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Papers by manpreet walia

GMC PATIALA Journal of research and medical education, Dec 16, 2021

Excessive gingival display and gingival hyperpigmentation are major concerns for a large number o... more Excessive gingival display and gingival hyperpigmentation are major concerns for a large number of patients visiting the dentist. Melanin hyperpigmentation usually does not present a medical problem, but patients usually complain of dark gums as unaesthetic. This problem is aggravated in patients with a "gummy smile" or excessive gingival display while smiling. Esthetic periodontal plastic surgery is especially rewarding in such individuals with compromised esthetics. This case report represents correction of gingival hyperpigmentation by laser ablation using diode laser with satisfactory and pleasant results.

Journal of Oral Implantology, Dec 1, 2012

Research Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing, 2021

Numerous organizations are using aspects of the cloud to store data, but as sensitive data is pla... more Numerous organizations are using aspects of the cloud to store data, but as sensitive data is placed on the cloud, privacy and security become difficult to maintain. When users upload data to the cloud, they may become increasingly vulnerable to account hijacking, unauthorized access, and the data may become unavailable because of various technical reasons. Questions remain about the security of sensitive data in the cloud, and in this chapter, the authors perform an analysis of 36 peer reviewed publications describing 30 observations of cloud computing technology (2010-2017). In the articles, applications of cloud computing include, for instance, business (26%) and the internet of things (IoT; 2%), and the result suggests that some issues are unique to a particular domain (such as business, education, health) and some issues cross all domains. The results suggest that data integrity issues have the highest number of solutions whereas data breaches have the lowest number of solutions.

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, 2010

Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, 2012

Melanin pigmentation often occurs in the gingiva as a result of an abnormal deposition of melanin... more Melanin pigmentation often occurs in the gingiva as a result of an abnormal deposition of melanin, due to which the gums may appear black, but the principles, techniques, and management of the problems associated with gingival melanin pigmentation are still not fully established. Depigmentation procedures such as scalpel surgery, gingivectomy with free gingival autografting, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemical agents such as 90% phenol and 95% alcohol, abrasion with diamond bur, Nd: YAG laser, semiconductor diode laser, and CO2 laser have been employed for removal of melanin hyper pigmentation. The following case series describes three different surgical depigmentation techniques: scalpel surgery, abrasion with rotary abrasive, and a diode laser. Better results of depigmentation were achieved with diode laser than conventional scalpel and with rotary abrasion with respect to esthetics. The results point out that lasers are an effective and a safe means to removal of hyperpigmentation from the gingiva. Healing was uneventful and no repigmentation occurred.

Baba Farid …, 2011

Embryonic development of teeth relies on a series of reciprocal inductive signaling between two a... more Embryonic development of teeth relies on a series of reciprocal inductive signaling between two adjacent tissues, an epithelium and mesenchyme. Genes are identified as being important for communication between epithelium and ectomesenchymal cells. Number of ...

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2020

With the first case of a highly infectious virus named Coronavirus in Wuhan, China in December 20... more With the first case of a highly infectious virus named Coronavirus in Wuhan, China in December 2019, this deadly virus was declared a pandemic by WHO. COVID-19 was found to be very similar to patients infected with MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. The virus was transmitted from bats to humans through some unidentified intermediary. Since its introduction in humans, it has infected 118000 people, killing 3583 till last week of May 2020 in India. The reported route of transmission is inhalation or direct contact with the infected surface or patients. This symptomatic disease includes symptoms such as cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, and in some severe patients, it may cause multiple organ failure, pneumonia, severe or acute respiratory diseases. In some cases people may be asymptomatic till 14 d of infection. The patients with mild illness are usually isolated and others are prevented with protective measures such as medical mask, hand hygiene. In the present article, the epidemiology, route...

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2013

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Aug 22, 2023

Periodontitis, a disease involving supportive structures of the teeth prevails in all groups, eth... more Periodontitis, a disease involving supportive structures of the teeth prevails in all groups, ethnicities, races and both genders. It is a localised inflammatory response caused by bacterial infection of a periodontal pocket associated with subgingival plaque. Periodontal diseases include conditions such as chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis and necrotizing periodontitis. Aggressive forms of periodontitis can be localized or generalized. Antibacterial agents have been used effectively in the management of periodontal infection. The effectiveness of mechanical debridement of plaque and repeated topical and systemic administration of antibacterial agents are limited due to the lack of accessibility to periodontopathic organisms in the periodontal pocket. Systemic administration of drugs leads to therapeutic concentrations at the site of infection, but for short periods of time, forcing repeated dosing for longer periods. Local delivery of antimicrobials has been investiga...

Nanoemulsions have the potential in pharmaceutical industries because of the transparency at high... more Nanoemulsions have the potential in pharmaceutical industries because of the transparency at high droplet volume fraction, higher rate of bioavailability or diffusion and increased shelf life of the pharmaceuticals. Nanoemulsions are clear, thermodynamically stable, isotropic liquid mixtures of oil, water, surfactant and co-surfactant. These are oil-in-water (o/w) type of emulsions with the average droplet size ranging from 5nm to 100 nm. Reduction in droplet size to nanoscale leads to change in physical properties such as optical transparency & unusual elastic behavior. Nanoemulsions have widespread applications in different fields such as pharmaceutics, food technology. Nanoemulsion offers a promising vehicle for increasing the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. Nanoemulsions have many advantages; for instance, enhance drug solubility, perfect thermodynamic stability, ease of manufacturing and permeation over conventional formulations that convert them to important ...

The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate fast dissolving tablets of Rosuv... more The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate fast dissolving tablets of Rosuvastatin (BCS Class II drug) to enhance solubility, improve bioavailability and patient compliance especially for the paediatric and geriatric patients with sufficient therapeutic benefits. Rosuvastatin exhibits poor solubility in water and low bioavailability of approximately 20%. Four solid dispersions (1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6 w/w) were prepared by melting method using PEG 4000 as a polymer. Solid dispersions were characterized for drug content uniformity, XRD, DSC and in vitro dissolution studies. Â It was then further compressed into tablets by direct compression method using different superdisintegrants like sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium. All the fast dissolving tablets were evaluated for pre compression parameters such as angle of repose (I¸), bulk and tapped density, percentage compressibility (%) and Hausner ratio. Post compression parameters like g...

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to design and evaluate a gel containing... more Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to design and evaluate a gel containing lycopene loaded colloidal microparticles. Methods: The lycopene loaded colloidal microparticles were successfully prepared by Cloud point technique to form colloids using Tween 40 and Tween 60 surfactant solution and then incorporated into microparticles by solvent evaporation method using polymer like HPMC and ethyl cellulose. These colloidal microparticles were evaluated for particle size (PS), drug loading (DL), entrapment efficiency (EE), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Further, these colloidal microparticles were incorporated into a topical formulation i.e., gel. This topical formulation was then evaluated for macroscopic examination, viscosity, drug content, spreadability, antioxidant activity, in vitro permeation and release kinetics. Results: Colloidal microparticles were successfully prepared and the particle size, drug loading and entrapment efficiency were found to be 249...

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2013

The oral route of drug administration is the most common and preferred method of delivery due to ... more The oral route of drug administration is the most common and preferred method of delivery due to convenience and ease of ingestion. From a patient's perspective, swallowing a dosage form is a comfortable and a familiar means of taking medication. As a result, patient compliance and hence drug treatment is typically more effective with orally administered medications as compared with other routes of administration 1. Limited drug absorption resulting in poor bioavailability is paramount amongst the potential problems that can be encountered when delivering an active agent via the oral route. Hence, two areas of pharmaceutical research that focus on improving the oral bioavailability of active agents include enhancing solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs and enhancing permeability of poorly permeable drugs 2. Other methods, such as salt formation, complexation with cyclodextrins, solubilization of drugs in solvent(s), and particle size reduction have also been utilized to improve the dissolution properties of poorly water soluble drugs 3,4,5 .In the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) drugs with low aqueous solubility and high membrane permeability are categorized as Class II drugs. Therefore, solid dispersion technologies are particularly promising for improving the oral absorption and bioavailability of BCS Class II drugs 6 .

This is extremely valuable for patients with chronic illnesses which require the plasma concentra... more This is extremely valuable for patients with chronic illnesses which require the plasma concentrations of a drug to be within its therapeutic range to avoid breakthrough symptoms, for example, overnight management of pain in terminally ill patients  The reduction or avoidance of side effects due to high plasma drug concentrations or 'dose dumping ABSTRACT Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. The major problem associated with conventional drug delivery system is unpredictable plasma concentrations. Controlled drug delivery systems offer spatial control over the drug release. Osmotic pumps are most promising systems for controlled drug delivery. These systems are used for both oral administration and implantation. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release systems which are tablets coated with walls of controlled porosity.. Osmotic pump uses the basic principle of osmosis for release of drug(s). Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core containing drug and osmogens, coated with a semi permeable membrane. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out through the delivery ports. Osmotic pumps release drug at a rate that is independent of the pH and hydrodynamics of the dissolution medium. Various patents available for osmotic drug delivery system like Rose-Nelson pump, Higuchileeper pump, higuchi-theeuwes pump and elementary osmotic pump. In this paper, various types of osmotic pump and the basic components of osmotic system tablets have been discussed briefly.

With the first case of a highly infectious virus named Coronavirus

GMC PATIALA Journal of research and medical education, Dec 16, 2021

Excessive gingival display and gingival hyperpigmentation are major concerns for a large number o... more Excessive gingival display and gingival hyperpigmentation are major concerns for a large number of patients visiting the dentist. Melanin hyperpigmentation usually does not present a medical problem, but patients usually complain of dark gums as unaesthetic. This problem is aggravated in patients with a "gummy smile" or excessive gingival display while smiling. Esthetic periodontal plastic surgery is especially rewarding in such individuals with compromised esthetics. This case report represents correction of gingival hyperpigmentation by laser ablation using diode laser with satisfactory and pleasant results.

Journal of Oral Implantology, Dec 1, 2012

Research Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing, 2021

Numerous organizations are using aspects of the cloud to store data, but as sensitive data is pla... more Numerous organizations are using aspects of the cloud to store data, but as sensitive data is placed on the cloud, privacy and security become difficult to maintain. When users upload data to the cloud, they may become increasingly vulnerable to account hijacking, unauthorized access, and the data may become unavailable because of various technical reasons. Questions remain about the security of sensitive data in the cloud, and in this chapter, the authors perform an analysis of 36 peer reviewed publications describing 30 observations of cloud computing technology (2010-2017). In the articles, applications of cloud computing include, for instance, business (26%) and the internet of things (IoT; 2%), and the result suggests that some issues are unique to a particular domain (such as business, education, health) and some issues cross all domains. The results suggest that data integrity issues have the highest number of solutions whereas data breaches have the lowest number of solutions.

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, 2010

Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, 2012

Melanin pigmentation often occurs in the gingiva as a result of an abnormal deposition of melanin... more Melanin pigmentation often occurs in the gingiva as a result of an abnormal deposition of melanin, due to which the gums may appear black, but the principles, techniques, and management of the problems associated with gingival melanin pigmentation are still not fully established. Depigmentation procedures such as scalpel surgery, gingivectomy with free gingival autografting, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemical agents such as 90% phenol and 95% alcohol, abrasion with diamond bur, Nd: YAG laser, semiconductor diode laser, and CO2 laser have been employed for removal of melanin hyper pigmentation. The following case series describes three different surgical depigmentation techniques: scalpel surgery, abrasion with rotary abrasive, and a diode laser. Better results of depigmentation were achieved with diode laser than conventional scalpel and with rotary abrasion with respect to esthetics. The results point out that lasers are an effective and a safe means to removal of hyperpigmentation from the gingiva. Healing was uneventful and no repigmentation occurred.

Baba Farid …, 2011

Embryonic development of teeth relies on a series of reciprocal inductive signaling between two a... more Embryonic development of teeth relies on a series of reciprocal inductive signaling between two adjacent tissues, an epithelium and mesenchyme. Genes are identified as being important for communication between epithelium and ectomesenchymal cells. Number of ...

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2020

With the first case of a highly infectious virus named Coronavirus in Wuhan, China in December 20... more With the first case of a highly infectious virus named Coronavirus in Wuhan, China in December 2019, this deadly virus was declared a pandemic by WHO. COVID-19 was found to be very similar to patients infected with MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. The virus was transmitted from bats to humans through some unidentified intermediary. Since its introduction in humans, it has infected 118000 people, killing 3583 till last week of May 2020 in India. The reported route of transmission is inhalation or direct contact with the infected surface or patients. This symptomatic disease includes symptoms such as cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, and in some severe patients, it may cause multiple organ failure, pneumonia, severe or acute respiratory diseases. In some cases people may be asymptomatic till 14 d of infection. The patients with mild illness are usually isolated and others are prevented with protective measures such as medical mask, hand hygiene. In the present article, the epidemiology, route...

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2013

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Aug 22, 2023

Periodontitis, a disease involving supportive structures of the teeth prevails in all groups, eth... more Periodontitis, a disease involving supportive structures of the teeth prevails in all groups, ethnicities, races and both genders. It is a localised inflammatory response caused by bacterial infection of a periodontal pocket associated with subgingival plaque. Periodontal diseases include conditions such as chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis and necrotizing periodontitis. Aggressive forms of periodontitis can be localized or generalized. Antibacterial agents have been used effectively in the management of periodontal infection. The effectiveness of mechanical debridement of plaque and repeated topical and systemic administration of antibacterial agents are limited due to the lack of accessibility to periodontopathic organisms in the periodontal pocket. Systemic administration of drugs leads to therapeutic concentrations at the site of infection, but for short periods of time, forcing repeated dosing for longer periods. Local delivery of antimicrobials has been investiga...

Nanoemulsions have the potential in pharmaceutical industries because of the transparency at high... more Nanoemulsions have the potential in pharmaceutical industries because of the transparency at high droplet volume fraction, higher rate of bioavailability or diffusion and increased shelf life of the pharmaceuticals. Nanoemulsions are clear, thermodynamically stable, isotropic liquid mixtures of oil, water, surfactant and co-surfactant. These are oil-in-water (o/w) type of emulsions with the average droplet size ranging from 5nm to 100 nm. Reduction in droplet size to nanoscale leads to change in physical properties such as optical transparency & unusual elastic behavior. Nanoemulsions have widespread applications in different fields such as pharmaceutics, food technology. Nanoemulsion offers a promising vehicle for increasing the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. Nanoemulsions have many advantages; for instance, enhance drug solubility, perfect thermodynamic stability, ease of manufacturing and permeation over conventional formulations that convert them to important ...

The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate fast dissolving tablets of Rosuv... more The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate fast dissolving tablets of Rosuvastatin (BCS Class II drug) to enhance solubility, improve bioavailability and patient compliance especially for the paediatric and geriatric patients with sufficient therapeutic benefits. Rosuvastatin exhibits poor solubility in water and low bioavailability of approximately 20%. Four solid dispersions (1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6 w/w) were prepared by melting method using PEG 4000 as a polymer. Solid dispersions were characterized for drug content uniformity, XRD, DSC and in vitro dissolution studies. Â It was then further compressed into tablets by direct compression method using different superdisintegrants like sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium. All the fast dissolving tablets were evaluated for pre compression parameters such as angle of repose (I¸), bulk and tapped density, percentage compressibility (%) and Hausner ratio. Post compression parameters like g...

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to design and evaluate a gel containing... more Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to design and evaluate a gel containing lycopene loaded colloidal microparticles. Methods: The lycopene loaded colloidal microparticles were successfully prepared by Cloud point technique to form colloids using Tween 40 and Tween 60 surfactant solution and then incorporated into microparticles by solvent evaporation method using polymer like HPMC and ethyl cellulose. These colloidal microparticles were evaluated for particle size (PS), drug loading (DL), entrapment efficiency (EE), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Further, these colloidal microparticles were incorporated into a topical formulation i.e., gel. This topical formulation was then evaluated for macroscopic examination, viscosity, drug content, spreadability, antioxidant activity, in vitro permeation and release kinetics. Results: Colloidal microparticles were successfully prepared and the particle size, drug loading and entrapment efficiency were found to be 249...

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2013

The oral route of drug administration is the most common and preferred method of delivery due to ... more The oral route of drug administration is the most common and preferred method of delivery due to convenience and ease of ingestion. From a patient's perspective, swallowing a dosage form is a comfortable and a familiar means of taking medication. As a result, patient compliance and hence drug treatment is typically more effective with orally administered medications as compared with other routes of administration 1. Limited drug absorption resulting in poor bioavailability is paramount amongst the potential problems that can be encountered when delivering an active agent via the oral route. Hence, two areas of pharmaceutical research that focus on improving the oral bioavailability of active agents include enhancing solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs and enhancing permeability of poorly permeable drugs 2. Other methods, such as salt formation, complexation with cyclodextrins, solubilization of drugs in solvent(s), and particle size reduction have also been utilized to improve the dissolution properties of poorly water soluble drugs 3,4,5 .In the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) drugs with low aqueous solubility and high membrane permeability are categorized as Class II drugs. Therefore, solid dispersion technologies are particularly promising for improving the oral absorption and bioavailability of BCS Class II drugs 6 .

This is extremely valuable for patients with chronic illnesses which require the plasma concentra... more This is extremely valuable for patients with chronic illnesses which require the plasma concentrations of a drug to be within its therapeutic range to avoid breakthrough symptoms, for example, overnight management of pain in terminally ill patients  The reduction or avoidance of side effects due to high plasma drug concentrations or 'dose dumping ABSTRACT Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. The major problem associated with conventional drug delivery system is unpredictable plasma concentrations. Controlled drug delivery systems offer spatial control over the drug release. Osmotic pumps are most promising systems for controlled drug delivery. These systems are used for both oral administration and implantation. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release systems which are tablets coated with walls of controlled porosity.. Osmotic pump uses the basic principle of osmosis for release of drug(s). Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core containing drug and osmogens, coated with a semi permeable membrane. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out through the delivery ports. Osmotic pumps release drug at a rate that is independent of the pH and hydrodynamics of the dissolution medium. Various patents available for osmotic drug delivery system like Rose-Nelson pump, Higuchileeper pump, higuchi-theeuwes pump and elementary osmotic pump. In this paper, various types of osmotic pump and the basic components of osmotic system tablets have been discussed briefly.

With the first case of a highly infectious virus named Coronavirus