mugur raut - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by mugur raut

In this paper I propose a correction to the well-known Newtonian gravitational potential, a corre... more In this paper I propose a correction to the well-known Newtonian gravitational potential, a correction which explains the form of the radial velocities as a function of the discoid galaxies radii. The main scope of this work is to find a correction to the Newtonian gravitational potential which has to fulfil two major conditions: a) to take into account the entire amount of the experimental data; b) the resulting potential to be a consequence of condition a) from a physical perspective. As a result, the corrected form of the Newtonian gravitational potential was found to belong to a physical cause and this cause can be the existence of the dark matter, evenly distributed within galaxies. This distribution makes dark matter to act as a binder for ordinary matter, so that the discoid galaxies not rotate as a fluid (as standard Newtonian theory states), but as some rigid frames (as the observational data state).

In this paper we propose another proof for Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT). We found a simpler approa... more In this paper we propose another proof for Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT). We found a simpler approach through Pythagorean Theorem, so our demonstration would be close to the times FLT was formulated. On the other hand it seems the Pythagoras' Theorem was the inspiration for FLT. It resulted one of the most difficult mathematical problem of all times, as it was considered. Pythagorean triples existence seems to support the claims of the previous phrase.

In the Weyl-Dirac non-relativistic hydrodynamics approach, the non-linear interaction between sub... more In the Weyl-Dirac non-relativistic hydrodynamics approach, the non-linear interaction between sub-quantum level and particle gives non-differentiable properties to the space. Therefore, the movement trajectories are fractal curves, the dynamics are described by a complex speed field and the equation of motion is identified with the geodesics of a fractal space which corresponds to a Schrödinger non-linear equation. The real part of the complex speed field assures, through a quantification condition, the compatibility between the Weyl-Dirac non-elativistic hydrodynamic model and the wave mechanics. The mean value of the fractal speed potential, identifies with the Shanon informational energy, specifies, by a maximization principle, that the sub-quantum level " stores " and " transfers " the informational energy in the form of force. The wave-particle duality is achieved by means of cnoidal oscillations modes of the state density, the dominance of one of the characters, wave or particle, being put into correspondence with two flow regimes (non-quasi-autonomous and quasi-autonomous) of the Weyl-Dirac fluid. All these show a direct connection between the fractal structure of space and holographic principle.

The aim of this paper is to establish a synthetic form for Bernoulli's law concerning an adiabati... more The aim of this paper is to establish a synthetic form for Bernoulli's law concerning an adiabatic ideal gas flow and to apply it to the expanding universe. Unfortunately, the obtained law is not applicable to the expansion of the universe, but it is applicable only to ordinary cases of fluid mechanics.

By using an unexpected approach it results a general form for the electric field lines equation. ... more By using an unexpected approach it results a general form for the electric field lines equation. It is a general formula, a derivative-integral equation structured as a multi-pole expansion series. By solving this equation we can find the electric field lines expressions for any type of an axially symmetric multi-pole continuous electric charge distributions we interested in, without the need to take again the calculus from the beginning for each case particularly, for instance as in discrete charge distribution case.

In this paper the spatial two-body problem in a Newtonian non-inertial frame of reference is anal... more In this paper the spatial two-body problem in a Newtonian non-inertial frame of reference is analyzed. The Lagrange's equations of elliptical movement are established and applied to estimate the advance of perihelion in this case. Finally the theoretical results are compared with the observational results.

In this paper I propose an explanation of the double slit experiment results, considered in a gen... more In this paper I propose an explanation of the double slit experiment results, considered in a general form, in terms of the Doppler effect, as a consequence of applying the complementarity principle. It is shown that, if we accept the fact that both particle and wave are manifestations of the same conceptual whole, in the general form of the particle-wave dualism, then the Doppler effect will be a manifestation for both wave and particle, and the double slit experiment will be a qualitative illustration of this fact.

The aim of this paper is to propose a new theory about the Eötvös effect. We develop a mathematic... more The aim of this paper is to propose a new theory about the Eötvös effect. We develop a mathematical model which aloud us a better understanding of this effect. From the equation of motion the Eötvös term could arise naturally without supplementary assumptions. The Eötvös force and the Coriolis force are the vertical and horizontal projections of a force generated by the circular motion. Under these circumstances we can conceive the Eötvös effect like a vertical Coriolis effect. In addition we have deduced the Eötvös term from centrifugal force, classic hypothesis. The cosine function appears only due to spherical coordinates and express the variation of centrifugal force with altitude.

Following some older ideas, an equivalent for the cosmological constant in classical mechanics it... more Following some older ideas, an equivalent for the cosmological constant in classical mechanics it was found. In our development, this Newtonian equivalent for the cosmological constant appears in a natural way into Friedmann first equation.

The present paper analyzes the morphogenesis of gravitational structures, assuming that dynamics ... more The present paper analyzes the morphogenesis of gravitational structures, assuming that dynamics of a test particle in a gravitational field takes place on continuous but non-differentiable curves. The dynamics of such gravitational system is described by an equation for a complex speed that characterizes its rheological behavior. Moreover, the separation of movements on interaction scales in the dynamics equation implies a non-differentiable hydrodynamical model. Finally, such an approach was applied both to one and two body problems and, via numerical simulation, to the morphogenesis of gravitational structures. Consequently, quantization at intragalactic (Solar System) and extragalactic scales (Tifft's effect) as well as certain modifications of Newton's force occur. At the same time there is a tendency to form gravitational structures at any epoch, without inflationary phase.

This paper shows that the variation of certain fundamental constants is practically impossible in... more This paper shows that the variation of certain fundamental constants is practically impossible in a physical time frame of reference. We can have as many time frames of reference we want but when we transform them all into physical time frames of reference, with time as a measure of movement, physical equations retain their form and meaning and values of certain physical quantities and fundamental constants are the same. Therefore the question of variation of certain fundamental constants is only possible for those frames of reference other than physical time.

This paper is an attempt to find an answer in the matter of expanding universe from the time vari... more This paper is an attempt to find an answer in the matter of expanding universe from the time variance of the gravitational constant point of view. We took as reference the equivalent variation of the gravitational constant of a static universe and report the observational data to it. The equivalent variation of the gravitational constant of a static universe is estimated in a reference universe hypothesis. An expanding force is balanced by an attracting force and this is the basis from which we can establish a formal time variance for the gravitational constant in two cases. The first one correspond to an expanding universe, hence this case can't be a reference for our evaluation. The second case corresponds to a static universe and it is the same as a de Sitter universe. This is the reason why this case can be a reference case. Thus the observational data smaller than our reference theoretical value, are linked to a collapsing universe and the observational data greater than the same reference value are characteristic to an expanding universe.

In the last years, a special attention has been given to the idea that our Universe is embedded i... more In the last years, a special attention has been given to the idea that our Universe is embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime and the matter field confinement on different types of branes has become a challenging subject. In models with bent walls, as the one considered in the present paper devoted to massive bosons evolving in a 5D manifold with S 3 ×R four-dimensional slices, one can not apply the superpotential formalism to generate solutions. Instead, we are using the Cartan formalism, in the same manner as on the four dimensional manifolds. By solving the system of Einstein equations in the bulk with a source made of a perfect fluid in a comoving frame, we derive the warp factor, the entalpy density and the corresponding state equation. Next, we turn to the five-dimensional Gordon-type equation and write down its solutions along the fifth dimension as well as the orthonormal complete set of solutions on S 3 and the scalar field propagator. Finally, we get the discrete energy spectrum characterizing the scalars evolving in Einstein's Universe in terms of the allowed scalar mass spectrum in the brane.

In-water quenching technique, which is the preparation procedure of conventional amorphous wires ... more In-water quenching technique, which is the preparation procedure of conventional amorphous wires (CAW), induces internal stresses in the material. These stresses, coupled with magnetostriction, give rise to large magnetoelastic anisotropies. Using the calculated distribution of internal stresses, the aim of this work is to evaluate the theoretical distribution of magnetoelastic anisotropies of CAW with positive, negative and nearly zero magnetostriction. The anisotropy constants were calculated as functions of wire dimensions, taking into account that the influence of wire length is neglected. Consequently, we elaborate two simple calculation programs which enable us to calculate the magnetoelastic distribution in every point of wire radius, for any magnetostriction, positive, negative or nearly zero, and any values of parameters and physical quantities involved.

In this paper we initiate a study concerning the influence of demagnetizing energy on conventiona... more In this paper we initiate a study concerning the influence of demagnetizing energy on conventional amorphous wires' (CAW) magnetic anisotropy. Normally, if we want to calculate the magnetic anisotropy of CAW we must take into account the magnetoelastic energy as the most influent energy in the expression of magnetic anisotropy. The importance of this energy is determinant in domain walls creation and, consequently, in amorphous material magnetic behavior. There is a critical value of radius/length ratio for which the effects of demagnetizing field, the field depending on wire form, can't be no more neglected. We have established this ratio. It exhibits a great importance, especially when we wish to avoid these demagnetizing effects and to have a better control of final magnetization. What it counts, undoubtedly, in all applications involving CAW.

This paper is an attempt to generalize the well-known expression of the gravitational potential f... more This paper is an attempt to generalize the well-known expression of the gravitational potential for more than three dimensions. We used the Sneddon-Thornhill approach of the Newton's theorem and then the results are passed through the filter of Poisson's equation. The comparison with other theories implies some restrictions, but the overall results are valid until the experiment will disprove them.

In this paper I propose a correction to the well-known Newtonian gravitational potential, a corre... more In this paper I propose a correction to the well-known Newtonian gravitational potential, a correction which explains the form of the radial velocities as a function of the discoid galaxies radii. The main scope of this work is to find a correction to the Newtonian gravitational potential which has to fulfil two major conditions: a) to take into account the entire amount of the experimental data; b) the resulting potential to be a consequence of condition a) from a physical perspective. As a result, the corrected form of the Newtonian gravitational potential was found to belong to a physical cause and this cause can be the existence of the dark matter, evenly distributed within galaxies. This distribution makes dark matter to act as a binder for ordinary matter, so that the discoid galaxies not rotate as a fluid (as standard Newtonian theory states), but as some rigid frames (as the observational data state).

In this paper we propose another proof for Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT). We found a simpler approa... more In this paper we propose another proof for Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT). We found a simpler approach through Pythagorean Theorem, so our demonstration would be close to the times FLT was formulated. On the other hand it seems the Pythagoras' Theorem was the inspiration for FLT. It resulted one of the most difficult mathematical problem of all times, as it was considered. Pythagorean triples existence seems to support the claims of the previous phrase.

In the Weyl-Dirac non-relativistic hydrodynamics approach, the non-linear interaction between sub... more In the Weyl-Dirac non-relativistic hydrodynamics approach, the non-linear interaction between sub-quantum level and particle gives non-differentiable properties to the space. Therefore, the movement trajectories are fractal curves, the dynamics are described by a complex speed field and the equation of motion is identified with the geodesics of a fractal space which corresponds to a Schrödinger non-linear equation. The real part of the complex speed field assures, through a quantification condition, the compatibility between the Weyl-Dirac non-elativistic hydrodynamic model and the wave mechanics. The mean value of the fractal speed potential, identifies with the Shanon informational energy, specifies, by a maximization principle, that the sub-quantum level " stores " and " transfers " the informational energy in the form of force. The wave-particle duality is achieved by means of cnoidal oscillations modes of the state density, the dominance of one of the characters, wave or particle, being put into correspondence with two flow regimes (non-quasi-autonomous and quasi-autonomous) of the Weyl-Dirac fluid. All these show a direct connection between the fractal structure of space and holographic principle.

The aim of this paper is to establish a synthetic form for Bernoulli's law concerning an adiabati... more The aim of this paper is to establish a synthetic form for Bernoulli's law concerning an adiabatic ideal gas flow and to apply it to the expanding universe. Unfortunately, the obtained law is not applicable to the expansion of the universe, but it is applicable only to ordinary cases of fluid mechanics.

By using an unexpected approach it results a general form for the electric field lines equation. ... more By using an unexpected approach it results a general form for the electric field lines equation. It is a general formula, a derivative-integral equation structured as a multi-pole expansion series. By solving this equation we can find the electric field lines expressions for any type of an axially symmetric multi-pole continuous electric charge distributions we interested in, without the need to take again the calculus from the beginning for each case particularly, for instance as in discrete charge distribution case.

In this paper the spatial two-body problem in a Newtonian non-inertial frame of reference is anal... more In this paper the spatial two-body problem in a Newtonian non-inertial frame of reference is analyzed. The Lagrange's equations of elliptical movement are established and applied to estimate the advance of perihelion in this case. Finally the theoretical results are compared with the observational results.

In this paper I propose an explanation of the double slit experiment results, considered in a gen... more In this paper I propose an explanation of the double slit experiment results, considered in a general form, in terms of the Doppler effect, as a consequence of applying the complementarity principle. It is shown that, if we accept the fact that both particle and wave are manifestations of the same conceptual whole, in the general form of the particle-wave dualism, then the Doppler effect will be a manifestation for both wave and particle, and the double slit experiment will be a qualitative illustration of this fact.

The aim of this paper is to propose a new theory about the Eötvös effect. We develop a mathematic... more The aim of this paper is to propose a new theory about the Eötvös effect. We develop a mathematical model which aloud us a better understanding of this effect. From the equation of motion the Eötvös term could arise naturally without supplementary assumptions. The Eötvös force and the Coriolis force are the vertical and horizontal projections of a force generated by the circular motion. Under these circumstances we can conceive the Eötvös effect like a vertical Coriolis effect. In addition we have deduced the Eötvös term from centrifugal force, classic hypothesis. The cosine function appears only due to spherical coordinates and express the variation of centrifugal force with altitude.

Following some older ideas, an equivalent for the cosmological constant in classical mechanics it... more Following some older ideas, an equivalent for the cosmological constant in classical mechanics it was found. In our development, this Newtonian equivalent for the cosmological constant appears in a natural way into Friedmann first equation.

The present paper analyzes the morphogenesis of gravitational structures, assuming that dynamics ... more The present paper analyzes the morphogenesis of gravitational structures, assuming that dynamics of a test particle in a gravitational field takes place on continuous but non-differentiable curves. The dynamics of such gravitational system is described by an equation for a complex speed that characterizes its rheological behavior. Moreover, the separation of movements on interaction scales in the dynamics equation implies a non-differentiable hydrodynamical model. Finally, such an approach was applied both to one and two body problems and, via numerical simulation, to the morphogenesis of gravitational structures. Consequently, quantization at intragalactic (Solar System) and extragalactic scales (Tifft's effect) as well as certain modifications of Newton's force occur. At the same time there is a tendency to form gravitational structures at any epoch, without inflationary phase.

This paper shows that the variation of certain fundamental constants is practically impossible in... more This paper shows that the variation of certain fundamental constants is practically impossible in a physical time frame of reference. We can have as many time frames of reference we want but when we transform them all into physical time frames of reference, with time as a measure of movement, physical equations retain their form and meaning and values of certain physical quantities and fundamental constants are the same. Therefore the question of variation of certain fundamental constants is only possible for those frames of reference other than physical time.

This paper is an attempt to find an answer in the matter of expanding universe from the time vari... more This paper is an attempt to find an answer in the matter of expanding universe from the time variance of the gravitational constant point of view. We took as reference the equivalent variation of the gravitational constant of a static universe and report the observational data to it. The equivalent variation of the gravitational constant of a static universe is estimated in a reference universe hypothesis. An expanding force is balanced by an attracting force and this is the basis from which we can establish a formal time variance for the gravitational constant in two cases. The first one correspond to an expanding universe, hence this case can't be a reference for our evaluation. The second case corresponds to a static universe and it is the same as a de Sitter universe. This is the reason why this case can be a reference case. Thus the observational data smaller than our reference theoretical value, are linked to a collapsing universe and the observational data greater than the same reference value are characteristic to an expanding universe.

In the last years, a special attention has been given to the idea that our Universe is embedded i... more In the last years, a special attention has been given to the idea that our Universe is embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime and the matter field confinement on different types of branes has become a challenging subject. In models with bent walls, as the one considered in the present paper devoted to massive bosons evolving in a 5D manifold with S 3 ×R four-dimensional slices, one can not apply the superpotential formalism to generate solutions. Instead, we are using the Cartan formalism, in the same manner as on the four dimensional manifolds. By solving the system of Einstein equations in the bulk with a source made of a perfect fluid in a comoving frame, we derive the warp factor, the entalpy density and the corresponding state equation. Next, we turn to the five-dimensional Gordon-type equation and write down its solutions along the fifth dimension as well as the orthonormal complete set of solutions on S 3 and the scalar field propagator. Finally, we get the discrete energy spectrum characterizing the scalars evolving in Einstein's Universe in terms of the allowed scalar mass spectrum in the brane.

In-water quenching technique, which is the preparation procedure of conventional amorphous wires ... more In-water quenching technique, which is the preparation procedure of conventional amorphous wires (CAW), induces internal stresses in the material. These stresses, coupled with magnetostriction, give rise to large magnetoelastic anisotropies. Using the calculated distribution of internal stresses, the aim of this work is to evaluate the theoretical distribution of magnetoelastic anisotropies of CAW with positive, negative and nearly zero magnetostriction. The anisotropy constants were calculated as functions of wire dimensions, taking into account that the influence of wire length is neglected. Consequently, we elaborate two simple calculation programs which enable us to calculate the magnetoelastic distribution in every point of wire radius, for any magnetostriction, positive, negative or nearly zero, and any values of parameters and physical quantities involved.

In this paper we initiate a study concerning the influence of demagnetizing energy on conventiona... more In this paper we initiate a study concerning the influence of demagnetizing energy on conventional amorphous wires' (CAW) magnetic anisotropy. Normally, if we want to calculate the magnetic anisotropy of CAW we must take into account the magnetoelastic energy as the most influent energy in the expression of magnetic anisotropy. The importance of this energy is determinant in domain walls creation and, consequently, in amorphous material magnetic behavior. There is a critical value of radius/length ratio for which the effects of demagnetizing field, the field depending on wire form, can't be no more neglected. We have established this ratio. It exhibits a great importance, especially when we wish to avoid these demagnetizing effects and to have a better control of final magnetization. What it counts, undoubtedly, in all applications involving CAW.

This paper is an attempt to generalize the well-known expression of the gravitational potential f... more This paper is an attempt to generalize the well-known expression of the gravitational potential for more than three dimensions. We used the Sneddon-Thornhill approach of the Newton's theorem and then the results are passed through the filter of Poisson's equation. The comparison with other theories implies some restrictions, but the overall results are valid until the experiment will disprove them.