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Papers by mariam fouad

Menoufia Medical Journal, 2016

Objective The aim of this work was to assess the clinical utility of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) amon... more Objective The aim of this work was to assess the clinical utility of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) among Egyptian hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in comparison with α-fetoprotein (AFP). In addition, the level of GP73 was evaluated after surgical resection of HCC. Background Serum Golgi protein 73 (sGP73) is a promising biomarker for detection of HCC. Patients and methods This study included 76 patients; 38 of them had proved HCC (10 of them were followed up after hepatectomy to detect the level of GP73 after treatment), 25 patients had chronic liver diseases (CLDs) and 13 apparently healthy individuals were considered as controls. Clinical examination, abdominal ultrasonography and triphasic computed tomography for focal lesion were performed. Liver function tests were performed using Synchron Cx9 ALX Clinical Autoanalyzer, serum AFP was measured using ELISA method and hepatitis markers and GP73 were determined by ELISA kit for GP73. Results There was highly statistically significant difference in GP73 between HCC and the control group and also between HCC and the CLD group. Moreover, GP73 is significantly lower after hepatectomy. For discrimination of HCC from healthy control, receiver operating characteristic curve showed that sGP73 levels had area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.89 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81-0.98)] and sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 92.3% at a cutoff point 192 ng/l, whereas AFP had AUROC curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.71-0.95) and sensitivity of 73.7% and specificity of 61.5% at a cutoff point 10.5 ng/ml. For discrimination of HCC from CLD, receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the sGP73 levels had the AUROC curve of 0.88 (95% CI 0.79-0.96) and sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 84% at a cutoff point 195 ng/l, whereas AFP had AUROC curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.72-0.93) and sensitivity of 73.7% and specificity of 68% at a cutoff point 10.5 ng/ml. Conclusion GP73 expression is highly increased in HCC patients. Its diagnostic performance is superior to that of AFP and is a useful marker for follow-up of HCC patients after surgical hepatectomy.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Background: Numerous studies have shown that severity of respiratory distress syndrome may affect... more Background: Numerous studies have shown that severity of respiratory distress syndrome may affect the endogenous cortisol secretion in preterm infants. Objective: Is to evaluate the levels of serum cortisol in the 1 st and 3 rd days of life in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and methods: This study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Benha University Hospital during the period from 2019 till 2020. The study included 45 preterm neonates (23 females and 22 males). The neonates included in the study were divided into three groups: Group I: Preterm neonates without RDS as control (n =15). Group II: Preterm neonates with mild to moderate respiratory distress syndrome, were on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (n =15). Group III: Preterm neonates with severe respiratory distress syndrome, were mechanically ventilated (n=15). Results: In cases received antenatal steroids there was no significant difference between 1 st and 3 rd day's serum cortisol levels. In cases didn't receive antenatal steroids there was highly significant difference between 1 st and 3 rd day's serum cortisol levels. There was significant difference between 1 st day serum cortisol levels and highly significant difference between 3 rd day serum cortisol levels regarding antenatal steroids. Conclusion: Preterm infants respond to the stress at delivery and cortisol production continues in infants with RDS than those without RDS; may be in order to cope with poor pulmonary function and to enhance lung maturity. Antenatal steroids have effective role in decreasing incidence and severity of RDS.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) remains the most important determinant of increas... more Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) remains the most important determinant of increasing neonatal morbidity in preterm infants. A low secretory capacity of the adrenal cortex may cause a diminished stress response during the acute illness in preterm infants and could lead to increased morbidity in these infants. Objective: To evaluate the levels of antenatal steroid (cortisol) in the 1 st and 3 rd days of life in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and methods: This study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Benha University Hospital from June, 2020 to January, 2022. The study included 45 preterm neonates (23 females and 22 males), with gestational age ranged from 30 to 36 weeks, and their weights ranged between 1.100 kg to 2.700 kg (all of them were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) with mean weight 1.800 + 0.300 kg). Results: In the current study, in ROC curve and area under the curve shows that 3 rd day serum cortisol significantly could be used as a predictive measure in cases prognosis with probability of 71% that the assay result for a randomly chosen positive case will exceed the result for a randomly chosen negative case. Among respiratory distress groups (2 and 3) 3 rd day serum cortisol level of 485.5 (nmol/l) was chosen as a cutoff point below which cases with respiratory distress tend to show improvement in prognosis with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 80%. Conclusion: Preterm infants with severe RDS (mechanically ventilated) release more cortisol, which could be the result of severe stress associated with respiratory distress and positive pressure ventilation. Increased incidence and severity of RDS were noticed more in cesarean section (CS) than in vaginal delivery (VD). Antenatal steroids have effective role in decreasing incidence and severity of RDS.

Cancer Research, 2021

Background: The treatment of hormonal positive breast cancer is still based on hormonal tamoxifen... more Background: The treatment of hormonal positive breast cancer is still based on hormonal tamoxifen (TAM) based regimens in early stages, while based on chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) based regimens in late stages. DNA methyl transferase inhibitor (decitabine: DEC) is an epigenetic modulator with synergistic anticancer activity when combined with either TAM or DOX. Aims: The cytotoxic synergistic combinations of DEC with either DOX or TAM were examined for their effects on immunomodulation and lipid metabolism in hormonal positive breast cancer cells (MCF7). Material and Methods: Sulphorhodamine-B cytotoxic assay, flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis along with the florescent uptake of Rhodamine123 were adopted for testing the sensitivity of MCF7 cells to the drug combinations. Real time PCR was utilized to measure the genetic expression of immunoregulatory markers (FOXP3, TNFα, IFNγ and IL-6), lipid metabolism regulatory markers (FASN, CPT1, MLYCD, ACCα and AMPK) ...

Menoufia Medical Journal, 2016

Objective The aim of this work was to assess the clinical utility of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) amon... more Objective The aim of this work was to assess the clinical utility of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) among Egyptian hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in comparison with α-fetoprotein (AFP). In addition, the level of GP73 was evaluated after surgical resection of HCC. Background Serum Golgi protein 73 (sGP73) is a promising biomarker for detection of HCC. Patients and methods This study included 76 patients; 38 of them had proved HCC (10 of them were followed up after hepatectomy to detect the level of GP73 after treatment), 25 patients had chronic liver diseases (CLDs) and 13 apparently healthy individuals were considered as controls. Clinical examination, abdominal ultrasonography and triphasic computed tomography for focal lesion were performed. Liver function tests were performed using Synchron Cx9 ALX Clinical Autoanalyzer, serum AFP was measured using ELISA method and hepatitis markers and GP73 were determined by ELISA kit for GP73. Results There was highly statistically significant difference in GP73 between HCC and the control group and also between HCC and the CLD group. Moreover, GP73 is significantly lower after hepatectomy. For discrimination of HCC from healthy control, receiver operating characteristic curve showed that sGP73 levels had area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.89 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81-0.98)] and sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 92.3% at a cutoff point 192 ng/l, whereas AFP had AUROC curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.71-0.95) and sensitivity of 73.7% and specificity of 61.5% at a cutoff point 10.5 ng/ml. For discrimination of HCC from CLD, receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the sGP73 levels had the AUROC curve of 0.88 (95% CI 0.79-0.96) and sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 84% at a cutoff point 195 ng/l, whereas AFP had AUROC curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.72-0.93) and sensitivity of 73.7% and specificity of 68% at a cutoff point 10.5 ng/ml. Conclusion GP73 expression is highly increased in HCC patients. Its diagnostic performance is superior to that of AFP and is a useful marker for follow-up of HCC patients after surgical hepatectomy.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Background: Numerous studies have shown that severity of respiratory distress syndrome may affect... more Background: Numerous studies have shown that severity of respiratory distress syndrome may affect the endogenous cortisol secretion in preterm infants. Objective: Is to evaluate the levels of serum cortisol in the 1 st and 3 rd days of life in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and methods: This study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Benha University Hospital during the period from 2019 till 2020. The study included 45 preterm neonates (23 females and 22 males). The neonates included in the study were divided into three groups: Group I: Preterm neonates without RDS as control (n =15). Group II: Preterm neonates with mild to moderate respiratory distress syndrome, were on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (n =15). Group III: Preterm neonates with severe respiratory distress syndrome, were mechanically ventilated (n=15). Results: In cases received antenatal steroids there was no significant difference between 1 st and 3 rd day's serum cortisol levels. In cases didn't receive antenatal steroids there was highly significant difference between 1 st and 3 rd day's serum cortisol levels. There was significant difference between 1 st day serum cortisol levels and highly significant difference between 3 rd day serum cortisol levels regarding antenatal steroids. Conclusion: Preterm infants respond to the stress at delivery and cortisol production continues in infants with RDS than those without RDS; may be in order to cope with poor pulmonary function and to enhance lung maturity. Antenatal steroids have effective role in decreasing incidence and severity of RDS.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) remains the most important determinant of increas... more Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) remains the most important determinant of increasing neonatal morbidity in preterm infants. A low secretory capacity of the adrenal cortex may cause a diminished stress response during the acute illness in preterm infants and could lead to increased morbidity in these infants. Objective: To evaluate the levels of antenatal steroid (cortisol) in the 1 st and 3 rd days of life in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and methods: This study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Benha University Hospital from June, 2020 to January, 2022. The study included 45 preterm neonates (23 females and 22 males), with gestational age ranged from 30 to 36 weeks, and their weights ranged between 1.100 kg to 2.700 kg (all of them were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) with mean weight 1.800 + 0.300 kg). Results: In the current study, in ROC curve and area under the curve shows that 3 rd day serum cortisol significantly could be used as a predictive measure in cases prognosis with probability of 71% that the assay result for a randomly chosen positive case will exceed the result for a randomly chosen negative case. Among respiratory distress groups (2 and 3) 3 rd day serum cortisol level of 485.5 (nmol/l) was chosen as a cutoff point below which cases with respiratory distress tend to show improvement in prognosis with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 80%. Conclusion: Preterm infants with severe RDS (mechanically ventilated) release more cortisol, which could be the result of severe stress associated with respiratory distress and positive pressure ventilation. Increased incidence and severity of RDS were noticed more in cesarean section (CS) than in vaginal delivery (VD). Antenatal steroids have effective role in decreasing incidence and severity of RDS.

Cancer Research, 2021

Background: The treatment of hormonal positive breast cancer is still based on hormonal tamoxifen... more Background: The treatment of hormonal positive breast cancer is still based on hormonal tamoxifen (TAM) based regimens in early stages, while based on chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) based regimens in late stages. DNA methyl transferase inhibitor (decitabine: DEC) is an epigenetic modulator with synergistic anticancer activity when combined with either TAM or DOX. Aims: The cytotoxic synergistic combinations of DEC with either DOX or TAM were examined for their effects on immunomodulation and lipid metabolism in hormonal positive breast cancer cells (MCF7). Material and Methods: Sulphorhodamine-B cytotoxic assay, flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis along with the florescent uptake of Rhodamine123 were adopted for testing the sensitivity of MCF7 cells to the drug combinations. Real time PCR was utilized to measure the genetic expression of immunoregulatory markers (FOXP3, TNFα, IFNγ and IL-6), lipid metabolism regulatory markers (FASN, CPT1, MLYCD, ACCα and AMPK) ...