marisa fassi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by marisa fassi
The journal of social policy studies, 2014
This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at ... more This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at the experiences of organized sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina in their encounter with police discretion. This focus is currently relevant in light of the rapid expansion in the vague and ambiguous local norms being used to govern large populations. Legal ambiguity can be seen as a site of power. The existing literature on police discretion has tended to focus particularly on the amount of freedom police officers should have in deciding how and whether to enforce the law. This paper engages in the less proliferous, but essential, discussion on the role of law in creating new opportunities for arbitrariness and oppression. Moreover, legal ambiguity is also a site of resistance. Social actors are not passive recipients of top-down policies and that same ambiguity may, for some, become an opportunity to struggle for better conditions. In that sense, the experience of sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina reveals the kind of strategic tactics being used to deal with the abusive practices of the police. The last section of this paper will describe the series of events that prompted a new shift in relations between sex workers and the police as a consequence of a neo-abolitionist wave.
The Second ISA Forum of Sociology (August 1-4, 2012), Aug 3, 2012
Culture, Health & Sexuality, Jan 8, 2015
The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex w... more The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex work, and the policy implications of these, by discussing the experience of developing a grassroots legislation bill proposal by organised sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina. The term 'grassroots legislation' here refers to a legal response that derives from the active involvement of local social movements and thus incorporates the experiential knowledge and claims of these particular social groupings in the proposal. The experience described in this paper excludes approaches that render sex workers as passive victims or as deviant perpetrators; instead, it conceives of sex workers in terms of their political subjectivity and of political subjectivity in its capacity to speak, to decide, to act and to propose. This means challenging current patterns of knowledge/power that give superiority to 'expert knowledge' above and beyond the claims, experiences, knowledge and needs of sex workers themselves as meaningful sources for law making.
Oñati socio-legal series, 2011
This article looks at the way sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginaliz... more This article looks at the way sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginalization, focusing on their understandings and associated practices of resistance. Sex workers position in law shows the group is on the margins of law, which means that their activity is not considered to be legal but is not illegal either. Since 2000 a group of sex workers started to organize to stop the constant detentions and humiliations by police officers. The organization called AMMAR (Asociación de Mujeres Meretrices Argentinas) implied a major shift from an oppression of consciousness to a consciousness of oppression, modifying in this process the terms of their resistance from mere tactics of survival to a struggle for redefinition of their position in law and society. This article firstly explores the idea of margins of law, consciousness, power and resistance, and also describes the regulation of sex work in the city of Córdoba; secondly, it refers to sex workers experiences, perceptions and practices of resistance before the organization in relation to the police, the Judiciary, as well as with other institutions, and relates this experiences with their practices of resistance in that period; thirdly, it explains the process of organization and the way it has influenced their reflective awareness and practices of resistance, it describes as well the heterogeneity of understandings regarding law. Lastly, the Conclusion revisits the outcomes and literature to propose final reflections about dealing with the margins of law in everyday life.
Inguruak: Soziologia eta zientzia politikoaren euskal aldizkaria = Revista vasca de sociología y ciencia política, 2010
and last but extremely important, at the Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales (CIJS), t... more and last but extremely important, at the Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales (CIJS), the Department of Sociology of Law-UNC in Córdoba-Argentina and the Human Rights Office of the Supreme Court of Justice in Cordoba, in particular Wilfrido Perez for his trust and support. I am extremely grateful to all of those colleagues who became friends and to all the friends who became co-workers. I tried to write a list of names, but it seemed unfair to set an order or even to run the risk of forgetting someone. I trust they know by now how important they have been for this process. Thanks for your encouragement, your words of comfort and support, for picking the best out of my thoughts, ideas and attitudes and for pointing out better ways of being in the academia and more generally in this world. A special thanks for those who helped me face the challenge of writing in a foreign language; thanks Adrian Smith, Kate Hardy, Lucero Ibarra, Sue Dyson and Paul O'Connell for taking the time to check the language and translations at parts and bits on this thesis. None of this would have been possible without the unconditional spiritual support of friends and family, of all those who have been loving and caring to me, of those who might not be around but still guide my path, of the new arrivals who came to fill my life with light and joy. To all of them: thank you for joining me in this restless, impatient, continuing, and hopeful inquiry. You are in all that might be good in it. And for what might not be good, your insights and generosity have made me confident in inventing and reinventing the multiple collective ways through the endless journey of knowledge.
This article looks at the way sex workers in Cordoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginaliz... more This article looks at the way sex workers in Cordoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginalization, focusing on their understandings and associated practices of resistance. Sex workers position in law shows the group is on the margins of law, which means that their activity is not considered to be legal but is not illegal either. Since 2000 a group of sex workers started to organize to stop the constant detentions and humiliations by police officers. The organization called AMMAR (Asociacion de Mujeres Meretrices Argentinas) implied a major shift from an oppression of consciousness to a consciousness of oppression, modifying in this process the terms of their resistance from mere tactics of survival to a struggle for redefinition of their position in law and society. This article firstly explores the idea of margins of law, consciousness, power and resistance, and also describes the regulation of sex work in the city of Cordoba; secondly, it refers to sex workers experiences, pe...
International Journal of Law in Context, 2017
The Journal of Social Policy Studies, 2014
This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at ... more This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at the experiences of organized sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina in their encounter with police discretion. This focus is currently relevant in light of the rapid expansion in the vague and ambiguous local norms being used to govern large populations. Legal ambiguity can be seen as a site of power. The existing literature on police discretion has tended to focus particularly on the amount of freedom police officers should have in deciding how and whether to enforce the law. This paper engages in the less proliferous, but essential, discussion on the role of law in creating new opportunities for arbitrariness and oppression. Moreover, legal ambiguity is also a site of resistance. Social actors are not passive recipients of top-down policies and that same ambiguity may, for some, become an opportunity to struggle for better conditions. In that sense, the experience of sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina reveals the kind of strategic tactics being used to deal with the abusive practices of the police. The last section of this paper will describe the series of events that prompted a new shift in relations between sex workers and the police as a consequence of a neo-abolitionist wave.
Inguruak Soziologia Eta Zientzia Politikoaren Euskal Aldizkaria Revista Vasca De Sociologia Y Ciencia Politica, 2014
Culture, Health & Sexuality, 2015
The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex w... more The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex work, and the policy implications of these, by discussing the experience of developing a grassroots legislation bill proposal by organised sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina. The term 'grassroots legislation' here refers to a legal response that derives from the active involvement of local social movements and thus incorporates the experiential knowledge and claims of these particular social groupings in the proposal. The experience described in this paper excludes approaches that render sex workers as passive victims or as deviant perpetrators; instead, it conceives of sex workers in terms of their political subjectivity and of political subjectivity in its capacity to speak, to decide, to act and to propose. This means challenging current patterns of knowledge/power that give superiority to 'expert knowledge' above and beyond the claims, experiences, knowledge and needs of sex workers themselves as meaningful sources for law making.
Este artículo procura introducir el dossier 'Justicia y Vulnerabilidad(es). Acceso a la justi... more Este artículo procura introducir el dossier 'Justicia y Vulnerabilidad(es). Acceso a la justicia de personas<br> con discapacidad, personas mayores y niños, niñas y adolescentes' de la Revista Argumentos. Esta edición<br> especial agrupa una serie de artículos desarrollados por participantes de los equipos de investigaciónacción para el acceso a la justicia de sectores en condición de vulnerabilidad -Proyecto AJuV- de la Oficina<br> de Derechos Humanos y Justicia del Poder Judicial de Córdoba. Para ello, se abordan los lineamientos<br> generales que marcan las tendencias actuales en torno al acceso a la justicia. Luego, se desarrolla,<br> sintéticamente, el objetivo y método del Proyecto AJuV, para finalmente comentar brevemente los<br> artículos que encontrarán en el dossier<br>
Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior ... more Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior de los feminismos, como con otras áreas de circulación de saberes, proponemos en este trabajo una serie de reflexiones breves en torno a la construcción discursiva por la cual las personas trabajadoras sexuales quedaron fuera del registro: "la prostitución no es trabajo". No nos interesa aquí abrevar en la discusión dogmática al respecto, sino más bien analizar desde una lectura decolonial las nociones dicotómicas propias de la modernidad/colonialidad que habitan en esta afirmación. Esta lectura pone de relieve las profundas desigualdades sociales, económicas y epistémicas que se reproducen en la decisión de excluir al trabajo sexual del registro público que habilita, entre otras cuestiones, a solicitar una ayuda de emergencia ante la crisis alimentaria y habitacional del sector.Fil: Fassi, Marisa Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Peñas Defago, Maria Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentin
Problemas en torno a la desigualdad: Un enfoque poliédrico, 2020
Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior ... more Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior de los feminismos, como con otras áreas de circulación de saberes, proponemos en este trabajo una serie de reflexiones breves en torno a la construcción discursiva por la cual las personas trabajadoras sexuales quedaron fuera del registro: "la prostitución no es trabajo". No nos interesa aquí abrevar en la discusión dogmática al respecto, sino más bien analizar desde una lectura decolonial las nociones dicotómicas propias de la modernidad/colonialidad que habitan en esta afirmación. Esta lectura pone de relieve las profundas desigualdades sociales, económicas y epistémicas que se reproducen en la decisión de excluir al trabajo sexual del registro público que habilita, entre otras cuestiones, a solicitar una ayuda de emergencia ante la crisis alimentaria y habitacional del sector.Fil: Fassi, Marisa Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Peñas Defago, Maria Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentin
Transnational Legal Theory, 2021
ABSTRACT Recent scholarship on transnational law has emphasised how the proliferation and fragmen... more ABSTRACT Recent scholarship on transnational law has emphasised how the proliferation and fragmentation of normative orders, legal forms, and transnational actors are transforming the nature and authority of law in the contemporary global context. This Introduction presents what we term translocal legalities—emergent forms of normativity that are constituted through grounded encounters with local and transnational legal practices, discourses, subjectivities, and forms of resistance. By coining this new term, we seek to shift the gaze of transnational legal scholarship away from a top-down mapping of the structures of global law. Centring our analysis on the phenomenology of the encounter, we develop an analytical and empirical approach to understanding these encounters by focusing on how law is constituted not solely within traditional legal organisations and institutions, but through the everyday practices, discourses, and subjectivities of those mediating local, national and transnational norms.
The journal of social policy studies, 2014
This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at ... more This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at the experiences of organized sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina in their encounter with police discretion. This focus is currently relevant in light of the rapid expansion in the vague and ambiguous local norms being used to govern large populations. Legal ambiguity can be seen as a site of power. The existing literature on police discretion has tended to focus particularly on the amount of freedom police officers should have in deciding how and whether to enforce the law. This paper engages in the less proliferous, but essential, discussion on the role of law in creating new opportunities for arbitrariness and oppression. Moreover, legal ambiguity is also a site of resistance. Social actors are not passive recipients of top-down policies and that same ambiguity may, for some, become an opportunity to struggle for better conditions. In that sense, the experience of sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina reveals the kind of strategic tactics being used to deal with the abusive practices of the police. The last section of this paper will describe the series of events that prompted a new shift in relations between sex workers and the police as a consequence of a neo-abolitionist wave.
The Second ISA Forum of Sociology (August 1-4, 2012), Aug 3, 2012
Culture, Health & Sexuality, Jan 8, 2015
The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex w... more The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex work, and the policy implications of these, by discussing the experience of developing a grassroots legislation bill proposal by organised sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina. The term 'grassroots legislation' here refers to a legal response that derives from the active involvement of local social movements and thus incorporates the experiential knowledge and claims of these particular social groupings in the proposal. The experience described in this paper excludes approaches that render sex workers as passive victims or as deviant perpetrators; instead, it conceives of sex workers in terms of their political subjectivity and of political subjectivity in its capacity to speak, to decide, to act and to propose. This means challenging current patterns of knowledge/power that give superiority to 'expert knowledge' above and beyond the claims, experiences, knowledge and needs of sex workers themselves as meaningful sources for law making.
Oñati socio-legal series, 2011
This article looks at the way sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginaliz... more This article looks at the way sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginalization, focusing on their understandings and associated practices of resistance. Sex workers position in law shows the group is on the margins of law, which means that their activity is not considered to be legal but is not illegal either. Since 2000 a group of sex workers started to organize to stop the constant detentions and humiliations by police officers. The organization called AMMAR (Asociación de Mujeres Meretrices Argentinas) implied a major shift from an oppression of consciousness to a consciousness of oppression, modifying in this process the terms of their resistance from mere tactics of survival to a struggle for redefinition of their position in law and society. This article firstly explores the idea of margins of law, consciousness, power and resistance, and also describes the regulation of sex work in the city of Córdoba; secondly, it refers to sex workers experiences, perceptions and practices of resistance before the organization in relation to the police, the Judiciary, as well as with other institutions, and relates this experiences with their practices of resistance in that period; thirdly, it explains the process of organization and the way it has influenced their reflective awareness and practices of resistance, it describes as well the heterogeneity of understandings regarding law. Lastly, the Conclusion revisits the outcomes and literature to propose final reflections about dealing with the margins of law in everyday life.
Inguruak: Soziologia eta zientzia politikoaren euskal aldizkaria = Revista vasca de sociología y ciencia política, 2010
and last but extremely important, at the Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales (CIJS), t... more and last but extremely important, at the Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales (CIJS), the Department of Sociology of Law-UNC in Córdoba-Argentina and the Human Rights Office of the Supreme Court of Justice in Cordoba, in particular Wilfrido Perez for his trust and support. I am extremely grateful to all of those colleagues who became friends and to all the friends who became co-workers. I tried to write a list of names, but it seemed unfair to set an order or even to run the risk of forgetting someone. I trust they know by now how important they have been for this process. Thanks for your encouragement, your words of comfort and support, for picking the best out of my thoughts, ideas and attitudes and for pointing out better ways of being in the academia and more generally in this world. A special thanks for those who helped me face the challenge of writing in a foreign language; thanks Adrian Smith, Kate Hardy, Lucero Ibarra, Sue Dyson and Paul O'Connell for taking the time to check the language and translations at parts and bits on this thesis. None of this would have been possible without the unconditional spiritual support of friends and family, of all those who have been loving and caring to me, of those who might not be around but still guide my path, of the new arrivals who came to fill my life with light and joy. To all of them: thank you for joining me in this restless, impatient, continuing, and hopeful inquiry. You are in all that might be good in it. And for what might not be good, your insights and generosity have made me confident in inventing and reinventing the multiple collective ways through the endless journey of knowledge.
This article looks at the way sex workers in Cordoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginaliz... more This article looks at the way sex workers in Cordoba, Argentina, have dealt with legal marginalization, focusing on their understandings and associated practices of resistance. Sex workers position in law shows the group is on the margins of law, which means that their activity is not considered to be legal but is not illegal either. Since 2000 a group of sex workers started to organize to stop the constant detentions and humiliations by police officers. The organization called AMMAR (Asociacion de Mujeres Meretrices Argentinas) implied a major shift from an oppression of consciousness to a consciousness of oppression, modifying in this process the terms of their resistance from mere tactics of survival to a struggle for redefinition of their position in law and society. This article firstly explores the idea of margins of law, consciousness, power and resistance, and also describes the regulation of sex work in the city of Cordoba; secondly, it refers to sex workers experiences, pe...
International Journal of Law in Context, 2017
The Journal of Social Policy Studies, 2014
This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at ... more This paper analyzes legal ambiguity as a site of power and resistance; in particular it looks at the experiences of organized sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina in their encounter with police discretion. This focus is currently relevant in light of the rapid expansion in the vague and ambiguous local norms being used to govern large populations. Legal ambiguity can be seen as a site of power. The existing literature on police discretion has tended to focus particularly on the amount of freedom police officers should have in deciding how and whether to enforce the law. This paper engages in the less proliferous, but essential, discussion on the role of law in creating new opportunities for arbitrariness and oppression. Moreover, legal ambiguity is also a site of resistance. Social actors are not passive recipients of top-down policies and that same ambiguity may, for some, become an opportunity to struggle for better conditions. In that sense, the experience of sex workers in Córdoba-Argentina reveals the kind of strategic tactics being used to deal with the abusive practices of the police. The last section of this paper will describe the series of events that prompted a new shift in relations between sex workers and the police as a consequence of a neo-abolitionist wave.
Inguruak Soziologia Eta Zientzia Politikoaren Euskal Aldizkaria Revista Vasca De Sociologia Y Ciencia Politica, 2014
Culture, Health & Sexuality, 2015
The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex w... more The aim of this paper is to contribute to understanding of legal models that aim to control sex work, and the policy implications of these, by discussing the experience of developing a grassroots legislation bill proposal by organised sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina. The term 'grassroots legislation' here refers to a legal response that derives from the active involvement of local social movements and thus incorporates the experiential knowledge and claims of these particular social groupings in the proposal. The experience described in this paper excludes approaches that render sex workers as passive victims or as deviant perpetrators; instead, it conceives of sex workers in terms of their political subjectivity and of political subjectivity in its capacity to speak, to decide, to act and to propose. This means challenging current patterns of knowledge/power that give superiority to 'expert knowledge' above and beyond the claims, experiences, knowledge and needs of sex workers themselves as meaningful sources for law making.
Este artículo procura introducir el dossier 'Justicia y Vulnerabilidad(es). Acceso a la justi... more Este artículo procura introducir el dossier 'Justicia y Vulnerabilidad(es). Acceso a la justicia de personas<br> con discapacidad, personas mayores y niños, niñas y adolescentes' de la Revista Argumentos. Esta edición<br> especial agrupa una serie de artículos desarrollados por participantes de los equipos de investigaciónacción para el acceso a la justicia de sectores en condición de vulnerabilidad -Proyecto AJuV- de la Oficina<br> de Derechos Humanos y Justicia del Poder Judicial de Córdoba. Para ello, se abordan los lineamientos<br> generales que marcan las tendencias actuales en torno al acceso a la justicia. Luego, se desarrolla,<br> sintéticamente, el objetivo y método del Proyecto AJuV, para finalmente comentar brevemente los<br> artículos que encontrarán en el dossier<br>
Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior ... more Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior de los feminismos, como con otras áreas de circulación de saberes, proponemos en este trabajo una serie de reflexiones breves en torno a la construcción discursiva por la cual las personas trabajadoras sexuales quedaron fuera del registro: "la prostitución no es trabajo". No nos interesa aquí abrevar en la discusión dogmática al respecto, sino más bien analizar desde una lectura decolonial las nociones dicotómicas propias de la modernidad/colonialidad que habitan en esta afirmación. Esta lectura pone de relieve las profundas desigualdades sociales, económicas y epistémicas que se reproducen en la decisión de excluir al trabajo sexual del registro público que habilita, entre otras cuestiones, a solicitar una ayuda de emergencia ante la crisis alimentaria y habitacional del sector.Fil: Fassi, Marisa Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Peñas Defago, Maria Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentin
Problemas en torno a la desigualdad: Un enfoque poliédrico, 2020
Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior ... more Sin desconocer la complejidad del histórico debate en torno al trabajo sexual, tanto al interior de los feminismos, como con otras áreas de circulación de saberes, proponemos en este trabajo una serie de reflexiones breves en torno a la construcción discursiva por la cual las personas trabajadoras sexuales quedaron fuera del registro: "la prostitución no es trabajo". No nos interesa aquí abrevar en la discusión dogmática al respecto, sino más bien analizar desde una lectura decolonial las nociones dicotómicas propias de la modernidad/colonialidad que habitan en esta afirmación. Esta lectura pone de relieve las profundas desigualdades sociales, económicas y epistémicas que se reproducen en la decisión de excluir al trabajo sexual del registro público que habilita, entre otras cuestiones, a solicitar una ayuda de emergencia ante la crisis alimentaria y habitacional del sector.Fil: Fassi, Marisa Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Peñas Defago, Maria Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales; Argentin
Transnational Legal Theory, 2021
ABSTRACT Recent scholarship on transnational law has emphasised how the proliferation and fragmen... more ABSTRACT Recent scholarship on transnational law has emphasised how the proliferation and fragmentation of normative orders, legal forms, and transnational actors are transforming the nature and authority of law in the contemporary global context. This Introduction presents what we term translocal legalities—emergent forms of normativity that are constituted through grounded encounters with local and transnational legal practices, discourses, subjectivities, and forms of resistance. By coining this new term, we seek to shift the gaze of transnational legal scholarship away from a top-down mapping of the structures of global law. Centring our analysis on the phenomenology of the encounter, we develop an analytical and empirical approach to understanding these encounters by focusing on how law is constituted not solely within traditional legal organisations and institutions, but through the everyday practices, discourses, and subjectivities of those mediating local, national and transnational norms.