muhammad sanusi ahmed - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by muhammad sanusi ahmed

Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2007

Segregation distortion genes are widespread in plants and animals and function by their effect on... more Segregation distortion genes are widespread in plants and animals and function by their effect on competi-tion among gametes for preferential fertilization. In this study, we evaluated the segregation distortion of molecular markers in multiple reciprocal backcross ...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

An outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China has influenced every aspect of life.... more An outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China has influenced every aspect of life. Healthcare professionals, especially dentists, are exposed to a higher risk of getting infected due to close contact with infected patients. The current study was conducted to assess anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak. In addition, dentists’ knowledge about various practice modifications to combat COVID-19 has been evaluated. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from 10th to 17th March 2020. The well-constructed questionnaire was designed and registered at online website (Kwiksurveys) and validated. A total of 669 participants from 30 different countries across the world responded. After scrutiny, completed questionnaires (n = 650) were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Chi-Square and Spearman correlation tests were appli...

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)

The integration of the photovoltaic (PV) solar systems into distribution networks has brought new... more The integration of the photovoltaic (PV) solar systems into distribution networks has brought new challenges to the network planners. One of the most interesting is to prevent the impacts of the PV intermittent character on the steady state system operation conditions. This work is aimed to investigate such effect on voltage performance, conventional generator daily behavior and automatic voltage regulator operation. Simulations were conducted on a 33-bus IEEE radial distribution power system. In order to provide a reliable study, a real PV power profile was considered. Obtained results over a period of 24 hours revealed that the PV integration contributes to an enhancement of the overall voltage profile, a considerable saving in the total amount of the produced active power and a reduction of power losses. However, the PV intermittent character causes significant transformation in buses voltages daily profiles as well as changes in production plan. To sum up, this paper reports the...

Inflammopharmacology, Jan 22, 2018

Chronic inflammation is pathologically associated with various clinical conditions such as rheuma... more Chronic inflammation is pathologically associated with various clinical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Several anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs currently available in market presents a wide range of problems. Therefore, the current study was aimed to evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of newly synthesized compound 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-N-propylbenzenesulphonamide (MOPBS). Carrageenan and CFA-induced models were developed for evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory mediators. Pain behaviours were evaluated by performing Von Frey, Randall Selitto, cold acetone and hot plate test respectively. X-ray imaging and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were performed for examination of soft tissues of treated mice paw. Additionally, Kodzeila's screen test and weight test were performed for determination of any side effe...

African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Barrisal is an herbal preparation of Hamdard Laboratories (Waqf) Pakistan that has been used as h... more Barrisal is an herbal preparation of Hamdard Laboratories (Waqf) Pakistan that has been used as hepatoprotective agent. In this study, the protective effects of Barrisal against liver damage were evaluated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4)-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in rats. Four groups (I, II, III, IV) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used and Groups I and II were orally fed with saline and Barrisal (10 ml/kg), respectively for 14 consecutive days while Groups III and IV were orally fed with saline, Barrisal (10 ml/kg) and then a single dose of CCl 4 (0.3 ml/kg body weight in a 20% olive oil) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min after the last dose of Barrisal and the animals were starved for 24 h. The degree of protection was measured using biochemical parameters like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein and albumin. Data obtained from results were compared using student's t-test (paired and unpaired) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), significant differences were determined (Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test) using the Minitab 13 computing program. Values of P<0.05, were considered to be significant. The results showed that the treatment with Barrisal significantly lowered the CCl 4-induced serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (GOT, GPT, ALP, and total bilirubin, total cholesterol, total protein) indicated hepatoprotective effect of the Barrisal. Histopathological examination of liver sections confirmed that, pre-treatment with Barrisal reduced the hepatic damage induced by CCl 4. Barrisal reduced the incidence of liver lesions including hepatic cells cloudy swelling, lymphocytes infiltration, hepatic necrosis, and fibrous connective tissue proliferation induced by CCl 4 in rats. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that Barrisal could protect liver against CCl 4-induced oxidative damage in rats, and this hepatoprotective effect might be because of its antioxidant and free radical scavenger effects.

Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging

Unilateral renal agenesis (URA) is a rare condition with a reported incidence of 0.93-1.8 per 100... more Unilateral renal agenesis (URA) is a rare condition with a reported incidence of 0.93-1.8 per 1000 autopsies. It is commonly diagnosed as an incidental finding on imaging. URA is frequently associated with other genitourinary anomalies. Different associations have been described in both males and females, however, to our knowledge, it has not been reported with subseptate uterus (SSU) and sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) in the same individual. Here, we present a unique case of URA with SSU and SCT.

International Higher Education

The education sector of Pakistan has progressed tremendously during the last 15 years,with the nu... more The education sector of Pakistan has progressed tremendously during the last 15 years,with the number of researchers and research papers increasing by 248 percent and 687percent respectively. However, the quality of Pakistani research is still of uneven quality,partly due to the inexperience, incompetence, and corruption of faculty at nationalhigher education institutions. Revising faculty hiring criteria, establishing a plagiarism-free research culture, enhancing training on research ethics, and involving morePakistani scholars trained abroad in research are key steps toward preserving highereducation in Pakistan.

Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 21, 2017

Lime or dolomite is commonly implemented to ameliorate soil acidity. However, the impact of dolom... more Lime or dolomite is commonly implemented to ameliorate soil acidity. However, the impact of dolomite on CO2 emissions from acidic soils is largely unknown. A 53-day laboratory study was carried out to investigate CO2 emissions by applying dolomite to an acidic Acrisol (rice-rapeseed rotation [RR soil]) and a Ferralsol (rice-fallow/flooded rotation [RF soil]). Dolomite was dosed at 0, 0.5, and 1.5 g 100 g(-1) soil, herein referred to as CK, L, and H, respectively. The soil pH(H2O) increased from 5.25 to 7.03 and 7.62 in L and H treatments of the RR soil and from 5.52 to 7.27 and 7.77 in L and H treatments of the RF soil, respectively. Dolomite application significantly (p ≤ 0.001) increased CO2 emissions in both RR and RF soils, with higher emissions in H as compared to L dose of dolomite. The cumulative CO2 emissions with H dose of dolomite were greater 136% in the RR soil and 149% in the RF soil as compared to CK, respectively. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass c...

Cancer Research, 2016

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and myofibroblasts are key drivers in cancer that are associat... more Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and myofibroblasts are key drivers in cancer that are associated with drug resistance in many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which TAM and fibroblasts contribute to chemoresistance is unclear. In this study, we found that TAM and myofibroblasts directly support chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells by secreting insulin-like growth factors (IGF) 1 and 2, which activate insulin/IGF receptors on pancreatic cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of biopsies from patients with pancreatic cancer revealed that 72% of the patients expressed activated insulin/IGF receptors on tumor cells, and this positively correlates with increased CD163 + TAM infiltration. In vivo, we found that TAM and myofibroblasts were the main sources of IGF production, and pharmacologic blockade of IGF sensitized pancreatic tumors to gemcitabine. These findings suggest that inhibition of IGF in combination with chemotherapy could benefit patients with PDAC, and that insulin/IGF1R activation may be used as a biomarker to identify patients for such therapeutic intervention. We thank Professors R. O'Connor, G. Cohen, M. Clague, S. Urbe, and D. Palmer for discussions and sharing reagents and protocols. We thank A. Linford for technical help with immunohistochemistry and N. Bird for collecting blood from healthy volunteers. We thank Boehringer Ingelheim for providing us with the IGF-blocking antibody BI 836845. We also acknowledge the Liverpool Tissue Bank for providing tissue samples, and the Liverpool Centre for Cell Imaging (CCI), the flow cytometry/cell sorting facility, and the biomedical science unit for provision of equipment and technical assistance. We thank the patients and their families, as well as the healthy blood donors who contributed with tissue samples and blood donations to these studies.

A number of drugs are used widely in the traditional system of medicine or Tibb-e-Unani (Unani me... more A number of drugs are used widely in the traditional system of medicine or Tibb-e-Unani (Unani medicine) in the management of many diseases but these drug mostly, have not been investigated for their described effects. This study aimed to investigate antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Herbal Oil (1, 5 and 10 ml/kg) administered orally in mice and rats, using standard behavioral paradigms. It is a poly herbal preparation used in traditional medicine as a remedy for pains and other ailments. The data show that orally administered herbal oil promotes antinociceptive activity against Acetic Acid induced writhing and Formalin induced pain models. The oil also produced a dose dependent inhibition of carrageenin-induced rat paw edema. These effects were significant when compared with saline control group. The results indicate potent antinociceptive component in oil, which justify at least partially the folkloric use of oil in relieving pains.

Background: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is cryptic species complex composed of numerous species. ... more Background: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is cryptic species complex composed of numerous species. Individual species from the complex harbor a diversity of bacterial endosymbionts including Wolbachia. However, while Wolbachia is known to have a number of different roles, its role in B. tabaci is unclear. Here, the antibiotic rifampicin is used to selectively eliminate Wolbachia from B. tabaci so as to enable its roles in whitefly development and reproduction to be explored. The indirect effects of Wolbachia elimination on the biology of Encarsia bimaculata, a dominant parasitoid of B. tabaci in South China, were also investigated. Methodology/Principal Finding: qRT-PCR and FISH were used to show that after 48 h exposure to 1.0 mg/ml rifampicin, Wolbachia was completely inactivated from B. tabaci Mediterranean (MED) without any significant impact on either the primary symbiont, Portiera aleyrodidarum or any of the other secondary endosymbionts present. For B. tabaci MED, Wolbachia was shown to be associated with decreased juvenile development time, increased likelihood that nymphs completed development, increased adult life span and increased percentage of female progeny. Inactivation was associated with a significant decrease in the body size of the 4 th instar which leads us to speculate as to whether Wolbachia may have a nutrient supplementation role. The reduction in nymph body size has consequences for its parasitoid, E. bimaculata. The elimination of Wolbachia lead to a marked increase in the proportion of parasitoid eggs that completed their development, but the reduced size of the whitefly host was also associated with a significant reduction in the size of the emerging parasitoid adult and this was in turn associated with a marked reduction in adult parasitoid longevity. Conclusions/Significance: Wolbachia increases the fitness of the whitefly host and provides some protection against parasitization. These observations add to our understanding of the roles played by bacterial endosymbionts.

BMC complementary and alternative medicine, Jan 3, 2016

Solanum surattense Burm. (Solanaceae) is traditionally used for management of various ailments. T... more Solanum surattense Burm. (Solanaceae) is traditionally used for management of various ailments. The study was conducted for provision of pharmacological justification for folkloric uses of Solanum surattense in the treatment of dysuria. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, each of (n = 6). Aqueous methanolic fruit extract of S. surattense were also administered intraperitoneally to the rats at doses of 50, 70 and 100 mg/kg. Furosemide (10 mg/kg i.p) was used as standard drug whereas controls were given saline solution (40 mL/kg i.p). The electrolytes in urine were measured using a flame photometer whereas serum sodium, potassium, calcium, bicarbonate and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined by using an automatic analyzer. Urine osmolality was assayed by the micro-osmometer. The extract S. surattense induced diuretic effects in a dose-dependent manner as compared with control. Upon administration of extract (70 and 100 mg/kg), we observed the prominent (p < 0.01) increas...

The effects of Somina 285-mg/kg were studied on the dopamine level in rat brain. Somina resulted ... more The effects of Somina 285-mg/kg were studied on the dopamine level in rat brain. Somina resulted in a significant increase in dopamine content. The increased concentrations of the neurotransmitters Dopamine in rat brain might be responsible to improve memory processes and decrease the chances of neuropsychiatric disorder.

Biosensors & bioelectronics, Jan 28, 2016

In bulk phase, liquid crystalline molecules are organized due to non-covalent interactions and du... more In bulk phase, liquid crystalline molecules are organized due to non-covalent interactions and due to delicate nature of the present forces; this organization can easily be disrupted by any small external stimuli. This delicate nature of force balance in liquid crystals organization forms the basis of Liquid-crystals based sensing scheme which has been exploited by many researchers for the optical visualization and sensing of many biological interactions as well as detection of number of analytes. In this review, we present not only an overview of the state of the art in liquid crystals based sensing scheme but also highlight its limitations. The approaches described below revolve around possibilities and limitations of key components of such sensing platform including bottom substrates, alignments layers, nature and type of liquid crystals, sensing compartments, various interfaces etc. This review also highlights potential materials to not only improve performance of the sensing sc...

Medical Teacher, 2016

This study aims to evaluate the perception of medical teachers toward the integration of simulati... more This study aims to evaluate the perception of medical teachers toward the integration of simulation-based medical education (SBME) in undergraduate curriculum and also identify contextual barriers faced by medical teachers. This cross-sectional observational study included medical teachers from three universities. A questionnaire was used to report teachers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; perception. SBME was perceived by medical teachers (basic sciences/clinical, respectively) as enjoyable (71.1%/75.4%), effective assessment tool to evaluate students&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; learning (60%/73.9%) and can improve learning outcome (88.8%/79.7%). Similarly, (91.1%/71%) of teachers think that simulation should be part of the curriculum and not stand alone one time activity. Teachers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; training for SBME has created a significant difference in perception (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Lack of teachers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; training, time, resources and the need to integrate in medical curriculum are major perceived barriers for effective SBME. Results highlight the positive perception and attitude of medical teachers toward the integration of SBME in undergraduate curriculum. Prior formal training of teachers created a different perception. Top perceived barriers for effective SBME include teachers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; formal training supported with time and resources and the early integration into the curriculum. These critical challenges need to be addressed by medical schools in order to enhance the integration SBME in undergraduate curricula.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan: JCPSP

ABSTRACT

Liver diseases is a leading cause of health in both developed and under developed countries. In a... more Liver diseases is a leading cause of health in both developed and under developed countries. In affluent countries, the incidence of liver cirrhosis is correlated with increasing consumption of alcohol 1. Apart from alcohol consumption, nutritional, genetic and immunological factors are also associated with the development of liver injury. In several developing countries where alcohol consumption is not very significant, viral infections, especially viral hepatitis is one of the major causes of liver injury leading to both cirrhosis and cancer 2. These chronic diseases constitute a fast increasing burden to society. The increasing cost of treatment and non-availability of effective drugs in the modern system of medicine led to several studies on possible hepatoprotective action of traditional drugs 3. In different countries wealth of medicinal plants are considered to have hepatoprotective properties. Certain levels of protection have been reported with extracts of Casuarina equisetifolia,Cajanus cajan, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Bixa orellana, Argemone mexicana, Physalis minima, Caesalpinia bonduc 4 , Epaltes divaricata 5 and Barrisal a herbal preparation 6. Jigarine CL is one of the herbal medicines formulated by Hamdard Laboratories (Waqf) Pakistan, used as a hepatoprotective in liver disorders. Jigarine CL is composed of following eight medicinal plants. 1. Achillea millifolium Compositae 2. Artemisa absinthium Compositae 3. Tamarix dioica Tamaricaceae 4. Melia azadirachta Meliaceae 5. Rosa damascena Roasaceae 6. Sphaeranthus indicus Compositae 7. Rheum emodi Polygonaceae 8. Allium sativum Liliaceae

European Journal of Scientific Research

The objective of this study is to determine role of packaging on consumer’s buying behavior. The ... more The objective of this study is to determine role of packaging on consumer’s buying behavior. The purpose of this research is to examine the essential factors, which are driving the success of a brand. This research also identified the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. This is the primary research and data has been collected through questionnaire and for analysis purpose SPSS software has been used. In this study samples of 150 respondents has been collected and tested the reliability of the model. According to the finding of the research study, it has been observed that the packaging is the most important factor. It is further concluded that the packaging elements like its Colour, Packaging material, Design of Wrapper and innovation are more important factors when consumers making any buying decision. Finally it has also been concluded that the Packaging is one of the most important and powerful factor, which influences consumer’s purchase decision.

Background / Purpose: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of infection in humans, desp... more Background / Purpose: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of infection in humans, despite the availability of polysaccharide-based vaccines. Polysaccharide-only vaccines are not effective in young children and conjugate vaccines are expensive with narrower serotype coverage. One of the major focuses in current research is to develop protein-based vaccines.Pneumococcal pilus plays an important role in virulence. We have recently shown that pneumococcal pilus-1 (RrgA and RrgB) proteins induce strong antibody responses. However, it is not known whether they induce CD4 + T cell response, especially Th17 response. Pneumococcus frequently colonises the human nasopharynx. An episode of colonisation is likely to prime local mucosal immune system in the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT). Here, we have investigated CD4 + T cell proliferative responses and Th17 related cytokine production in adenotonsillar mononuclear cells (MNC) after stimulation with recombinant RrgA a...