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Papers by louploup fox

The Encyclopedia of Social Issues defines school violence as including &amp;amp;amp;amp;a... more The Encyclopedia of Social Issues defines school violence as including &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;any intentional actions taken while on school property to physically harm or threaten people&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; (School Violence 1999). A major problem facing society today is the overwhelming increase in school violence that has taken place over the last several years. Violent acts such as school shootings have emerged all over the

tell.schoolwires.net

I feel that teaching and using technology is one of the most important things that our students s... more I feel that teaching and using technology is one of the most important things that our students should learn. More and more people see the internet as something to entertain, when in fact it is a very valuable tool. Not only can it be used to search out information on just about ...

Journal of the …, 1999

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Volume 99, Issue 12, Pages 1579-1581, December 1999... more Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Volume 99, Issue 12, Pages 1579-1581, December 1999, Authors:BRENDA A. SMITH, MS, RD; SARAH L. MORGAN, MD, MS, RD, FADA; WILLIAM H. VAUGHN; LIESL FOX, PhD; GAYL J. CANFIELD, PhD, RD; ALFRED A. BARTOLUCCI ...

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2008

Focus on Autism and …, 2001

Recent developments in the field of autism and related disabilities have included two prominent t... more Recent developments in the field of autism and related disabilities have included two prominent themes: (a) the emergence of functional assessment (FA) as a requisite step in behavioral support and (b) a growing acknowledgment that families represent the most essential resource for ...

Pediatrics, 2007

We describe the use of pamidronate to control marked hypercalcemia in an extremely premature infa... more We describe the use of pamidronate to control marked hypercalcemia in an extremely premature infant with neonatal hyperparathyroidism that resulted from an inactivating mutation (R220W) of the calcium-sensing receptor. Despite improvement in bone mineralization and subsequent parathyroidectomy with normalization of the serum calcium level, the combination of chronic lung disease, osteomalacia, and poor thoracic cage growth ultimately proved fatal. Pamidronate therapy seems to be safe in the short-term and effective in helping control hypercalcemia even in the very premature infant, allowing for planned surgical intervention when it becomes feasible.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1983

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006

Analytical Sciences, 2005

In situ analysis is a powerful analytical modality with the advantage of providing data immediate... more In situ analysis is a powerful analytical modality with the advantage of providing data immediately, allowing a fast general screening of the soil composition. If an anomaly is detected, more detailed studies can be performed with a better precision at the laboratory. The present work describes a methodology for sampling soils, especially for large areas, taking into account Quality Assurance and Quality Control protocols, in order to ensure representative samples. The proposed methodology covers a general approach to planning field investigations that could be useful for any type of environmental studies. The final objective was to design a sampling strategy that will eventually allow the use of portable EDXRF instruments for "in situ" use in soil analysis. This methodology will be applied for a soil characterisation study in the zone of Campana, Argentina, by evaluating data coming from an EDXRF spectrometer with a radioisotope excitation source. Campana is a city located along the Paraná River at about 90 km northwest of the Buenos Aires City, the Capital of Argentina. This region holds a considerable industrial activity that includes two oil refineries, a steelwork, petrochemical plants and paper industries. These heavy industries are located very close to urban and residential areas. In addition, emissions originated from the river harbour, the ship traffic and the frequent wood fires as well as agriculture and waste burning must be considered. Experimental Assessment of the area For this investigation, Campana zone was divided in three well-differentiated regions: 1, industrial; 2, urban and 3, Reserva Otamendi. This third region was selected in order to identify a soil blank site. Reserva Otamendi is an ecological reservation, having the same soil origin of the Campana area but sufficiently far from the urban and industrial influences. Proposed methodology The Data Quality Objectives in this project are listed as items in this paper and include the control of the program of sampling, instrumentation and staff competence. These procedures assist in the introduction of principles of Good Laboratories Practice. Grid sampling approach. Figure 1 shows a map of the sampling site. According to the geographical distribution of the urban area, a systematic grid, rectangular type, appeared as the most suitable, among other possibilities (square or triangular); in the industrial area the sampling was random taking into account limitations on the access conditions. The samples were taken at the center of the space defined by the grid. 1-3 The samples were obtained at two different depths: A) the top soil (0-15 cm depth) and B) at 50-60 cm, covering an area of approximately 80 km 2. This decision was made in order to 751

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) can play a role... more Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) can play a role in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs, impacting on the potential for drug-drug interactions. This study has characterized insect cell- and mammalian cell-derived ABC-transporter-expressing membrane vesicle test systems and validated methodologies for evaluation of candidate drugs as substrates or inhibitors of BCRP or MRP2. Concentration-dependent uptake of BCRP ([³H]oestrone 3-sulfate, [³H]methotrexate, [³H]rosuvastatin) and MRP2 ([³H]oestradiol 17β-glucuronide, [³H]pravastatin, carboxydichlorofluorescein) substrates, and inhibitory potencies (IC₅₀) of BCRP (sulfasalazine, novobiocin, fumitremorgin C) and MRP2 (benzbromarone, MK-571, terfenadine) inhibitors were determined. The apparent K(m) for probes [³H]oestrone 3-sulfate and [³H]oestradiol 17β-glucuronide was determined in insect cell vesicles to be 7.4 ± 1.7 and 105 ± 8.3 µM, respectively. All other substrates exhibited significant uptake ratios. Positive control inhibitors sulfasalazine and benzbromarone gave IC₅₀ values of 0.74 ± 0.18 and 36 ± 6.1 µM, respectively. All other inhibitors exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition. There was no significant difference in parameters generated between test systems. On the basis of the validation results, acceptance criteria to identify substrates/inhibitors of BCRP and MRP2 were determined for insect cell vesicles. The approach builds on earlier validations to support drug registration and extends from those cell-based systems to encompass assay formats using membrane vesicles.

Methotrexate is the most commonly used drug to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Since clinical efficac... more Methotrexate is the most commonly used drug to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Since clinical efficacy studies in rheumatoid arthritis are conducted on a background of methotrexate therapy, it is necessary to assess the potential of rheumatoid arthritis candidate drugs to perpetrate a drug-drug interaction (DDI) with methotrexate during development. Consequently, we need to identify the regulatory in vitro studies required to facilitate this assessment. We therefore reviewed the literature to ascertain the methotrexate disposition pathways implicated with known DDIs. Experiments were conducted to confirm that methotrexate was identified as a substrate for these pathways in our laboratory. The literature indicated active renal elimination (mediated by the human transporters OAT1, OAT3, MRP2 and BCRP) to be the principal pathway for methotrexate DDI risk. With the exception of MRP2, methotrexate was confirmed as a substrate of these transporters using oocyte and membrane vesicle test systems. A rheumatoid arthritis candidate drug (AZD9056) and sulfasalazine were subsequently assessed as inhibitors of OAT1, OAT3 and BCRP to determine their DDI potential towards methotrexate. AZD9056 was neither an inhibitor of OAT1 nor OAT3 and did not inhibit their transport of methotrexate. AZD9056 was an inhibitor of BCRP and weakly inhibited BCRP-mediated transport of methotrexate (IC 50 = 92 lM). Sulfasalazine inhibited methotrexate transport mediated by all transporters studied (IC 50 < 5 lM). Subsequent assessment of the in vitro data using [I]/IC 50 ratios indicated that both AZD9056 and sulfasalazine were unlikely to cause a DDI with methotrexate in vivo. In conclusion, to support rheumatoid arthritis drug development it is proposed that regulatory in vitro studies for OAT1, OAT3 and BCRP inhibition be routinely conducted to assess the potential for a transporter-mediated DDI with methotrexate in vivo.

Journal of Positive Behavior …, 2002

The critical importance of intervening early to promote the social and emotional development of y... more The critical importance of intervening early to promote the social and emotional development of young children is a recurring theme in several reports commissioned by national organizations and leaders (i.e., Child Mental Health Foundations and Agencies Network; National Research Council of the Institute of Medicine; U.S. Surgeon General). There is an increasing awareness that social—emotional difficulties and problem behaviors in young children are highly likely to continue in school. In addition, young children who show the most chronicity and stability of problem behavior are more likely to be members of families who experience marital distress, parental depression, and poverty. Young children in urban environments who have problem behavior are likely to also face challenges in health, poverty, and access to quality childcare and other services. In this article, the complexity of the urban context is described with a focus on the lives of young children and their families. The authors present a discussion of appropriate practices and research that provides a foundation for the development of effective early intervention programs for young children affected by environmental and developmental challenges. The emphasis of program recommendations is on comprehensiveness in the design of family-centered behavioral support options.

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encoura... more The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

Journal of Infectious …, 2000

The effects of 1 year of zidovudine, lamivudine, and ritonavir treatment on immune re-constitutio... more The effects of 1 year of zidovudine, lamivudine, and ritonavir treatment on immune re-constitution were evaluated in 34 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. After 48 weeks of therapy, 20 (59%) subjects had <100 copies HIV RNA/mL. CD4 + T cells increased ...

... Book. Title, Chebyshev polynomials in numerical analysis. Author(s), Fox, Leslie ; Parker,IB.... more ... Book. Title, Chebyshev polynomials in numerical analysis. Author(s), Fox, Leslie ; Parker,IB. Imprint, Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 1968. - 214 p. Series, (Oxford mathematical handbooks). Subject code, 517.512.6 ; 519.214.1 ; 517.9. ...

... Aysel and Ceylan (2003) reported that most of the staphylococcal species which are resistant ... more ... Aysel and Ceylan (2003) reported that most of the staphylococcal species which are resistant to different antibacterial agents harbored plasmids (2.22420.65 Kb). They showed the correlation between the presence of the plasmid and the antibacterial agent resistance. ...

Journal of molecular and …, 1987

Intracellular microelectrode and electron microscopic techniques were used to investigate and cor... more Intracellular microelectrode and electron microscopic techniques were used to investigate and correlate the electrophysiology of subsidiary pacemaker activity with the presence of cells having ultrastructural characteristics of pacemaker cells ie P cells, in Eustachian ...

PloS one, 2009

CD1 molecules are glycoproteins that present lipid antigens at the cell surface for immunological... more CD1 molecules are glycoproteins that present lipid antigens at the cell surface for immunological recognition by specialized populations of T lymphocytes. Prior experimental data suggest a wide variety of lipid species can bind to CD1 molecules, but little is known about the characteristics of cellular ligands that are selected for presentation. Here we have molecularly characterized lipids bound to the human CD1d isoform. Ligands were eluted from secreted CD1d molecules and separated by normal phase HPLC, then characterized by mass spectroscopy. A total of 177 lipid species were molecularly identified, comprising glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. The glycerophospholipids included common diacylglycerol species, reduced forms known as plasmalogens, lyso-phospholipids (monoacyl species), and cardiolipins (tetraacyl species). The sphingolipids included sphingomyelins and glycosylated forms, such as the ganglioside GM3. These results demonstrate that human CD1d molecules bind a surprising diversity of lipid structures within the secretory pathway, including compounds that have been reported to play roles in cancer, autoimmune diseases, lipid signaling, and cell death.

Anesthesia & …, 1998

Opioids play a fundamental role in the management of postoperative pain, but their use is associa... more Opioids play a fundamental role in the management of postoperative pain, but their use is associated with a number of side effects, including nausea and vomiting, sedation, and respiratory depression. COadministration of a nonopioid has been proposed as a method of reducing opioid intake and minimizing side effects. Sixty-one ASA physical status I and 11 patients were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study to investigate the effect of a combination of acetaminophen and morphine after open reduction and internal fixation of acute limb fractures. Patients were randomized to receive either oral acetaminophen (1 g every 4 h) or placebo as an adjuvant to morphine by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) postoperatively. They were assessed daily for 72 h or until the PCA was discontinued according to standardized guidelines. The outcome variables collected were pain scores (11-point scale), amount of morphine self-administered, duration of PCA use, compliance with study design, incidence of nausea and sedation, and overall patient satisfaction. The acetaminophen group had lower pain scores on Day 1 (2.1 vs 3.3; P = 0.03) and a shorter average duration of PCA use (35.8 vs 45.5 h; P = 0.03). Overall patient satisfaction was also significantly greater in the acetaminophen group (8.7 vs 7.9; P = 0.04). These data suggest that acetaminophen is a useful adjunct to morphine PCA. Implications: This study assesses the benefit of combining two analgesics for the treatment of postoperative pain. Such a combination improves the quality of pain relief and patient satisfaction. Reprinted with permission from International Anesthesia Research Society. Editorial Comment: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are often used to potentiate the effect of narcotics. The authors compared nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen as an adjunct to morphine for postoperative pain control. Interestingly, acetaminophen was more effective in this trial. There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 treatments but the number of patients studied was small. Undoubtedly, there will be continued evaluation of the best drug combination for pain control after surgery, especially considering the emergence of new analgesics. Joseph A. Smith, Jr., M.D.