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Papers by musa isa

2016 1st India International Conference on Information Processing (IICIP), 2016

This paper presents a relaying algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique for t... more This paper presents a relaying algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique for the protection of transmission line. A feed forward ANN with six inputs and eleven outputs has been developed for the detection and classification of faults. Data was generated by simulating a 400 kV, 50Hz, 100 km transmission line in PSCAD/EMTDC at a sampling frequency of 2 kHz. Three ANN configurations with different combinations of inputs have been attempted. Initially all the three ANN configurations were trained and tested using truncated data for their comparative performance. ANN-2 configuration has been found to be the best one and has an accuracy of 100% for fault detection and classification in both training and testing phases with the relay operating time of 12.5 ms. ANN-2 has been further trained and tested using full data. Two-fold cross verification was carried out. An accuracy of 100% was obtained on testing with 12.5 ms delay each time.

Many language pairs are low resourced, meaning the amount and/or quality of the available paralle... more Many language pairs are low resourced, meaning the amount and/or quality of the available parallel data between them is not sufficient to train a neural machine translation (NMT) model which can reach an acceptable standard of accuracy. Many works have explored using the readily available monolingual data in either or both of the languages to improve the standard of translation models in low, and even high, resource languages. One of the most successful of such works is the back-translation that utilizes the translations of the target language monolingual data to increase the amount of the training data. The quality of the backward model which is trained on the available-often low resource-parallel data has been shown to determine the performance of this approach. Despite this, the standard back-translation is meant only to improve the performance of the forward model on the available monolingual target data. A previous study proposed an iterative back-translation approach that, unlike in traditional backtranslation, relies on both the target and source monolingual data to improve the two models over several iterations. In this work, however, we proposed a novel approach that enables both of the backward and forward models to benefit from the monolingual target data through a hybrid of self-learning and back-translation respectively. Experimental results have shown the superiority of the proposed approach over the traditional back-translation method on English-German low resource neural machine translation. We also proposed an iterative self-learning approach that outperforms the iterative back-translation while also relying only on the monolingual target data and requiring the training of less models.

FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES

The study assessed people's willingness to accept repentant Boko Haram and the role of Govern... more The study assessed people's willingness to accept repentant Boko Haram and the role of Government and Non-Governmental organizations toward public risk-free coexistence campaigns. Primary and secondary roots of data were used for this study. First, a structured questionnaire was used to source data from 382 sampled respondents. The results revealed that most respondents were affected by Boko haram, 74%, while 26% were not. Furthermore, the study also showed that most respondents are not ready to accept Boko Haram Repentance, with 79% because they killed their relatives, burned their social environments, caused hardship, and migrated. Also, they fear that when the Government fails to fulfil their promise, they can rejoin the group because they are not to be trusted. At the same time, with few people, 21% are ready to accept the Boko Haram repentance because they believe peace will be restored. Some of the reasons are some were forced to join the group, some were their relatives, ...

2019 2nd International Conference of the IEEE Nigeria Computer Chapter (NigeriaComputConf)

Hackers use malware to gain access to target computers. Malicious payloads are usually generated ... more Hackers use malware to gain access to target computers. Malicious payloads are usually generated using tools such as Metasploit. As a means of defense, the target computers deploy anti-virus solution to detect this malicious payloads and protect the victim machines. In a reaction to this, the hackers created anti-virus evasion tools to evade detection by this antivirus solutions. But how effective are these antivirus evasion tools? This paper seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of some selected anti-virus evasion tools: Avet, Veil 3.0, The Fat Rat, PeCloak.py, Phantom-Evasion, Shellter, Unicorn and Hercules against current best Antivirus Solutions on Windows and Android platforms.

Toxicon: X, 2020

Antisnake venom (ASV) is the only specific and standard treatment for snakebite envenoming worldw... more Antisnake venom (ASV) is the only specific and standard treatment for snakebite envenoming worldwide. The knowledge of antivenom dosage, mode of administration, availability, and logistics is essential to the healthcare practitioners (HCPs) in the management of snakebites. It is vital for the HCPs involved in the handling of ASVs to have its basic knowledge. The ASV contains proteins and can, therefore, easily get denatured if not handled appropriately, leading to poor therapeutic outcome. It is also essential for clinicians to be aware of the tendency of ASV to cause a severe life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction. There is currently no validated tool for assessing the knowledge of ASV among HCPs. Therefore, we developed and validated a tool for evaluating the HCPs knowledge of ASV. The items included in the tool were first generated from a comprehensive literature review. Face validity were conducted by presenting the drafted tool to ten experts on the subject matter. A validation study was conducted among doctors, pharmacists, nurses, pharmacy technicians, and the general public. The objectives of the study were to test the tool for content validity using the content validity index (CVI), construct validity using contrast group approach, difficulty index, readability, and reliability test using the testretest method. We developed and validated a final tool containing thirty-three items. The tool was valid for face validity and had a scale-level (average) content validity (S-CVI/Ave) of 0.91. The ASV knowledge of pharmacists was higher than that of doctors, pharmacy technicians, nurses, and the general public (p < 0.001), thus, valid for construct validity. The readability of the tool using the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) was determined to be grade level 7. The test-retest analysis showed no significant difference between the mean knowledge scores measured at four weeks interval (p = 0.916), implying excellent reliability. The AKAT has demonstrated good psychometrical properties that would enable its application among a wide range of healthcare practitioners.

This study compares the performance of two continuously operating Global Navigation Satellite Sys... more This study compares the performance of two continuously operating Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers at the Toro observatory in Nigeria. The observatory is a proposed site for part of the global geodetic core network for collocation of GNSS and other space geodetic techniques. The pair of GNSS receivers (Ashtech UZ-12 and Trimble NetR8) are connected via a GNSS splitter to a single antenna (Trimble GNSS Choke Ring TRM59800.00). Observation files, precise orbit and clock files, and satellite differential code bias files with respect to the two receivers were collected for a period of 30 days. The WaSoft software (WaPPP module) was employed to estimate the receivers’ position, zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) and tropospheric gradients. Also, the Gopi software was used to estimate the receivers’ bias and total electron content (TEC). The resulting parameters from the estimation software were subjected to hypothetical testing using the Student t-test based on the Bland ...

Drug Safety in Developing Countries, 2020

Abstract Medication safety, which is defined as the freedom from preventable harm with medication... more Abstract Medication safety, which is defined as the freedom from preventable harm with medication use, is a global public health concern and part of the primary mission of pharmacy practice. Medication safety issues negatively impact patient health outcomes including hospitalization, increased length of hospital stay, mortality, and overall health care costs. These issues are more profound in developing countries. In Nigeria, there are many issues and challenges related to medication safety culture among patients and health care professionals including underreporting of medication errors (MEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and beliefs in certain traditional norms. Currently, there are global concerted efforts and action plans geared toward patient safety in health care and minimizing preventable harm. This chapter discusses the status of medication safety issues in Nigeria, including, but not limited to, pharmacovigilance activities and ADR reporting, ME prevalence and reporting, self-medication practices, drug misuse and abuse, storage practices and disposal of pharmaceutical wastes, counterfeit medicines, safety issues related to the use of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines, as well as research, education, and regulations governing these issues.

Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease, 2021

Introduction: Anti-snake venom (ASV) is the standard therapy for the management of snakebite enve... more Introduction: Anti-snake venom (ASV) is the standard therapy for the management of snakebite envenoming (SBE). Therefore, the knowledge of ASV among healthcare practitioners (HCPs) is essential for achieving optimal clinical outcomes in snakebite management. This study aimed to assess knowledge of ASV among the HCPs in northern Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving eligible HCPs from different healthcare settings in northern Nigeria. The participants were recruited into the study using a combination of online (via Google Form) and face-to-face paper-based survey methods. The ASV knowledge of the respondents was measured using a validated anti-snake venom knowledge assessment tool (AKAT). Inadequate overall knowledge of ASV was defined as scores of 0–69.9%, and 70–100% were considered adequate overall knowledge scores. The predictors of ASV knowledge were determined using multiple logistic regression. Results: Three hundred and thirty-one (331) eligible HCP...

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 2021

Background A relentless flood of information accompanied the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pa... more Background A relentless flood of information accompanied the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. False news, conspiracy theories, and magical cures were shared with the general public at an alarming rate, which may lead to increased anxiety and stress levels and associated debilitating consequences. Objectives To measure the level of COVID-19 information overload (COVIO) and assess the association between COVIO and sociodemographic characteristics among the general public. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between April and May 2020 using a modified Cancer Information Overload scale. The survey was developed and posted on four social media platforms. The data were only collected from those who consented to participate. COVIO score was classified into high vs. low using the asymmetrical distribution as a guide and conducted a binary logistic regression to examine the factors associated with COVIO. Results A total number of 584 respondents participated in this study. The mean COVIO score of the respondents was 19.4 (± 4.0). Sources and frequency of receiving COVID-19 information were found to be significant predictors of COVIO. Participants who received information via the broadcast media were more likely to have high COVIO than those who received information via the social media (adjusted odds ratio ([aOR],14.599; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.608-132.559; p = 0.017). Also, participants who received COVID-19 information every minute (aOR, 3.892; 95% CI, 1.124-13.480; p = 0.032) were more likely to have high COVIO than those who received information every week. Conclusion The source of information and the frequency of receiving COVID-19 information were significantly associated with COVIO. The COVID-19 information is often conflicting, leading to confusion and overload of information in the general population. This can have unfavorable effects on the measures taken to control the transmission and management of COVID-19 infection.

Public Health Reviews, 2021

Background: The burden of drug abuse is becoming a public health concern in Nigeria. Preventive m... more Background: The burden of drug abuse is becoming a public health concern in Nigeria. Preventive measures should include identifying the root causes of the burden for targeted intervention. We, therefore, aim to conduct a scoping review of the literature to summarize the findings of epidemiological studies on drug abuse and provisions of drug laws in Nigeria. The review also provides appropriate recommendations as interventions for prevention.Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the literature on PubMed to identify information on drug abuse and drug laws in Nigeria from the inception of the database to March 2020. Additional information was retrieved from Google Scholar, a manual search of included articles, discussion with experts on the subject matter, and gray literature. Study selection was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements. Information from gray literature was assessed for quality and accuracy using...

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety, 2020

The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of feeding locust bean (Parkia Biglobosa) seed m... more The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of feeding locust bean (Parkia Biglobosa) seed meal (LBSM) at graded levels on the performance of broilers. Two hundred and forty broilers were used which were randomly allotted to four treatment groups, each replicated four times in a completely randomized design. The diets contained 0% level of LBSM which served as the control, while other three diets contained 5, 10 and 15% levels of LBSM. The experiment lasted for 28days. Significant differences of (P<0.05) were observed in feed intake (g/b/d) water intake ml/b/d, final body weight (g/b), body weight gain (g/b) averaged daily gain (g/b/d) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). While no significant effect of locust bean seed meal (LBSM) in broilers diets provide effective mechanism for better performance. But live weight was significantly influenced (P<0.05) by LBSM. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine significant difference between treatment groups in term of perfor...

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases, 2020

Chloramphenicol a broad spectrum antibiotic was tested on broiler birds to evaluate the effect of... more Chloramphenicol a broad spectrum antibiotic was tested on broiler birds to evaluate the effect of its prolonged administration on heamatological parameters, identification of histopathological changes on organs (Liver, Spleen and Kidneys) and to determine if prolonged effect has effects on weight gain and mortality rate. One hundred and twenty day old chicks from Kamadex Ibadan were used for the experiment. The birds were assign to two (2) treatments and control group each replicated in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD), birds in treatment one (T1) were administered normal dose of Chloramphenicol (250 mg/Kg), while treatment two (T2) were served with triple dose in medicated water served ad-lib for seven weeks, while the control (T3) were served with un-medicated water ad-lib. Samples (blood, liver, kidney and spleen) were collected and analyzed after 8 weeks of the experiment. Birds showed significant variations in heamatological values across treatments. Lymphocysts count: treatm...

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 2019

Background Traditional Medicine (TM) use is growing and emerging as an issue of public healthcare... more Background Traditional Medicine (TM) use is growing and emerging as an issue of public healthcare importance. Recently, there are increasing interest and trends of TM use among health care professionals (HCP). However, information regarding TM use among pharmacists in Nigeria is limited. This study investigates the use of TM among pharmacists in Nigeria. Materials and methods This study was a cross sectional study in the form of an online survey (Google Surveys). Eligible participants were pharmacists currently practicing in Nigeria. The closed-ended questionnaire was developed and validated prior to the data collection. The hyperlink to the online survey questionnaire was shared with the eligible pharmacists via social media groups belonging to pharmacists' professional associations. Results A total of 262 of completed responses were received. Among the respondents, 53.2% had over 5 years of pharmacy practice experience and 48% were practicing in hospitals. 225 respondents (85.9%) have ever used TM at least once in their lifetime, while 21.3% were currently using TM at the time of the data collection. Those that used TM in the last 12 months were 47.0%, while those that used it within the last week, one month and six months were 15.4%, 10.5% and. 12.8% respectively. Herbal medicine was the most frequently used TM among the respondents (94.2%). The most common reason for using TM was for the maintenance of general well-being (38.2%).

Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 2018

Drugs & Therapy Perspectives, 2018

Background Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been a heal... more Background Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been a healthcare concern in the management of HIV. Information relating to ADR prevalence and its contribution to medication adherence is still limited in the northwestern part of Nigeria. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ADRs related to ART use, and its association with nonadherence to treatment. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted among HIV patients receiving ART at the ART unit of a specialist hospital in Jigawa State, the Northwestern region of Nigeria. Data were collected using patient interview and medical case folders. Patients were followed for 6 months for ADR monitoring. ADR causality was assessed using the WHO causality assessment. Results Of the 167 patients in the study, 98 (58.7%) reported experiencing ADRs from ART use. Thirty-nine (44.8%) of the ADRs were possible, 16 (18.4%) were probable, 23 (26.4%) were unlikely, and 9 (10.3%) were conditional. Forty-one (47.1%) of the ADRs were mild, 45 (51.7%) were moderate, and 1 (1.2%) was severe. The most commonly reported ADRs were related to the CNS (163, 52%). ADRs led to non-adherence in 16 patients (16.3%) in the study (Chi-square = 12.1; p < 0.001). Conclusion The occurrence of ADRs associated with the use of ART is common and leads to non-adherence to ART among HIV patients. Adequate patient adherence counselling is therefore needed to improve adherence to ART, in addition to patient education and clinical interventions to manage ADRs.

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 2021

There is currently exists an important question on whether firm’s political network affect the le... more There is currently exists an important question on whether firm’s political network affect the level of their earning information. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of political connection on real earnings management. The analyses involve a sample of 72 non-financial firms with 360 firm-year observations for a five-year period (2014-2019). Data was obtained from the annual reports of these companies as well as from Thompson Reuters and Bloomberg databases. The Panel Corrected Standard Error was used to test the model studied. The finding shows that firms board with political connection are possible to have earnings manipulation which deteriorate the earnings quality. Thus, this study recommends that increased attention should be given to internal control mechanisms to help curtail corporate earnings manipulations, reduce the effect of political connection, and enhance the financial reporting quality.