfare functions. This class is considerably broader for indeterminate than for determinate utilities, where it basically reduces to utilitarianism. We finally characterize several classes of neutral social welfare functions for indeterminate utilities, including the utilitarian and "multi-utilitarian" classes.
Interchange, Dec 1, 1990
The relationship between life in the classroom and life in the working world in industrial capita... more The relationship between life in the classroom and life in the working world in industrial capitalist society has been a recurring topic in educational theory. Adam Smith developed an analysis of the contradictions between the division of labour and the goals of educational development in the early market society. He did not see the necessity of public education for teaching
Bloomsbury Academic eBooks, 2022
The concept of polytechnical education has influenced educational thought for more than a hundred... more The concept of polytechnical education has influenced educational thought for more than a hundred years, and the relationship between school and work has been a recurring topic of debate in educational theory. The basic contradiction between mental and manual labor, as it has developed under capitalism, has been of major concern for societies all over the world. In the Soviet Union and other Eastern European countries, the polytechnic concept has been taken as a guiding principle for the development of the educational system. The school system in the GDR (East Germany) has built a direct link between school and work through the polytechnical principle. All schools have a relationship to a factory or a farm collective, and all students take part in production. The principle of “learning by participation” has been used to try to solve the contradictions in the school system in 20th century capitalist society. John Dewey laid the groundwork for a reform movement in the U.S.A. on this basis, as did Georg Kerschensteiner in Germany and Celestin Freinet with his print shops in France in the 1920s.
This chapter contributes to an examination of governance and marketisation strategies in continui... more This chapter contributes to an examination of governance and marketisation strategies in continuing and vocational education from international, national and sectoral perspectives. The authors investigate the changes and contradictions in governance and privatisation of vocational education and training in Norway in light of the reforms of the 1990s, as reflected in the building trades and in the hairdressing industry. The reforms allowed market forces and 'market players' to take on the functions of governance and control in vocational education, responsibilities that were formerly undertaken by the government. These reforms are examined against the background of the development of educational programs in the European Union (EU), as Norway has close economic ties with the EU.
International Journal of Training Research, Apr 1, 2012
This thesis is about how the curriculum and professional education of students should be oganized... more This thesis is about how the curriculum and professional education of students should be oganized in order for them to gain the knowledge and experience that the industry and community require.
En-tête du titre: Council for cultural co-operation : european educational research workshop on &... more En-tête du titre: Council for cultural co-operation : european educational research workshop on "research into secondary school curricula"Bibliogr.: p. 17-1
Incl. bibliographical references, notes on the contributors
Critical Pedagogy and the Covid-19 Pandemic
NJVET, 2024
There are as many stories about the Vocational Education and Culture Network as there are people ... more There are as many stories about the Vocational Education and Culture Network as there are people who have involved themselves in the network activities during the past 30 years; they all are worth telling. The organisers of the 2023 Oslo workshop asked us two to present a kind of memoir of the network because we were both involved at the start of joint activities. We hope this dialogue on our experiences will show some of the shared and distinctive features of the network. It is not chronological but covers a few themes raised by our experiences, illustrated by photos from earlier presentations and documents available to us. They do not try to do justice to all the diverse activities and meanings networkers have experienced during the past 30 years. Since so many have participated and contributed, we focus on activities rather than individuals, but readers will identify some long-term members in the photos. We hope a more detailed discussion continues after our dialogue.
With industrial capitalism vocational education and training of the working class occurred in app... more With industrial capitalism vocational education and training of the working class occurred in apprenticeship in workplaces and as students in technical/vocational schools. Vocational education research shows that many students learn in workshops and fail to learn/drop out of traditional classroom settings. Vocational pedagogy, a learner-centered approach to teaching and learning and Vocational didactics, teaching and learning as they pertain to working life are new concepts in the field of education describing how youngsters in vocational school workshops learn through activities and in cooperation with a mentor and each other. I discuss this problematic in light of Cultural-Historical Activity Theory.
The conceptions of Vocational pedagogy and Vocational didactics are new concepts in educational t... more The conceptions of Vocational pedagogy and Vocational didactics are new concepts in educational theory. They have developed in relation to an understanding of teaching/learning processes where workshop learning in schools and learning in working life is at the core. Vocational education contains a variety of different traditions and educational roads, but they are all based on learning through practical activities. Vocational pedagogy is a learner-centred approach to teaching and learning, where the relation between the student and the task is at the core. The central aspect of Vocational Pedagogy is that the work activity itself is the rotation point for learning. In this work I start to explore ways of seeing the unity and variations in curriculum development in vocational didactics brought about by the changes in technology and the development on the manual labour market and in vocational education during the last decades. I also discuss the central problematic of moving from "learning in praxis" to "general knowledge" in a variety of vocational fields in the point of tensions between learning in schools and learning in work life. .
Page 1. Page 2. Page 3. the magical properties of workshop learning Page 4. Studien zur berufs-un... more Page 1. Page 2. Page 3. the magical properties of workshop learning Page 4. Studien zur berufs-und Weiterbildung studies in vocational and continuing education band / vol. 2 herausgegeben von / edited by philipp gonon & ...
One feature of women in the industrial sector of the labour market is that they populate particul... more One feature of women in the industrial sector of the labour market is that they populate particular industries at particular levels on lower pay and worse working conditions than men. This chapter is about a research project entitled ‘Women and apprenticeship: the case of printing’. Seventy-two apprentices with shop stewards and employer representatives were interviewed in 20 different workplaces by semi-structured questionnaire. Historical documents produced by trade unions were also accessed. It was found that workers with higher levels of education and social competence - younger women - were taking over the highly paid skilled jobs in the printing industry. This conclusion contradicted previous studies where it was argued that women were being marginalised by technology and the restructuring of the workforce.
Boletim Técnico do Senac, Dec 19, 2010
Objectives: To isolate the independent influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content i... more Objectives: To isolate the independent influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content in the movies on youth smoking uptake. Methods: We used discrete time survival analysis to quantify the influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content in the movies on transitioning from (1) closed to open to smoking; (2) never to ever trying smoking; and (3) never to ever hitting, slapping, or shoving someone on two or more occasions in the past 30 days. The latter is a comparative outcome, hypothesized to have no correlation with exposure to smoking in the movies.
Boletim Técnico do Senac, Dec 20, 2015
We analyze the preference aggregation problem without the assumption that individuals and society... more We analyze the preference aggregation problem without the assumption that individuals and society have fully determined and observable preferences. More precisely, we endow individuals and society with sets of possible von Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions over lotteries. We generalize the classical Pareto and Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives axioms and show they imply a generalization of the classical neutrality assumption. We then characterize the class of neutral social welfare functions. This class is considerably broader for indeterminate than for determinate utilities, where it basically reduces to utilitarianism. We finally characterize several classes of neutral social welfare functions for indeterminate utilities, including the utilitarian and "multi-utilitarian" classes.
Interchange, Dec 1, 1990
The relationship between life in the classroom and life in the working world in industrial capita... more The relationship between life in the classroom and life in the working world in industrial capitalist society has been a recurring topic in educational theory. Adam Smith developed an analysis of the contradictions between the division of labour and the goals of educational development in the early market society. He did not see the necessity of public education for teaching
Bloomsbury Academic eBooks, 2022
The concept of polytechnical education has influenced educational thought for more than a hundred... more The concept of polytechnical education has influenced educational thought for more than a hundred years, and the relationship between school and work has been a recurring topic of debate in educational theory. The basic contradiction between mental and manual labor, as it has developed under capitalism, has been of major concern for societies all over the world. In the Soviet Union and other Eastern European countries, the polytechnic concept has been taken as a guiding principle for the development of the educational system. The school system in the GDR (East Germany) has built a direct link between school and work through the polytechnical principle. All schools have a relationship to a factory or a farm collective, and all students take part in production. The principle of “learning by participation” has been used to try to solve the contradictions in the school system in 20th century capitalist society. John Dewey laid the groundwork for a reform movement in the U.S.A. on this basis, as did Georg Kerschensteiner in Germany and Celestin Freinet with his print shops in France in the 1920s.
This chapter contributes to an examination of governance and marketisation strategies in continui... more This chapter contributes to an examination of governance and marketisation strategies in continuing and vocational education from international, national and sectoral perspectives. The authors investigate the changes and contradictions in governance and privatisation of vocational education and training in Norway in light of the reforms of the 1990s, as reflected in the building trades and in the hairdressing industry. The reforms allowed market forces and 'market players' to take on the functions of governance and control in vocational education, responsibilities that were formerly undertaken by the government. These reforms are examined against the background of the development of educational programs in the European Union (EU), as Norway has close economic ties with the EU.
International Journal of Training Research, Apr 1, 2012
This thesis is about how the curriculum and professional education of students should be oganized... more This thesis is about how the curriculum and professional education of students should be oganized in order for them to gain the knowledge and experience that the industry and community require.
En-tête du titre: Council for cultural co-operation : european educational research workshop on &... more En-tête du titre: Council for cultural co-operation : european educational research workshop on "research into secondary school curricula"Bibliogr.: p. 17-1
Incl. bibliographical references, notes on the contributors
Critical Pedagogy and the Covid-19 Pandemic
This book considers the re-emergence of the concept and practice of'apprenticeship' in education ... more This book considers the re-emergence of the concept and practice of'apprenticeship' in education and training by addressinga number of themes. Itstarts by positioning the issue of apprenticeship into a more general context oftheoretical discussion on vocational education. It then explores the historicaland cultural specificity of apprenticeship in various European countries, givingdue importance tothe contemporary political and practicalissues andchallenges that mark the vocational education field. The book concludes bydiscussing methodological problems in the attempt to develop comparativeresearch on apprenticeship as a form of vocational education in Europe.
Incl. bibliographical references, notes on the contributors