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Do different conditions and methods of presentation affect the likelihood of eliciting false memo... more Do different conditions and methods of presentation affect the likelihood of eliciting false memories? We divided subjects into groups of three to eight and presented them with lists of associated words. We tested them to observe how accurately they could recall the studied words, and how often they recalled related but not studied words ("false memories"). Half of the groups were tested individually, and the other half was tested collaboratively. All groups were presented with the same four lists, but with different rates and modalities. In our collected data, we found that all four of our variables (sex, rate, modality, and testing conditions) affected false memories. The results were analyzed in regards to reducing false memory in real life.

Cancer, 1977

No. 2 TUBE LA1 ASSAY IN BREAST CANCER Flores et al. A , . , .A,

Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, 1980

Antitumor immunity assayed by tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) is suppressed during and ... more Antitumor immunity assayed by tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) is suppressed during and for up to 1–3 weeks after surgery. The results of this study suggest that when cortisol is elevated above physiologic levels by the stress of surgery this has a marked suppressive effect on the LAI-reactive cell. Cortisol added to the in vitro tube LAI assay had a two-phase effect. Cortisol at concentrations about two-fold above physiologic levels inhibited the sensitization of the peripheral blood leukocytes with cytophilic IgG antitumor antibody; however, if the cell was already armed, the cortisol did not negate its LAI reactivity. Higher concentrations of cortisol had a direct inhibitory effect on the LAI-reactive cells' ability to react with tumor antigen whether or not the cells were armed. In addition, the in vivo elevation of cortisol by the administration of cortisone acetate to LAI-positive patients inhibited the LAI reactivity of their leukocytes. Stress-induced elevation of cortisol by surgery may have an adverse effect on resistance to tumor growth, and the extent of the immunodepression may be one of the variables in the difference in survival of patients with cancers with similar degrees of invasion.

Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, 1978

The intensity of cortisol binding was measured in the cytosol fraction of the primary tumor obtai... more The intensity of cortisol binding was measured in the cytosol fraction of the primary tumor obtained from 50 patients with stage I and II breast cancer. The state of cellular antitumor immunity of the same patients was investigated by the tube leucocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test, performed with peripheral blood leucocytes 1–2 days preoperatively. It was found that the intensity of tumor cortisol binding correlates negatively with LAI values. Patients with high cortisol binding in their tumors have low LAI values, while low tumor cortisol binding is associated with higher antitumor immunity. The results suggest that high cortisol binding in the tumor might inhibit the tumor recognition process and/or the cellular immune defense mechanism and thus facilitate cancer development.