manan patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by manan patel

2019 11th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI)

The Linux operating system is often used alongside Windows in computer labs in universities for r... more The Linux operating system is often used alongside Windows in computer labs in universities for research, laboratories and general purpose use. It is therefore important to investigate the characteristics of some of the possibilities available for students to run Windows and Linux applications, if possible at the same time, on the same computer. This paper compares the use of Windows Subsystem Linux, Docker, Cygwin and Oracle VM VirtualBox as solutions for running Linux guest applications in a Windows 10 host environment. The tests use simple C code that targets process creation, application performance and inter-process communication performance. The conclusions show the advantages and disadvantages of using each solution for running Linux applications in a Windows host.

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for efficient SA... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for efficient SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) preventative vaccines to limit the burden and spread of SARS-CoV-2 in humans. Intranasal immunization is a promising technique for preventing COVID-19 because the nasal mucosa acts as a first line of defense against SARS-CoV-2 entrance before the virus spreads to the lungs. Nasal vaccination has many advantages over traditional vaccine administration methods. These include the simplicity of administration without the use of needles, which decreases the risks of needle stick injuries and disposal. This channel also provides simple access to a crucial portion of the immune system that can stimulate other mucosal sites throughout the body. By targeting immunoglobulin A (IgA), antibodies found only in the mucosa, an intranasal vaccination would elicit immunological responses in the nose, throat, and lungs. Potential pathogens are trapped by the mucosa, which act...

Materials Today: Proceedings

Nanomedicine, 2022

The major obstacles observed in current chemotherapy are severe adverse effects, narrow therapeut... more The major obstacles observed in current chemotherapy are severe adverse effects, narrow therapeutic indexes and multidrug resistance. Anticancer phytochemicals are extracted and purified from natural plants, providing alternative therapeutic approaches with recognized biomedical benefits. However, poor bioavailability, high dose requirements and non-specific targeting have made those molecules less effective. To tackle those issues, liposomal nanovesicles for phytochemical delivery are taken into consideration for improving the therapeutic effectiveness by increasing transportation across cell barriers and conferring attractive cancer-specific targeting capabilities. In the present review, the liposomal approaches of anticancer phytochemicals are discussed, and recent advances in these formulations applied to cancer phytotherapy are further reviewed by an informed approach.

Orthopedics, 2022

Limited clinical evidence is available to help to predict poor outcomes after reverse shoulder ar... more Limited clinical evidence is available to help to predict poor outcomes after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) among patients with massive rotator cuff tears without glenohumeral arthritis. A retrospective case-control study was performed for patients who underwent RSA for massive rotator cuff tear without glenohumeral arthritis (Hamada score ≤3) and had a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. Preoperative risk factors for poor outcomes were subsequently analyzed. Sixty patients (mean age, 71.4±7.4 years) met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 18 (30%) patients had poor outcomes (case group). The case group had significantly worse postoperative Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) (61.6±29.5 vs 84.9±14.1, respectively; P=.002), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (58.9±22.5 vs 82.2±14.2, respectively; P<.001), and Simple Shoulder Test (5.4±3.6 vs 8.5±2.4, respectively; P=.002) scores compared with the control group. Patients with poor outcomes had significantly higher preoperative SANE scores compared with control subjects (40.4±28.4 vs 18.8±15.7, respectively; P=.021). The results of this study suggest that patients with better overall preoperative function, as represented by higher SANE scores, have a greater likelihood of poor functional outcomes after RSA for massive rotator cuff tears without glenohumeral arthritis. For these patients, alternative treatment options should be considered. [Orthopedics. 202x;xx(x):xx-xx.].

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2022

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the use of the free fib... more OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the use of the free fibula flap for reconstruction with mandibular disarticulation resections. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective chart cohort review was performed in patients reconstructed with a fibula free flap for a mandibular disarticulation resection at an academic tertiary care institution over a 5-year period. RESULTS Twenty-four patients were included in the study. Fourteen patients were treated for benign pathology, and 10 cases were malignant. Average follow-up was 20 months. Virtual surgical planning/3-dimensional models were used in all cases. Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) with surgical wires was used in 65% (n = 13/20) of the dentate patients. Average maximum interincisal opening was 28.2 mm in patients receiving radiation and 38.7 mm in the nonradiated group (P = .01). No patient developed joint ankylosis. Neocondyle position was an average of 11.7 mm from condylar fossa, radiographically. Seventeen of the dentate patients (85%) had reproducible class I occlusion. Occlusion was superior in patients placed into MMF compared with those with elastics or no MMF (P = .06) and independent of the position of the neocondyle (P = .19). CONCLUSIONS The vascularized fibula flap can be used to provide functional reconstruction of the mandibular condyle defect. The use of at least 2 weeks of MMF maintains an adequate occlusion irrespective of the fibula-glenoid fossa position. The neocondyle does not need to directly abut the articular disc or fossa for adequate functional outcomes.

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2021

Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) is one such novel approach which helps to increase user acceptance ... more Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) is one such novel approach which helps to increase user acceptance by virtue of rapid disintegration, self-administration without water or chewing. ODTs are solid unit dosage forms like the conventional tablets containing super disintegrants, which help them to disintegrate and/or disperse rapidly in the mouth within few seconds. The orodispersible tablet of Paroxetine hydrochloride was prepared by using direct compression method and the tablet were formulated using various concentration of Kyron T-314 as disintegrating agent, PVP K-30 as binder, F melt Type C as diluent, Sodium Saccharin as sweetening agent, talc as lubricant and Aerosil as glidant respectively. All the batches were prepared according to Factorial design. The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters like hardness, dissolution, friability, weight variation, disintegration time. Batch F5 was found to be the best batch as the disintegration time is minimum (26seconds) and be...

In today's era of digitalization, everything is accessible remotely through smaller devices than ... more In today's era of digitalization, everything is accessible remotely through smaller devices than ever. This brings lot of concerns, security being at the top of the list for the organizations providing services to the public. The organization has to provide updated services every single time and at the same point, has to make sure that an intruder cannot get through the core of the organization which is the inside private network or LAN. If an organization provides mail and web services to their customers on daily basis, putting their servers within the local area network opens up the vulnerability to be directly accessible by an outsider from the untrusted network like internet which will then just be the matter of skills and powerful machines to manipulate the whole system. Thus, the organization has to make some changes to their network like creating the Demilitarized Zone or DMZ. DMZ provides an extra layer between the inside and outside network making it difficult to get the access of the trusted network. The concept is, all the public facing servers which provides distinguish services to the customers should be kept outside of LAN and within the DMZ. So, every time when the remote user requests for the service through internet, it will be rerouted directly to the DMZ rather than LAN. The approach presented is to check whether the network with DMZ can sustain the DDoS attack generated using the python script better than the network without DMZ or not. The network is emulated using GNS3 to keep the host system isolated from the attacking vectors. Kali Linux virtual machine is used to resemble the attacker. Results are analyzed using Wireshark.

National journal of community medicine, 2016

Results: Logistics used during Antenatal care like sphygmomanometer, stethoscope, examination tab... more Results: Logistics used during Antenatal care like sphygmomanometer, stethoscope, examination table, measure tape and adult weighing scale were available at more VHND session in rural areas compared to urban session sites. Medications like iron folic acid tablets, paracetamol tablets and calcium tablets were present in more than three forth of the session at both urban as well as rural areas. Availability of Zinc tablets and cotrimoxazole tablets were very poor in urban area in contrary to rural area where they were available at almost all VHND session. Overall, logistics availability was better at rural VHND sessions in comparison to urban sessions.

Pharmaceutics, 2020

Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of visual loss and is respons... more Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of visual loss and is responsible for approximately 9% of global blindness. It is a progressive eye disorder seen in elderly people (>65 years) mainly affecting the macula. Lutein, a carotenoid, is an antioxidant, and has shown neuroprotective properties in the retina. However, lutein has poor bioavailability owing to poor aqueous solubility. Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is challenging due to the blood–retina barrier. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) expresses the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) transport system which selectively uptakes biotin by active transport. In this study, we aimed to enhance lutein uptake into retinal cells using PLGA–PEG–biotin nanoparticles. Lutein loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using O/W solvent-evaporation method. Particle size and zeta potential (ZP) were determined using Malvern Zetasizer. Other characterizations included different...

Seminars in Arthroplasty: JSES, 2021

Abstract Background Degenerative disease of the elbow is a unique dilemma due to the different pa... more Abstract Background Degenerative disease of the elbow is a unique dilemma due to the different pathologies of arthritis. Outcome measures are used by physicians to provide a quantitative measure of patient progression. While there has been a substantial number of case series and studies on treatment of elbow arthritis, the heterogeneity of outcome measures reported in the literature makes it difficult for surgeons to compare results between treatment options. There is no consensus on outcome measure reporting as no measure has been found to be superior to others in the literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the elbow arthritis literature for the most commonly reported outcomes measures after treatment of elbow arthritis and recommend a guideline for reporting in future studies in an attempt to standardize the literature. Methods A query was performed of all studies written in English literature from 2010 to 2020 using PubMed and Scopus databases utilizing PRISMA guidelines. Articles that met inclusion criteria were reviewed for reporting of patient-reported outcome, range of motion, return to work/sport, complication rate, satisfaction rate, revision rate, number of patients, minimum and mean follow-up time, type of treatment, journal, journal impact factor, level of evidence, and number of citations as of April 2020. Results Eighty three studies met inclusion criteria with a mean number of 39 patients per study with a mean age of 53 years. Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) was the most commonly reported outcome measure (81%) followed by quick Disabilities of Arm Shoulder Hand (qDASH; 23%), DASH (16%), and modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (m-ASES; 16%). The average number of outcome measures per study was 1.6. Studies that reported MEPS had higher number of citations compared to studies that did not (14.21 vs. 7.62 citations; P = .031). Studies that reported MEPS were found to publish more in journals with higher impact factors (ie, impact factor of ≥2) (88% vs. 71%; P = .051). Discussion Outcome measures are inconsistently reported in elbow arthritis literature. Studies that report MEPS were found to be cited more. We recommend reporting of at least two outcome measures in future studies as well as range of motion for easier cross-study analysis. Additional measures such as return to work/sport, satisfaction rate, complication rate, and revision rate should be reported to provide more complete understanding of post-treatment outcome. Conclusion Increased standardization of outcome measure reporting may improve future patients’ outcomes following treatment of elbow arthritis. Levels of evidence Level IV

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2020

INTRODUCTION In the setting of pathologic fractures or impending fractures of the femur, intramed... more INTRODUCTION In the setting of pathologic fractures or impending fractures of the femur, intramedullary nailing or hemiarthroplasty are the common surgical procedures indicated. Traditional teaching has stressed the importance of protecting the entire femur, and thus, it is common for these fractures to be treated with long nails or stems. Recent literature has begun to investigate whether this school of thought is valid and may challenge the perceived need for protection of the entire femur. The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence of ipsilateral distal femoral metastases after the treatment of proximal femoral metastases. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed that identified 66 patients who presented with completed or impending pathologic fractures of the proximal femur who then underwent either intramedullary nailing or hemiarthroplasty for surgical stabilization. Plain radiographs, in conjunction with CT, MRI, or positron emission tomography-CT when available, were used to determine whether there was disease progression and/or distal metastasis in the femur. RESULTS There was one patient (1.5%) in this series who developed distal femoral metastasis after hemiarthroplasty from metastatic breast carcinoma. There were three patients (4.54%) with local progression of the disease. No patient required further intervention, and there were no cases of hardware failure or periprosthetic fracture after prophylactic fixation. DISCUSSION Our findings show that there is an extremely low likelihood of developing distal femoral metastases when isolated proximal femoral metastases are present and thus protecting the entire femur may not be necessary in this clinical scenario. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, therapeutic study.

JSES International, 2020

Introduction: Critical shoulder angle (CSA) has been shown to influence rates of rotator cuff tea... more Introduction: Critical shoulder angle (CSA) has been shown to influence rates of rotator cuff tears and glenohumeral arthritis with a larger CSA associated with rotator cuff tears and a smaller CSA associated with glenohumeral arthritis. There has been no study to determine whether such radiographic measurement influences the function of patients with demonstrated cuff tear arthropathy (CTA). The purpose of this study was to examine whether smaller CSAs were associated with greater range of motion (ROM) in patients diagnosed with CTA. Materials and methods: Ninety-three patients with a diagnosis of CTA with adequate anteroposterior shoulder radiographs were included in the study. Patient demographics were recorded. The presence of a rotator cuff tear was confirmed via advanced imaging or when applicable via the operative report. Patients' ROM was evaluated through the physician's office note. Shoulder radiographs were used to measure CSA, glenoid inclination, acromial index (AI), and acromiohumeral interval. Patient ROM was measured and grouped into 2 different tiered cohorts: cohort 1 had 4 subgroups of forward elevation (FE) (ie, 45 , 45-90 , 91-135 , and 136-180) and cohort 2 had 2 subgroups of FE (ie, 90 and >90). We then analyzed FE between these groups in the context of their radiographic measurements. Results: The average patient age was 73.8 ± 8.0 years. There was no significant difference in acromiohumeral interval. AI was found to be significantly different between patients presenting with 90 in FE compared with those >90 (P ¼ .02). Average CSA was significantly lower in patients with FE greater than 90 at 33.7 ± 3.9 compared with patients with FE less than 90 at 37.1 ± 6.3 (P ¼ .002). There was also a significant difference with regard to CSAs, with those patients with FE 45 having a mean CSA of 38.2 ± 8.3 compared with those patients with FE ! 135 having a mean CSA of 33.3 ± 4.3 (P ¼ .02). Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with CTA can significantly vary in their shoulder function and ability to forward elevate. Lower CSA was found to be associated with higher FE in patients with CTA preoperatively. In addition, patients with a smaller AI were also found to have better overhead function. Analyzing CSA on plain radiographs may help manage functional expectations in patients with CTA.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 2020

BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) events are infrequent but potentially catastrophic compli... more BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) events are infrequent but potentially catastrophic complications following orthopedic surgery. There is currently a paucity of evidence regarding the role of chemoprophylaxis with low-dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) after shoulder arthroplasty. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of prospectively collected complications occurring within 90 days of 2394 primary shoulder arthroplasties performed over a 3-year period at a single institution. Patients preoperatively underwent risk stratification into medically high risk, moderate risk, or low risk as part of a standardized navigated-care pathway. For chemoprophylaxis, 81 mg of ASA (low dose) was routinely used once daily for 6 weeks unless alternative medications were deemed necessary by the medical team. Baseline demographic information, medical comorbidities, and postoperative VTE prophylaxis, as well as rates of clinically symptomatic VTE, were assessed. RESULTS Symptomatic VTE occurred after 0.63% of primary shoulder arthroplasties (15 of 2394). There were 9 patients with deep vein thromboses and 6 with pulmonary embolisms. Eighty-one milligrams of ASA was used in 2141 patients (89.4%), resulting in an overall VTE rate of 0.56%. Medically high-risk patients were significantly more likely to have a VTE (P = .018). Patients with a history of deep vein thrombosis, asthma, and cardiac arrhythmia were significantly more likely to have a VTE (P < .05). Complications occurred in 4 patients (0.19%) associated with low-dose ASA and 1 patient (0.63%) associated with a novel oral anticoagulant medication. CONCLUSION Routine use of low-dose ASA results in a very low risk of VTE and medication-associated complications following primary shoulder arthroplasty. Preoperative medical risk stratification can potentially identify patients at high risk of postoperative VTE.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2016

Nanoemulsions (NE) are advantageous nanosized delivery agents for ophthalmic medications because ... more Nanoemulsions (NE) are advantageous nanosized delivery agents for ophthalmic medications because of their ability to penetrate into the ocular structure, as well as their sustained effects. We prepared a NE system composed of isopropyl myristate, triacetin, Tween 80, and ethyl alcohol to increase the solubility and permeability of lutein, an effective medication in macular degeneration. The pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed to identify the self-emulsifying region. Eight formulations were selected to characterize each formulation. We examined physical characteristics including particle size, drug solubility, formulation stability, and turbidity. We selected the optimized formulations NE 5 (NE-5) and NE-8, both of which are transparent. The particle size of NE was ca. 10e12 nm with a narrow size distribution. Neither separation nor change in the particle size was observed for 7 days. The lutein loading NEs demonstrated a significant increase in lutein release and sustained release. In contrast, lutein prepared with oil and starch had limited drug release profiles under 5%. The prepared lutein NE formulation is a potential alternative for lutein delivery systems.

Cancer Research, 2016

CAPE is the major active component of propolis, a widely available, safe, honeybee natural produc... more CAPE is the major active component of propolis, a widely available, safe, honeybee natural product with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. We have previously shown diverse effects of CAPE in breast cancer. We postulated that CAPE may be useful in chemoprevention for women at high risk for triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) and evaluated this in a radiation chimera mouse model in which the tumor spectrum is shifted to TNBC. The radiation chimera model consists of surgically clearing the mammary epithelium from the inguinal glands of 3-week old BALB/c mice, the mice were irradiated with 1 Gy or sham irradiated at 10-12 weeks of age, and bilaterally transplanted 3 days later with syngeneic Trp53 null mammary fragments. Mice were placed on a CAPE diet or a control diet at 1 month post transplantation that was maintained for the course of the experiment. Mammary tumor development was monitored by palpation for up to 18 months. The first tumor was resected at 1cm...

Drug development and industrial pharmacy, Jan 14, 2016

The purpose for the current research is to compare and evaluate physiochemical properties of spra... more The purpose for the current research is to compare and evaluate physiochemical properties of spray dried microcrystals(MC), nanocrystals(NC) and nanocrystals with a dispersion agent (NCm) from a poorly soluble compound. The characterization was carried out by performing size and surface analysis, interfacial tension(at particle moisture interface), and in-vitro drug dissolution rate experiments. Nanosuspensions were prepared by media milling and were spray dried. The spray dried(SD) powders that were obtained were characterized morphologically using SEM(Scanning electron microscopy),PLM(Polarized light microscopy) and Flowchem. Solid state characterization was performed using XRPD(X-ray powder diffraction), FT-IR(Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy) and DSC(Differential scanning calorimetry) for the identification of the crystalline nature of all the spray-dried powders. The powders were characterized for their re-dispersion tendency in the water and in pH 1.2. Significant differ...

Cancer Research, 2015

Propolis, and its active component, CAPE, is a widely available, safe, honeybee natural product w... more Propolis, and its active component, CAPE, is a widely available, safe, honeybee natural product with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. We have previously shown that CAPE, inhibits 1) growth of ER+/PR+, ER-/PR- and Her2 + breast cancer cells, 2) the tumorigenic potential of breast cancer stem cells, and 3) mediates its effects through epigenetic modifications via HDAC inhibition, resulting among others, in increased ER in ER- cells. We postulated that CAPE may be useful in chemoprevention for women at high risk for triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). The cell-of-origin hypothesis states that these cancers arise from transformation of mammary stem cells (SC). We tested the ability of CAPE to inhibit SC self-renewal in murine mammary epithelial cells (MEC) and a human breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A). MEC isolated from BALB/c mice were cultured as mammospheres (MMS) for 7 days in ULA 96 well plates using media containing 5% FBS and 5% Matrigel. MMS were d...