marco bocchi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by marco bocchi

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of 15 MVA Class Fault Current Limiter for Distribution Systems

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2009

As a consequence of electric power systems growth and further interconnection, the fault current ... more As a consequence of electric power systems growth and further interconnection, the fault current levels increase. Therefore there is the interest in devices which are able to limit fault currents. The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is an innovative device able to limit the short-circuit currents to lower levels, so that no component or underrated switching equipment in the system

Research paper thumbnail of Electrical testing of 1 MVA-class three-phase superconducting fault current limiter prototypes

The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is a novel component that will efficiently addre... more The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is a novel component that will efficiently address the problems due to the increasing level of short-circuit currents in distribution networks. In this paper we summarize the short-circuit test results on a 1.2 MVA SFCL prototype and on a 200 kVA demonstrator, now installed in a test facility.

Research paper thumbnail of Development, Testing and Installation of a Superconducting Fault Current Limiter for Medium Voltage Distribution Networks

Physics Procedia, 2012

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Development, installation, field test and operational experience of a Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in a distributed generation test facility

IET Conference Publications, 2009

The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is an innovative component able to limit instant... more The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is an innovative component able to limit instantaneously large short-circuit currents to acceptable level. In this paper we report on installation, commissioning and field testing of a SFCL prototype in a distributed generation Test Facility. Details of SFCL installation and of developed monitoring and acquisition system are described. Simulation results for 3-phase faults are compared with successful short-circuit field tests showing the good current-limiting capability and fast action of SFCL prototype.

Research paper thumbnail of Electrical testing results on a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter prototype

18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2005), 2005

The problem of excessive short-circuit currents has become an important issue for power systems o... more The problem of excessive short-circuit currents has become an important issue for power systems operators and there are clear indications for a growing interest in superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) devices for MV and HV grids. In this work, we report on both simulation and electrical testing results on a 40 kVA single-phase SFCL prototype developed in the framework of an Italian RTD project to be completed with a 3-phase SFCL unit by the end of 2005.

Research paper thumbnail of The first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Results of the field testing experience after one year operation

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014

ABSTRACT Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. (RSE) has been gaining a relevant experience in th... more ABSTRACT Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. (RSE) has been gaining a relevant experience in the simulation, design and installation of resistive-type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) devices for more than five years in the framework of a R&D national project funded by the Ricerca di Sistema (RdS). The most recent outcome of this research activity is the installation of a resistive-type BSCCO-based 9 kV / 3.4 MVA SFCL device in a single feeder branch of the Medium Voltage (MV) distribution network managed by A2A Reti Elettriche S.p.A (A2A) in the Milano area. This installation represents the first SFCL successfully installed in Italy. In this paper, we report on the main outcomes after a more than 1-year long steady-state field testing activity. The design of an upgraded device to be installed in the same substation has already been initiated: the new SFCL will allow to protect four different feeders, therefore implying a device upgrade up to 15.6 MVA.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the Performances of Three Different Types of Fault Current Limiter in the Distribution Network

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2006

... along with the scheme of the considered distribution network, in the EMTP program. The limiti... more ... along with the scheme of the considered distribution network, in the EMTP program. The limiting effect, joule integral, recovery time and influence of SFCL devices on the healthy part of the system are studied and compared. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Simulation and electrical characterization of MgB 2 and YBCO tapes for superconducting fault current limiter prototypes

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2008

In the past, bismuth-based high temperature superconductors (HTS) was the only commercially avail... more In the past, bismuth-based high temperature superconductors (HTS) was the only commercially available HTS conductors. The recent achievements in the production of MgB2 tapes and YBCO coated conductors (CC) persuaded us to study both these HTS as potential candidates for Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) applications. In this work, we report on critical current measurements on MgB2 tapes and windings

Research paper thumbnail of Simulations and Electrical Testing of Superconducting Fault Current Limiter Prototypes

IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2005

... subsequent peaks (see Fig. 8). How-ever, as a drawback the SFCL will have a longerrecovery ti... more ... subsequent peaks (see Fig. 8). How-ever, as a drawback the SFCL will have a longerrecovery time and furthermore the risk for possible HTS degradation or even failure of SFCL becomes extremely high. In order to highlight ...

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Evaluation of AC Losses of a DC Restive SFCL Prototype

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

A DC resistive SFCL consists of an inductance and a quenching superconducting resistance embedded... more A DC resistive SFCL consists of an inductance and a quenching superconducting resistance embedded in diode bridge. The superconductor operates in nearly DC current conditions. This regime of operation drastically reduces the AC losses and makes it possible to implement the device by means of present state of the art superconductors. In this paper the AC losses of a laboratory

Research paper thumbnail of Live-Grid Installation and Field Testing of the First Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

ABSTRACT Since 2009, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. has been involved in the development o... more ABSTRACT Since 2009, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. has been involved in the development of a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) for MV applications to be installed in the A2A Reti Elettriche S.p.A. distribution grid in the Milan area. The project started with simulations, design, and testing activities for a single-phase device; this first step paved the way for developing, testing, and live-grid installation at the hosting utility site of the final three-phase SFCL prototype. The result of this research activity is a resistive-type 9 kV/3.4 MVA SFCL device, based on first-generation (1G) BSCCO tapes, nowadays permanently installed as a single-feeder fault protection. This device is the first SFCL successfully installed in Italy. In this paper, we report on installation of the three-phase device and field-testing activity. The next step of the R&D activity will consist in the design of a three-phase SFCL demonstrator 9 kV/15.6 MVA to be installed at the same substation in an incoming feeder to limit the contribution of this feeder to the total short-circuit current of the network. This application is very demanding in terms of SFCL reliability and availability, but also the most interesting one for the A2A hosting utility needs.

Research paper thumbnail of Design of a DC Resistive SFCL for Application to the 20 kV Distribution System

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

... matrix and sheath material with a high electrical and thermal conductivity which enhances the... more ... matrix and sheath material with a high electrical and thermal conductivity which enhances the performance of the device in terms of stability and recovery time, may be used in order to produce the SC wire or tape to be used. In this paper the concept of DC resistive SFCL is first ...

Research paper thumbnail of Test Results on 500 kVA-Class <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>${\rm MgB}_{2}$</tex></formula>-Based Fault Current Limiter Prototypes

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

... C. Test Results and Discussion We tested the SFCL prototypes for both single and two sub-sequ... more ... C. Test Results and Discussion We tested the SFCL prototypes for both single and two sub-sequent faults in order to better analyse the recovery time of the HTS winding (ie the time needed by the SFCL to re-cover its superconducting state) and to simulate characteristic OCO ...

Research paper thumbnail of Test Results on <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>${\rm MgB}_{2}$</tex></formula> Windings for AC Applications

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

In the frame of a research and development project named LIMSAT several MgB2 tapes and windings w... more In the frame of a research and development project named LIMSAT several MgB2 tapes and windings were fabricated and tested in DC and AC current regime. All technical aspects related to the choice of the MgB2 tape layout as well as the winding technology and insulation will be reported. Different tape layout and insulating technique were used for the different

Research paper thumbnail of Live grid field-testing final results of the first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter and severe 3-phase fault experience

—The first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter 9kV/3.4MVA was developed and lab tested ... more —The first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter 9kV/3.4MVA was developed and lab tested by Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. and then installed in the Milan distribution grid belonging to A2A Reti Elettriche S.p.A. This resistive-type SFCL device was operational since March 2012 and hence has been field tested for more than two years, providing a large amount of experimental data with a significant experience gaining. Some preliminary results were already presented; however, this paper reports on the main outcomes of the field testing activity including the effective short-circuit current limitation provided by this SFCL prototype during a severe real three-phase short-circuit event in the Milan distribution grid. The SFCL device showed to behave as expected, promptly limiting the short-circuit current by a factor of about 2. This is the first SFCL limiting action in Italy and one of the very first worldwide. Further to this first successful installation, the hosting utility A2A agreed to install in the same substation a new SFCL device protecting four different feeders, therefore implying a SFCL upgrading up to 15.6MVA. Therefore, this paper also anticipates the key steps towards the development of the upgraded SFCL prototype to be commissioned in early 2015. 

Research paper thumbnail of Design and Development of 15 MVA Class Fault Current Limiter for Distribution Systems

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2009

As a consequence of electric power systems growth and further interconnection, the fault current ... more As a consequence of electric power systems growth and further interconnection, the fault current levels increase. Therefore there is the interest in devices which are able to limit fault currents. The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is an innovative device able to limit the short-circuit currents to lower levels, so that no component or underrated switching equipment in the system

Research paper thumbnail of Electrical testing of 1 MVA-class three-phase superconducting fault current limiter prototypes

The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is a novel component that will efficiently addre... more The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is a novel component that will efficiently address the problems due to the increasing level of short-circuit currents in distribution networks. In this paper we summarize the short-circuit test results on a 1.2 MVA SFCL prototype and on a 200 kVA demonstrator, now installed in a test facility.

Research paper thumbnail of Development, Testing and Installation of a Superconducting Fault Current Limiter for Medium Voltage Distribution Networks

Physics Procedia, 2012

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Development, installation, field test and operational experience of a Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in a distributed generation test facility

IET Conference Publications, 2009

The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is an innovative component able to limit instant... more The Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) is an innovative component able to limit instantaneously large short-circuit currents to acceptable level. In this paper we report on installation, commissioning and field testing of a SFCL prototype in a distributed generation Test Facility. Details of SFCL installation and of developed monitoring and acquisition system are described. Simulation results for 3-phase faults are compared with successful short-circuit field tests showing the good current-limiting capability and fast action of SFCL prototype.

Research paper thumbnail of Electrical testing results on a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter prototype

18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2005), 2005

The problem of excessive short-circuit currents has become an important issue for power systems o... more The problem of excessive short-circuit currents has become an important issue for power systems operators and there are clear indications for a growing interest in superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) devices for MV and HV grids. In this work, we report on both simulation and electrical testing results on a 40 kVA single-phase SFCL prototype developed in the framework of an Italian RTD project to be completed with a 3-phase SFCL unit by the end of 2005.

Research paper thumbnail of The first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Results of the field testing experience after one year operation

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014

ABSTRACT Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. (RSE) has been gaining a relevant experience in th... more ABSTRACT Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. (RSE) has been gaining a relevant experience in the simulation, design and installation of resistive-type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) devices for more than five years in the framework of a R&amp;D national project funded by the Ricerca di Sistema (RdS). The most recent outcome of this research activity is the installation of a resistive-type BSCCO-based 9 kV / 3.4 MVA SFCL device in a single feeder branch of the Medium Voltage (MV) distribution network managed by A2A Reti Elettriche S.p.A (A2A) in the Milano area. This installation represents the first SFCL successfully installed in Italy. In this paper, we report on the main outcomes after a more than 1-year long steady-state field testing activity. The design of an upgraded device to be installed in the same substation has already been initiated: the new SFCL will allow to protect four different feeders, therefore implying a device upgrade up to 15.6 MVA.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the Performances of Three Different Types of Fault Current Limiter in the Distribution Network

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2006

... along with the scheme of the considered distribution network, in the EMTP program. The limiti... more ... along with the scheme of the considered distribution network, in the EMTP program. The limiting effect, joule integral, recovery time and influence of SFCL devices on the healthy part of the system are studied and compared. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Simulation and electrical characterization of MgB 2 and YBCO tapes for superconducting fault current limiter prototypes

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2008

In the past, bismuth-based high temperature superconductors (HTS) was the only commercially avail... more In the past, bismuth-based high temperature superconductors (HTS) was the only commercially available HTS conductors. The recent achievements in the production of MgB2 tapes and YBCO coated conductors (CC) persuaded us to study both these HTS as potential candidates for Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) applications. In this work, we report on critical current measurements on MgB2 tapes and windings

Research paper thumbnail of Simulations and Electrical Testing of Superconducting Fault Current Limiter Prototypes

IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2005

... subsequent peaks (see Fig. 8). How-ever, as a drawback the SFCL will have a longerrecovery ti... more ... subsequent peaks (see Fig. 8). How-ever, as a drawback the SFCL will have a longerrecovery time and furthermore the risk for possible HTS degradation or even failure of SFCL becomes extremely high. In order to highlight ...

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Evaluation of AC Losses of a DC Restive SFCL Prototype

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

A DC resistive SFCL consists of an inductance and a quenching superconducting resistance embedded... more A DC resistive SFCL consists of an inductance and a quenching superconducting resistance embedded in diode bridge. The superconductor operates in nearly DC current conditions. This regime of operation drastically reduces the AC losses and makes it possible to implement the device by means of present state of the art superconductors. In this paper the AC losses of a laboratory

Research paper thumbnail of Live-Grid Installation and Field Testing of the First Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

ABSTRACT Since 2009, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. has been involved in the development o... more ABSTRACT Since 2009, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. has been involved in the development of a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) for MV applications to be installed in the A2A Reti Elettriche S.p.A. distribution grid in the Milan area. The project started with simulations, design, and testing activities for a single-phase device; this first step paved the way for developing, testing, and live-grid installation at the hosting utility site of the final three-phase SFCL prototype. The result of this research activity is a resistive-type 9 kV/3.4 MVA SFCL device, based on first-generation (1G) BSCCO tapes, nowadays permanently installed as a single-feeder fault protection. This device is the first SFCL successfully installed in Italy. In this paper, we report on installation of the three-phase device and field-testing activity. The next step of the R&amp;D activity will consist in the design of a three-phase SFCL demonstrator 9 kV/15.6 MVA to be installed at the same substation in an incoming feeder to limit the contribution of this feeder to the total short-circuit current of the network. This application is very demanding in terms of SFCL reliability and availability, but also the most interesting one for the A2A hosting utility needs.

Research paper thumbnail of Design of a DC Resistive SFCL for Application to the 20 kV Distribution System

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

... matrix and sheath material with a high electrical and thermal conductivity which enhances the... more ... matrix and sheath material with a high electrical and thermal conductivity which enhances the performance of the device in terms of stability and recovery time, may be used in order to produce the SC wire or tape to be used. In this paper the concept of DC resistive SFCL is first ...

Research paper thumbnail of Test Results on 500 kVA-Class <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>${\rm MgB}_{2}$</tex></formula>-Based Fault Current Limiter Prototypes

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

... C. Test Results and Discussion We tested the SFCL prototypes for both single and two sub-sequ... more ... C. Test Results and Discussion We tested the SFCL prototypes for both single and two sub-sequent faults in order to better analyse the recovery time of the HTS winding (ie the time needed by the SFCL to re-cover its superconducting state) and to simulate characteristic OCO ...

Research paper thumbnail of Test Results on <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>${\rm MgB}_{2}$</tex></formula> Windings for AC Applications

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2000

In the frame of a research and development project named LIMSAT several MgB2 tapes and windings w... more In the frame of a research and development project named LIMSAT several MgB2 tapes and windings were fabricated and tested in DC and AC current regime. All technical aspects related to the choice of the MgB2 tape layout as well as the winding technology and insulation will be reported. Different tape layout and insulating technique were used for the different

Research paper thumbnail of Live grid field-testing final results of the first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter and severe 3-phase fault experience

—The first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter 9kV/3.4MVA was developed and lab tested ... more —The first Italian Superconducting Fault Current Limiter 9kV/3.4MVA was developed and lab tested by Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. and then installed in the Milan distribution grid belonging to A2A Reti Elettriche S.p.A. This resistive-type SFCL device was operational since March 2012 and hence has been field tested for more than two years, providing a large amount of experimental data with a significant experience gaining. Some preliminary results were already presented; however, this paper reports on the main outcomes of the field testing activity including the effective short-circuit current limitation provided by this SFCL prototype during a severe real three-phase short-circuit event in the Milan distribution grid. The SFCL device showed to behave as expected, promptly limiting the short-circuit current by a factor of about 2. This is the first SFCL limiting action in Italy and one of the very first worldwide. Further to this first successful installation, the hosting utility A2A agreed to install in the same substation a new SFCL device protecting four different feeders, therefore implying a SFCL upgrading up to 15.6MVA. Therefore, this paper also anticipates the key steps towards the development of the upgraded SFCL prototype to be commissioned in early 2015. 