mikyong kim - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by mikyong kim

Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders

The aim of this case study was to examine whether Multiple Oral Rereading (MOR) treatment was eff... more The aim of this case study was to examine whether Multiple Oral Rereading (MOR) treatment was effective in improving the reading accuracy, rate, and comprehension of text-level materials in an individual presenting with deep alexia, moderate nonfluent aphasia, and moderate apraxia of speech. Method: As in the standard MOR treatment procedures used in earlier studies (e.g., Beeson, 1998), the participant repeatedly read aloud a short story during treatment sessions and as homework until he met the treatment criterion. Then a new story was introduced. In the present study, oral reading accuracy was used as the treatment criterion instead of oral reading rate, which was used in earlier studies. The data consisted of oral reading accuracy, oral reading rate, and reading comprehension of the treatment materials as well as pre-and posttreatment assessment of oral reading accuracy and reading comprehension on external measures. Results: Our participant's oral reading accuracy improved in both the treatment context and on external measures. However, his oral reading rate during treatment and his reading comprehension of treatment stories and external measures did not reveal meaningful changes. Conclusions: The effect of the MOR treatment was limited in improving the reading ability of a client with deep alexia, Broca's aphasia, and apraxia of speech. Based on our review of past studies, we discuss the candidacy requirements and considerations for procedural modifications in adopting MOR treatment in clinical practice.

The Journal of Higher Education

Korean Journal of Physical, Multiple, & Health Disabilities

Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011

Journal of Negro Education, 2011

education policy analysis archives, 2004

Utilizing hierarchical linear models, this study of 144 private schools (72 Catholic and 72 non-C... more Utilizing hierarchical linear models, this study of 144 private schools (72 Catholic and 72 non-Catholic schools) drawn from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 discovered that Catholic school students scored lower in reading than students at non-Catholic private schools. Analysis of internal school characteristics suggested that lower growth in reading achievement might be related in part to lower student morale in Catholic schools. However, we found no significant differences between Catholic and non-Catholic private secondary schools in the development of students' math, history/social studies, and science abilities from eighth to tenth grades. This study also identified important student- and school-level variables such as Catholicism, gender, risk factor, parental involvement, and enrollment size that help to explain the outcomes.

Frauenarbeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beruf und Familie, 2000

Frauenarbeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beruf und Familie, 2000

Frauenarbeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beruf und Familie, 2000

The Review of Higher Education, 2002

Brain and Language, 2004

This study examined the nature of verb deficits in 14 individuals with probable Alzheimer's Disea... more This study examined the nature of verb deficits in 14 individuals with probable Alzheimer's Disease (PrAD) and nine with agrammatic aphasia. Production was tested, controlling both semantic and syntactic features of verbs, using noun and verb naming, sentence completion, and narrative tasks. Noun and verb comprehension and a grammaticality judgment task also were administered. Results showed that while both PrAD and agrammatic subjects showed impaired verb naming, the syntactic features of verbs (i.e., argument structure) influenced agrammatic, but not Alzheimer's disease patients' verb production ability. That is, agrammatic patients showed progressively greater difficulty with verbs associated with more arguments, as has been shown in previous studies (e.g., Kim & Thompson, 2000; Thompson, 2003; Thompson, Lange, Schneider, & Shapiro, 1997), and suggest a syntactic basis for verb production deficits in agrammatism. Conversely, the semantic complexity of verbs affected PrAD, but not agrammatic, patients' performance, suggesting "bottom-up" breakdown in their verb lexicon, paralleling that of nouns, resulting from the degradation or loss of semantic features of verbs.

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, 2009

Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructi... more Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructive challenges. Various autografts and alloplastic materials in conjunction with standard soft-tissue techniques have been used in the reconstruction of these types of defects. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semicrystalline polyaromatic linear polymer exhibiting an excellent combination of strength, stiffness, durability, and environmental resistance. Recent investigations of PEEK as a biomaterial resulted in the successful treatment of cervical disk disease. We describe a series of 4 patients whose defects were reconstructed using customized PEEK implants. All had excellent postoperative aesthetic and functional results without complications such as infections or extrusions. Because PEEK implants are customizable, easily workable, inert, and nonporous, they represent an ideal alloplastic material for maxillofacial reconstruction.

Archives of Facial Plastic …, 2007

To report an approach to facial paralysis in patients for whom dynamic adjacent muscle transfer i... more To report an approach to facial paralysis in patients for whom dynamic adjacent muscle transfer is determined to be the best treatment option. Methods: Retrospective review of 7 consecutive patients who underwent orthodromic transfer of the temporalis muscle insertion for the treatment of longstanding facial paralysis. Patients underwent facialretraining physical therapy before and shortly after the procedure. Outcomes measured included patient satisfaction, objective measurements of oral commissure elevation with smiling, and physician grading of preoperative and postoperative patient photographs. Medical records were reviewed for complications. Results: Patient satisfaction was high, with a mean score of 8.5 (possible score of 10). Four patients were physician graded as excellent to superb. The other 3 patients were rated as having good postoperative results. Movement was identified in every patient and ranged from 1.6 to 8.5 mm, with mean movement of the oral commissure of 4.2 mm. One patient developed postoperative salivary fluid collection that required drainage. Conclusions: Temporalis tendon transfer is a relatively easy procedure to perform that has distinct advantages compared with other forms of facial reanimation and provides very good results. This procedure results in improved form and function, may often be performed in a minimally invasive manner, and eliminates the facial asymmetry typically produced by temporalis transfer.

Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2009

Background: Medication adherence is suboptimal, and clinicians and researchers struggle with iden... more Background: Medication adherence is suboptimal, and clinicians and researchers struggle with identifying nonadherent patients. Various measures of medication adherence exist, but there is controversy regarding which measures provide acceptable data and how nonadherence should be defined. Objective: To assess agreement among patient self-report, pharmacy refill, and electronic adherence measures and compare the sensitivity and specificity of different cut-points for defining nonadherence. Methods: Data were analyzed from 2 similarly designed randomized controlled trials that assessed a pharmacist's intervention to improve medication adherence among patients with hypertension or heart failure. For each participant, adherence was measured by patient self-report, prescription refill records, and electronic lids on medication containers. Agreement among measures was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient rho. Correlation coefficients were compared by patient characteri...

Brain and Language, 2000

This study examined the relationship between verb retrieval and verb-argumentstructure properties... more This study examined the relationship between verb retrieval and verb-argumentstructure properties in seven agrammatic aphasic patients using tasks requiring access to the verb's lexicon for both comprehension-and productionlike processes. Results showed intact comprehension of both nouns and verbs and noun naming, but impaired naming of verbs. Subjects also demonstrated near-normal performance on a grammaticality judgment task involving verb-argument-structure violations but were impaired in categorizing verbs by type (based on number of obligatory arguments). In both naming and categorization conditions, a hierarchy of verb difficulty emerged. Subjects were more accurate in naming/categorizing one-place verbs than two-place verbs and more accurate in naming/categorizing two-place verbs than three-place verbs. The pattern of selective impairment in lexical access/retrieval supports the hypothesis that one dimension of normal lexical organization is by form class. The results also suggest that no necessary relationship exists between production difficulties and comprehension of nouns/verbs in agrammatism. Further, the performance pattern noted supports the claim that verb-argument-structure properties, an important component of the verb lexicon, influence verb production at the single-word and at the sentence level. Subjects' performance on different tasks suggests that the locus of breakdown in the verb-retrieval processes for productionlike tasks may be in accessing information at the lemma level of representation as per Bock's model (1995) of sentence production.

Neuronal development and plasticity are maintained by tightly regulated gene expression programs.... more Neuronal development and plasticity are maintained by tightly regulated gene expression programs. Here, we report that the developmentally regulated microRNA miR-375 affects dendrite formation and maintenance. miR-375 overexpression in mouse hippocampus potently reduced dendrite density. We identified the predominantly neuronal RNA-binding protein HuD as a key effector of miR-375 influence on dendrite maintenance. Heterologous reporter analysis verified that miR-375 repressed HuD expression through a specific, evolutionarily conserved site on the HuD 3 untranslated region. miR-375 overexpression lowered both HuD mRNA stability and translation and recapitulated the effects of HuD silencing, which reduced the levels of target proteins with key functions in neuronal signaling and cytoskeleton organization (N-cadherin, PSD-95, RhoA, NCAM1, and integrin ␣1). Moreover, the increase in neurite outgrowth after brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) treatment was diminished by miR-375 overexpression; this effect was rescued by reexpression of miR-375-refractory HuD. Our findings indicate that miR-375 modulates neuronal HuD expression and function, in turn affecting dendrite abundance.

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, 2009

Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructi... more Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructive challenges. Various autografts and alloplastic materials in conjunction with standard soft-tissue techniques have been used in the reconstruction of these types of defects. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semicrystalline polyaromatic linear polymer exhibiting an excellent combination of strength, stiffness, durability, and environmental resistance. Recent investigations of PEEK as a biomaterial resulted in the successful treatment of cervical disk disease. We describe a series of 4 patients whose defects were reconstructed using customized PEEK implants. All had excellent postoperative aesthetic and functional results without complications such as infections or extrusions. Because PEEK implants are customizable, easily workable, inert, and nonporous, they represent an ideal alloplastic material for maxillofacial reconstruction.

Clinical cancer …, 2004

Purpose: Mitochondria are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Although mitochondrial function... more Purpose: Mitochondria are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Although mitochondrial function decreases with oxidative damage, overall mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content increases to compensate for general mitochondrial dysfunction. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction for genes specific to mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to investigate relative mitochondrial abundance in a spectrum of dysplastic head and neck lesions. Experimental Design: DNA from mild, moderate, and severe dysplasias, as well as invasive tumors and normal mucosal cells, was extracted. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, mitochondrial to nuclear DNA ratios were determined by quantification of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CoxI) and ␤-actin genes. Results: Mean CoxI/␤-actin DNA ratios for mild, moderate, and severe premalignant lesions were 0.0529, 0.0607, and 0.1021, respectively. The mean ratio for the normal mucosal cells contained in saliva was 0.0537, whereas the mean ratio for tumors was 0.1667. As a whole, our experimental model demonstrated significance (P ‫؍‬ 0.0358). Comparisons between individual categories showed borderline significance when compared with the normal group, with P values of 0.0673, 0.0747, and 0.0824 for moderate and severe dysplasia and invasive tumor, respectively. Conclusions: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas arise through premalignant intermediates and may be merely morphologic manifestations of accumulated genetic alterations. In keeping with this molecular tumor progression model, our study shows that mtDNA increases according to histopathologic grade, a phenomenon that may be a feedback mechanism that compensates for a generalized decline in respiratory chain function. Therefore, high mtDNA content may be another marker of genetic alteration, a measure of relative DNA injury, and a surrogate measure of histopathologic grade.

Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders

The aim of this case study was to examine whether Multiple Oral Rereading (MOR) treatment was eff... more The aim of this case study was to examine whether Multiple Oral Rereading (MOR) treatment was effective in improving the reading accuracy, rate, and comprehension of text-level materials in an individual presenting with deep alexia, moderate nonfluent aphasia, and moderate apraxia of speech. Method: As in the standard MOR treatment procedures used in earlier studies (e.g., Beeson, 1998), the participant repeatedly read aloud a short story during treatment sessions and as homework until he met the treatment criterion. Then a new story was introduced. In the present study, oral reading accuracy was used as the treatment criterion instead of oral reading rate, which was used in earlier studies. The data consisted of oral reading accuracy, oral reading rate, and reading comprehension of the treatment materials as well as pre-and posttreatment assessment of oral reading accuracy and reading comprehension on external measures. Results: Our participant's oral reading accuracy improved in both the treatment context and on external measures. However, his oral reading rate during treatment and his reading comprehension of treatment stories and external measures did not reveal meaningful changes. Conclusions: The effect of the MOR treatment was limited in improving the reading ability of a client with deep alexia, Broca's aphasia, and apraxia of speech. Based on our review of past studies, we discuss the candidacy requirements and considerations for procedural modifications in adopting MOR treatment in clinical practice.

The Journal of Higher Education

Korean Journal of Physical, Multiple, & Health Disabilities

Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011

Journal of Negro Education, 2011

education policy analysis archives, 2004

Utilizing hierarchical linear models, this study of 144 private schools (72 Catholic and 72 non-C... more Utilizing hierarchical linear models, this study of 144 private schools (72 Catholic and 72 non-Catholic schools) drawn from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 discovered that Catholic school students scored lower in reading than students at non-Catholic private schools. Analysis of internal school characteristics suggested that lower growth in reading achievement might be related in part to lower student morale in Catholic schools. However, we found no significant differences between Catholic and non-Catholic private secondary schools in the development of students' math, history/social studies, and science abilities from eighth to tenth grades. This study also identified important student- and school-level variables such as Catholicism, gender, risk factor, parental involvement, and enrollment size that help to explain the outcomes.

Frauenarbeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beruf und Familie, 2000

Frauenarbeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beruf und Familie, 2000

Frauenarbeit im Spannungsfeld zwischen Beruf und Familie, 2000

The Review of Higher Education, 2002

Brain and Language, 2004

This study examined the nature of verb deficits in 14 individuals with probable Alzheimer's Disea... more This study examined the nature of verb deficits in 14 individuals with probable Alzheimer's Disease (PrAD) and nine with agrammatic aphasia. Production was tested, controlling both semantic and syntactic features of verbs, using noun and verb naming, sentence completion, and narrative tasks. Noun and verb comprehension and a grammaticality judgment task also were administered. Results showed that while both PrAD and agrammatic subjects showed impaired verb naming, the syntactic features of verbs (i.e., argument structure) influenced agrammatic, but not Alzheimer's disease patients' verb production ability. That is, agrammatic patients showed progressively greater difficulty with verbs associated with more arguments, as has been shown in previous studies (e.g., Kim & Thompson, 2000; Thompson, 2003; Thompson, Lange, Schneider, & Shapiro, 1997), and suggest a syntactic basis for verb production deficits in agrammatism. Conversely, the semantic complexity of verbs affected PrAD, but not agrammatic, patients' performance, suggesting "bottom-up" breakdown in their verb lexicon, paralleling that of nouns, resulting from the degradation or loss of semantic features of verbs.

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, 2009

Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructi... more Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructive challenges. Various autografts and alloplastic materials in conjunction with standard soft-tissue techniques have been used in the reconstruction of these types of defects. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semicrystalline polyaromatic linear polymer exhibiting an excellent combination of strength, stiffness, durability, and environmental resistance. Recent investigations of PEEK as a biomaterial resulted in the successful treatment of cervical disk disease. We describe a series of 4 patients whose defects were reconstructed using customized PEEK implants. All had excellent postoperative aesthetic and functional results without complications such as infections or extrusions. Because PEEK implants are customizable, easily workable, inert, and nonporous, they represent an ideal alloplastic material for maxillofacial reconstruction.

Archives of Facial Plastic …, 2007

To report an approach to facial paralysis in patients for whom dynamic adjacent muscle transfer i... more To report an approach to facial paralysis in patients for whom dynamic adjacent muscle transfer is determined to be the best treatment option. Methods: Retrospective review of 7 consecutive patients who underwent orthodromic transfer of the temporalis muscle insertion for the treatment of longstanding facial paralysis. Patients underwent facialretraining physical therapy before and shortly after the procedure. Outcomes measured included patient satisfaction, objective measurements of oral commissure elevation with smiling, and physician grading of preoperative and postoperative patient photographs. Medical records were reviewed for complications. Results: Patient satisfaction was high, with a mean score of 8.5 (possible score of 10). Four patients were physician graded as excellent to superb. The other 3 patients were rated as having good postoperative results. Movement was identified in every patient and ranged from 1.6 to 8.5 mm, with mean movement of the oral commissure of 4.2 mm. One patient developed postoperative salivary fluid collection that required drainage. Conclusions: Temporalis tendon transfer is a relatively easy procedure to perform that has distinct advantages compared with other forms of facial reanimation and provides very good results. This procedure results in improved form and function, may often be performed in a minimally invasive manner, and eliminates the facial asymmetry typically produced by temporalis transfer.

Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2009

Background: Medication adherence is suboptimal, and clinicians and researchers struggle with iden... more Background: Medication adherence is suboptimal, and clinicians and researchers struggle with identifying nonadherent patients. Various measures of medication adherence exist, but there is controversy regarding which measures provide acceptable data and how nonadherence should be defined. Objective: To assess agreement among patient self-report, pharmacy refill, and electronic adherence measures and compare the sensitivity and specificity of different cut-points for defining nonadherence. Methods: Data were analyzed from 2 similarly designed randomized controlled trials that assessed a pharmacist's intervention to improve medication adherence among patients with hypertension or heart failure. For each participant, adherence was measured by patient self-report, prescription refill records, and electronic lids on medication containers. Agreement among measures was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient rho. Correlation coefficients were compared by patient characteri...

Brain and Language, 2000

This study examined the relationship between verb retrieval and verb-argumentstructure properties... more This study examined the relationship between verb retrieval and verb-argumentstructure properties in seven agrammatic aphasic patients using tasks requiring access to the verb's lexicon for both comprehension-and productionlike processes. Results showed intact comprehension of both nouns and verbs and noun naming, but impaired naming of verbs. Subjects also demonstrated near-normal performance on a grammaticality judgment task involving verb-argument-structure violations but were impaired in categorizing verbs by type (based on number of obligatory arguments). In both naming and categorization conditions, a hierarchy of verb difficulty emerged. Subjects were more accurate in naming/categorizing one-place verbs than two-place verbs and more accurate in naming/categorizing two-place verbs than three-place verbs. The pattern of selective impairment in lexical access/retrieval supports the hypothesis that one dimension of normal lexical organization is by form class. The results also suggest that no necessary relationship exists between production difficulties and comprehension of nouns/verbs in agrammatism. Further, the performance pattern noted supports the claim that verb-argument-structure properties, an important component of the verb lexicon, influence verb production at the single-word and at the sentence level. Subjects' performance on different tasks suggests that the locus of breakdown in the verb-retrieval processes for productionlike tasks may be in accessing information at the lemma level of representation as per Bock's model (1995) of sentence production.

Neuronal development and plasticity are maintained by tightly regulated gene expression programs.... more Neuronal development and plasticity are maintained by tightly regulated gene expression programs. Here, we report that the developmentally regulated microRNA miR-375 affects dendrite formation and maintenance. miR-375 overexpression in mouse hippocampus potently reduced dendrite density. We identified the predominantly neuronal RNA-binding protein HuD as a key effector of miR-375 influence on dendrite maintenance. Heterologous reporter analysis verified that miR-375 repressed HuD expression through a specific, evolutionarily conserved site on the HuD 3 untranslated region. miR-375 overexpression lowered both HuD mRNA stability and translation and recapitulated the effects of HuD silencing, which reduced the levels of target proteins with key functions in neuronal signaling and cytoskeleton organization (N-cadherin, PSD-95, RhoA, NCAM1, and integrin ␣1). Moreover, the increase in neurite outgrowth after brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) treatment was diminished by miR-375 overexpression; this effect was rescued by reexpression of miR-375-refractory HuD. Our findings indicate that miR-375 modulates neuronal HuD expression and function, in turn affecting dendrite abundance.

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, 2009

Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructi... more Extensive maxillofacial defects resulting from trauma or oncologic resection present reconstructive challenges. Various autografts and alloplastic materials in conjunction with standard soft-tissue techniques have been used in the reconstruction of these types of defects. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semicrystalline polyaromatic linear polymer exhibiting an excellent combination of strength, stiffness, durability, and environmental resistance. Recent investigations of PEEK as a biomaterial resulted in the successful treatment of cervical disk disease. We describe a series of 4 patients whose defects were reconstructed using customized PEEK implants. All had excellent postoperative aesthetic and functional results without complications such as infections or extrusions. Because PEEK implants are customizable, easily workable, inert, and nonporous, they represent an ideal alloplastic material for maxillofacial reconstruction.

Clinical cancer …, 2004

Purpose: Mitochondria are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Although mitochondrial function... more Purpose: Mitochondria are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Although mitochondrial function decreases with oxidative damage, overall mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content increases to compensate for general mitochondrial dysfunction. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction for genes specific to mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to investigate relative mitochondrial abundance in a spectrum of dysplastic head and neck lesions. Experimental Design: DNA from mild, moderate, and severe dysplasias, as well as invasive tumors and normal mucosal cells, was extracted. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, mitochondrial to nuclear DNA ratios were determined by quantification of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CoxI) and ␤-actin genes. Results: Mean CoxI/␤-actin DNA ratios for mild, moderate, and severe premalignant lesions were 0.0529, 0.0607, and 0.1021, respectively. The mean ratio for the normal mucosal cells contained in saliva was 0.0537, whereas the mean ratio for tumors was 0.1667. As a whole, our experimental model demonstrated significance (P ‫؍‬ 0.0358). Comparisons between individual categories showed borderline significance when compared with the normal group, with P values of 0.0673, 0.0747, and 0.0824 for moderate and severe dysplasia and invasive tumor, respectively. Conclusions: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas arise through premalignant intermediates and may be merely morphologic manifestations of accumulated genetic alterations. In keeping with this molecular tumor progression model, our study shows that mtDNA increases according to histopathologic grade, a phenomenon that may be a feedback mechanism that compensates for a generalized decline in respiratory chain function. Therefore, high mtDNA content may be another marker of genetic alteration, a measure of relative DNA injury, and a surrogate measure of histopathologic grade.