munna verma - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by munna verma
Lecture notes in mechanical engineering, 2023
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Mar 2, 2023
Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause ... more Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause turbidity, which causes the water to seem murky or opaque. These particles are too unstable and light to settle or be naturally eliminated. These details contribute to water turbidity and pose some stability. During the process of purifying raw water, all water treatment Plants (WTPs) produce waste/residue known as water treatment sludge (WTS). The majority of the sludge's chemical components include silica, alumina, ferric oxide, lime, and many heavy metals. The surface water treatment technique included coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration to remove colloidal and suspended particles from raw water. The sludge obtained from the WTP located at Kekri (Rajasthan), India is being investigated for its physical and chemical properties. About 60% of the sand contained in the sludge is found in the 155-60 grain size range. Additionally, nutrient reduction of soil due to contamination and runoff can be minimized or rounded out by wastewater treatment or the removal of heavy metals from water solutions. To develop water-safe and appealing sludge management solutions, the efficiency of aluminum sulfate and poly aluminum chloride was assessed at different coagulant doses in the study. To make water safe and appealing for human consumption, numerous purification procedures are employed from a variety of sources. Sludge bricks are acceptable to high temperatures in the furnace and have better compressive strength than clay bricks.
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause ... more Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause turbidity, which causes the water to seem murky or opaque. These particles are too unstable and light to settle or be naturally eliminated. These details contribute to water turbidity and pose some stability. During the process of purifying raw water, all water treatment Plants (WTPs) produce waste/residue known as water treatment sludge (WTS). The majority of the sludge’s chemical components include silica, alumina, ferric oxide, lime, and many heavy metals. The surface water treatment technique included coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration to remove colloidal and suspended particles from raw water. The sludge obtained from the WTP located at Kekri (Rajasthan), India is being investigated for its physical and chemical properties. About 60% of the sand contained in the sludge is found in the 155-60 grain size range. Additionally, nutrient reduction of soil due to cont...
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
Coal is the most widely used primary fuel for energy generation but it emits toxic gasses after c... more Coal is the most widely used primary fuel for energy generation but it emits toxic gasses after combustion. Whereas, biomass is a renewable energy source and it is used for environment friendly energy production. Biomass does not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere because it absorbs the same amount of carbon in growing as it releases when consumed as fuel. Generally, biomass used for co-firing with coal includes wood and woody wastes, municipal solid waste, animal wastes, agricultural crops and their waste by-products, waste from food processing, aquatic plants and algae. The inherent moisture content in biomass decreases its heating value and it needs to be dried before using it for co-firing. The drying of biomass could be performed in various types of dryers and all of them have their own merits and demerits. This paper provides a detail review on the need of drying of biomass before co-firing, different technologies used for biomass drying, biomass co-firing to the existing coal fired power plants and the environmental benefits of biomass co-firing.
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Fuel injector nozzle is important part of fuel injection system which plays dominant role in spra... more Fuel injector nozzle is important part of fuel injection system which plays dominant role in spray formation which directly and indirectly affects on combustion efficiency of diesel engine. The performance of the internal flow of the fuel injector nozzle is impeded by several factors. Cavitation is one of the factor which affects fluid flow. It is associated with local pressure distribution inside nozzle. Therefore cavitation plays major role while designing injector nozzle. In the present study, analysis of existing six hole mini-sac diesel injector nozzle is carried out using commercial CFD package. The main objective of research is to design of nozzle to avoid cavitation and to find out contribution of different parameters through parametric study. The results are predicted and compared with both test result and analytical result at steady state conditions for different needle lift., the better the results.
Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research, 2017
The hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed dryer for sawdust particles ( ) is simulated using Eulerian–... more The hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed dryer for sawdust particles ( ) is simulated using Eulerian–Eulerian approach. The governing equations were discretized using a finite volume method with uniform grid size of 0.005 m. For unsteady formulation, 2 nd order implicit scheme is used and first order upwind, algorithm is used for discretization of convective terms. In the present investigation, gas and solid phase interaction for the calculation of drag coefficient is calculated with the help of Syamlal–O’Brien drags model. It was focused mainly on the effect of superficial velocity of air on the dynamics of fluidized bed dryer. The fluidization behavior for sawdust particles, distributions of sawdust and air inside the dryer are also discussed.
Biomass is a renewable and sustainable energy source. Co-firing of biomass with coal will increas... more Biomass is a renewable and sustainable energy source. Co-firing of biomass with coal will increase the renewable energy share by decreasing the coal consumption. In the present paper, hydrodynamic behaviour of coal and biomass mixture is investigated in a fluidized bed reactor. A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model is developed and the hydrodynamic behaviour of gas and solid is investigated in detail. The CFD model is based on Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase modelling approach where the solid phase properties are obtained by applying the Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF). Six different weight percentages of coal and biomass (100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 50:50) are used for the present study. The hydrodynamic behaviour is analyzed in terms of the important hydrodynamic parameters like bed pressure drop, bed expansion ratio, particle volume fraction distribution and velocity distribution. The numerical model is also validated by comparing some of the numerical results wi...
Lecture notes in mechanical engineering, 2023
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Mar 2, 2023
Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause ... more Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause turbidity, which causes the water to seem murky or opaque. These particles are too unstable and light to settle or be naturally eliminated. These details contribute to water turbidity and pose some stability. During the process of purifying raw water, all water treatment Plants (WTPs) produce waste/residue known as water treatment sludge (WTS). The majority of the sludge's chemical components include silica, alumina, ferric oxide, lime, and many heavy metals. The surface water treatment technique included coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration to remove colloidal and suspended particles from raw water. The sludge obtained from the WTP located at Kekri (Rajasthan), India is being investigated for its physical and chemical properties. About 60% of the sand contained in the sludge is found in the 155-60 grain size range. Additionally, nutrient reduction of soil due to contamination and runoff can be minimized or rounded out by wastewater treatment or the removal of heavy metals from water solutions. To develop water-safe and appealing sludge management solutions, the efficiency of aluminum sulfate and poly aluminum chloride was assessed at different coagulant doses in the study. To make water safe and appealing for human consumption, numerous purification procedures are employed from a variety of sources. Sludge bricks are acceptable to high temperatures in the furnace and have better compressive strength than clay bricks.
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause ... more Plankton and other microscopic colloids are tiny particles that are suspended in water and cause turbidity, which causes the water to seem murky or opaque. These particles are too unstable and light to settle or be naturally eliminated. These details contribute to water turbidity and pose some stability. During the process of purifying raw water, all water treatment Plants (WTPs) produce waste/residue known as water treatment sludge (WTS). The majority of the sludge’s chemical components include silica, alumina, ferric oxide, lime, and many heavy metals. The surface water treatment technique included coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration to remove colloidal and suspended particles from raw water. The sludge obtained from the WTP located at Kekri (Rajasthan), India is being investigated for its physical and chemical properties. About 60% of the sand contained in the sludge is found in the 155-60 grain size range. Additionally, nutrient reduction of soil due to cont...
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
Coal is the most widely used primary fuel for energy generation but it emits toxic gasses after c... more Coal is the most widely used primary fuel for energy generation but it emits toxic gasses after combustion. Whereas, biomass is a renewable energy source and it is used for environment friendly energy production. Biomass does not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere because it absorbs the same amount of carbon in growing as it releases when consumed as fuel. Generally, biomass used for co-firing with coal includes wood and woody wastes, municipal solid waste, animal wastes, agricultural crops and their waste by-products, waste from food processing, aquatic plants and algae. The inherent moisture content in biomass decreases its heating value and it needs to be dried before using it for co-firing. The drying of biomass could be performed in various types of dryers and all of them have their own merits and demerits. This paper provides a detail review on the need of drying of biomass before co-firing, different technologies used for biomass drying, biomass co-firing to the existing coal fired power plants and the environmental benefits of biomass co-firing.
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Fuel injector nozzle is important part of fuel injection system which plays dominant role in spra... more Fuel injector nozzle is important part of fuel injection system which plays dominant role in spray formation which directly and indirectly affects on combustion efficiency of diesel engine. The performance of the internal flow of the fuel injector nozzle is impeded by several factors. Cavitation is one of the factor which affects fluid flow. It is associated with local pressure distribution inside nozzle. Therefore cavitation plays major role while designing injector nozzle. In the present study, analysis of existing six hole mini-sac diesel injector nozzle is carried out using commercial CFD package. The main objective of research is to design of nozzle to avoid cavitation and to find out contribution of different parameters through parametric study. The results are predicted and compared with both test result and analytical result at steady state conditions for different needle lift., the better the results.
Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research, 2017
The hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed dryer for sawdust particles ( ) is simulated using Eulerian–... more The hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed dryer for sawdust particles ( ) is simulated using Eulerian–Eulerian approach. The governing equations were discretized using a finite volume method with uniform grid size of 0.005 m. For unsteady formulation, 2 nd order implicit scheme is used and first order upwind, algorithm is used for discretization of convective terms. In the present investigation, gas and solid phase interaction for the calculation of drag coefficient is calculated with the help of Syamlal–O’Brien drags model. It was focused mainly on the effect of superficial velocity of air on the dynamics of fluidized bed dryer. The fluidization behavior for sawdust particles, distributions of sawdust and air inside the dryer are also discussed.
Biomass is a renewable and sustainable energy source. Co-firing of biomass with coal will increas... more Biomass is a renewable and sustainable energy source. Co-firing of biomass with coal will increase the renewable energy share by decreasing the coal consumption. In the present paper, hydrodynamic behaviour of coal and biomass mixture is investigated in a fluidized bed reactor. A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model is developed and the hydrodynamic behaviour of gas and solid is investigated in detail. The CFD model is based on Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase modelling approach where the solid phase properties are obtained by applying the Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF). Six different weight percentages of coal and biomass (100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 50:50) are used for the present study. The hydrodynamic behaviour is analyzed in terms of the important hydrodynamic parameters like bed pressure drop, bed expansion ratio, particle volume fraction distribution and velocity distribution. The numerical model is also validated by comparing some of the numerical results wi...