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Papers by nitin tomar

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2021

Introduction: Self-medication is a prevalent problem worldwide. Especially, knowing the pattern a... more Introduction: Self-medication is a prevalent problem worldwide. Especially, knowing the pattern among medical students is pertinent as they would be future physicians. It would be interesting to find out their self-medication practices in common ailment such as sore throat. Aim: To study the patterns of self-medication in sore throat among medical students. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, online questionnaire based survey (via google forms) conducted in Muzaffarnagar Medical College in October 2020-November 2020. Total 450 students form 2nd, 3rd and final year (150 per batch) were enrolled. Out of these, only 213 consented and participated in the study (82 from 2nd year, 93 from 3rd year and 38 from final year). Results were expressed as counts (n) and percentages (%) statistical analysis was done wherever appropriate. Results: Out of 213 (113 females and 100 males), who participated in the survey, 190 (89.2%) suffered from sore throat in last 1 year and 111 (58.4...

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2015

Medico-Legal Update, 2020

The pyogenic granuloma is a relatively is an exaggerated tissue response to localised irritation ... more The pyogenic granuloma is a relatively is an exaggerated tissue response to localised irritation or trauma. Histologically, pyogenic granuloma does not present as granuloma and is devoid of pus. It is filled with vascular channels filled with inflammatory fluid, connective tissue with immature fibroblasts and inflammatory cells scattered.It occurs most commonly in the gingiva and also lips, tongue and buccal mucosa are the other common sites. Melasma is a common skin condition hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed areas, especially on the face which is usually light to dark brown, symmetrical and irregular in appearance. Although melasma can affect all races and both sexes, it is more commonly seen in women of child-bearing age and in darkskinned individuals living in areas with intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Hyper pigmentation on exposed areas such as the face can be a source of cosmetic concern for patients, that can negatively impact quality of life (QOL). The present case reports a localized inflammatory hyperplasia of the maxillary gingival of a 38 year male patient who was suffering from melasma. Melasma is a disorder of hyperpigmentation with psychological impacts affecting majorly the face. Excisional biopsy of the lesion revealed findings suggestive of Pyogenic Granuloma. Excision of pyogenic granuloma may also predispose to recession of interdental soft tissue.

Medico Legal Update, 2021

Background: Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. Inflammati... more Background: Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. Inflammation of the gingival tissues can be induced by diverse method. All changes in gingival tissues express with some degree of inflammation. In some cases, where gingival enlargement could be the primary sign of potentially lethal systemic diseases, a correct diagnosis of these enlargements could prove life saving for the patient or at least initiate early treatment and improve the quality of life. Pertinent management depends on precisely diagnosing the origin of enlargement. The aim of publishing this case report is to present the clinical, histopathological features and treatment of inflammatory gingival enlargement which disturbed the aesthetics and masticatory function of the patient. Method: A 20 year old female patient reported with a chief complaint of swelling in the gums of teeth in lower front region. The enlargement was soft and friable and bleeding spontaneously making it difficult for the patient to maintain adequate personal oral hygiene. Surgical therapy was carried out to provide a good aesthetic outcome. Conclusion: No recurrence was reported. Gingival overgrowth is unaesthetic, and may interfere in mastication and speech; hence a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis is essential for management.

Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, 2018

This study attempted to document success of surgery postoperatively, be it type I tympanoplasty o... more This study attempted to document success of surgery postoperatively, be it type I tympanoplasty or type III tympanoplasty with or without modified radical mastoidectomy. Materials and Methods This retrospective study involved 90 patients of Chronic Otitis Media who underwent surgery in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in a tertiary care centre in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Results At 3 week postoperatively, 83 patients (92.22%) had successful uptake of graft. Overall successful graft uptake was reduced to 87.78% (79 patients) after 3 months. Postoperatively, after 3 months, 90% of the patients (n=81) reported improvement in hearing. Preoperatively, 89.71 % patients of mucosal disease and 63.64% of squamosal disease had 21-40 dB hearing loss. Postoperatively, 88.24% patients with mucosal disease and 63.64% of squamosal disease had no conductive hearing loss. There was statistically significant gain in air conduction postoperatively. Average impr...

Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2018

Background: To study ossicular defects in cases of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. Study design... more Background: To study ossicular defects in cases of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. Study design: Retrospective. Methods: The study included 90 patients of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media who underwent surgery in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College, a tertiary care centre in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The period of study was from September 2014 to August 2017. Results: The overall male: female ratio was 1:1.14. Most of the patients had bilateral disease (38.89%), followed by left ear as the only diseased ear. Malleus was involved in 11 patients, all with active squamousal disease. Incus was involved in total 21 patients (3-mucosal category, 19-squamousal). Stapes involvement was seen in 15 patients (2-mucosal and 13-squamousal disease). Incus was involved most frequently in 21.11%; followed by stapes; involved in total 16.66% patients. Malleus was most resistant ossicle, involved in 12.22% patients. Conclusion: Malleus was the most resistant ossicle to erosion in chronic suppurative otitis media whereas incus was found to be the most susceptible. Overall, the order of ossicular involvement was incus>stapes>malleus. In active squamousal disease, stapes and malleus were equally involved.

GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, 2020

Background: Microvascular free ap transfers have become a preferred reconstructive technique; ho... more Background: Microvascular free ap transfers have become a preferred reconstructive technique; however, rare complica-tions may still prove devastating. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes in Head and neck cancer patients undergoing different microvascular free ap reconstructions . Materials and Methods: his study analyzed the surgical out-come and complications of 200 microvascular free aps head and neck reconstruction. In most cases, after resection of the malignant tumor, reconstruction was undertaken . Four types of free ap were performed as follows: Anterolateral thigh (80%), radial forearm (15%), bula (4%), and jejunum (1%). The most commonly used as recipient vessels for anastomosis were superior thyroid artery and the external jugular vein. The incidence of perioperative complications and Patient-related characteristics (age, sex, diagnosis, comorbidity, level, tumor stage, defect site, primary versus secondary reconstruction, and histo...

Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2018

Background: ENT ailments are one of the most common causes for patients to attend hospitals. The ... more Background: ENT ailments are one of the most common causes for patients to attend hospitals. The present study was undertaken to assimilate data on patients visiting ENT OPD in consecutive 3 months, so that the trend of diseases in this part of Uttar Pradesh could be studied. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of otorhinolaryngology disorders in the patients attending ENT OPD, Muzaffarnagar Medical College. Methods: This was a retrospective record based study, done in department of ENT &HNS from January to March 2018. Results: More than half of the patients were male. Rural community dominated OPD attendance. Most common ailments for attending ENT OPD were pertaining to throat and neck with female preponderance, of which most frequent diagnosis was pharyngitis. Next in line were otological diseases with CSOM as most common. Patients with nasal complaints were least with allergic rhinitis as most common diagnosis. Discussion: The literature available with respect to the aims and objectives was reviewed. Conclusion: Our OPD is with male preponderance and rural dominated. Maximum patients were suffering from throat and neck problems and nasal complaints were least.

Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2017

The increasing melanin hyperpigmentation of dark skinned individuals was related to the high acti... more The increasing melanin hyperpigmentation of dark skinned individuals was related to the high activity of melanocytes. Also smoking reactive the melanocytes to produce melanin. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal plastic procedure which has been carried out by various techniques. A healthy 36-years-old female patient complained about unaesthetic gingiva and she had smoked over 17 years. Hyperpigmentation of gingiva observed on the labial surface of both maxilla and mandibula. Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used for depigmentation with wavelength of 2780nm, frequency of 20hz, and pulse energy between 0-300 Mj. Topical anesthetic spray was applied and there were a mild bleeding and pain on the operation area. The ablated regions was healed almost in 1 week. After 3 months' and 6 months' follow-up there was no repigmented areas. It may be concluded that the application of Er,Cr:YSGG laser appears to be safe and effective alternative procedure for the treatment of gingival melanin hyperpigmentation.

Indian Heart Journal, 2017

Physical examination is a sensitive tool for diagnosis of cardiac diseases. Echocardiography is r... more Physical examination is a sensitive tool for diagnosis of cardiac diseases. Echocardiography is rapidly supplanting and often used as an alternative to physical examination diagnoses at first patient encounter.

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2021

Introduction: Self-medication is a prevalent problem worldwide. Especially, knowing the pattern a... more Introduction: Self-medication is a prevalent problem worldwide. Especially, knowing the pattern among medical students is pertinent as they would be future physicians. It would be interesting to find out their self-medication practices in common ailment such as sore throat. Aim: To study the patterns of self-medication in sore throat among medical students. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, online questionnaire based survey (via google forms) conducted in Muzaffarnagar Medical College in October 2020-November 2020. Total 450 students form 2nd, 3rd and final year (150 per batch) were enrolled. Out of these, only 213 consented and participated in the study (82 from 2nd year, 93 from 3rd year and 38 from final year). Results were expressed as counts (n) and percentages (%) statistical analysis was done wherever appropriate. Results: Out of 213 (113 females and 100 males), who participated in the survey, 190 (89.2%) suffered from sore throat in last 1 year and 111 (58.4...

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2015

Medico-Legal Update, 2020

The pyogenic granuloma is a relatively is an exaggerated tissue response to localised irritation ... more The pyogenic granuloma is a relatively is an exaggerated tissue response to localised irritation or trauma. Histologically, pyogenic granuloma does not present as granuloma and is devoid of pus. It is filled with vascular channels filled with inflammatory fluid, connective tissue with immature fibroblasts and inflammatory cells scattered.It occurs most commonly in the gingiva and also lips, tongue and buccal mucosa are the other common sites. Melasma is a common skin condition hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed areas, especially on the face which is usually light to dark brown, symmetrical and irregular in appearance. Although melasma can affect all races and both sexes, it is more commonly seen in women of child-bearing age and in darkskinned individuals living in areas with intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Hyper pigmentation on exposed areas such as the face can be a source of cosmetic concern for patients, that can negatively impact quality of life (QOL). The present case reports a localized inflammatory hyperplasia of the maxillary gingival of a 38 year male patient who was suffering from melasma. Melasma is a disorder of hyperpigmentation with psychological impacts affecting majorly the face. Excisional biopsy of the lesion revealed findings suggestive of Pyogenic Granuloma. Excision of pyogenic granuloma may also predispose to recession of interdental soft tissue.

Medico Legal Update, 2021

Background: Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. Inflammati... more Background: Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. Inflammation of the gingival tissues can be induced by diverse method. All changes in gingival tissues express with some degree of inflammation. In some cases, where gingival enlargement could be the primary sign of potentially lethal systemic diseases, a correct diagnosis of these enlargements could prove life saving for the patient or at least initiate early treatment and improve the quality of life. Pertinent management depends on precisely diagnosing the origin of enlargement. The aim of publishing this case report is to present the clinical, histopathological features and treatment of inflammatory gingival enlargement which disturbed the aesthetics and masticatory function of the patient. Method: A 20 year old female patient reported with a chief complaint of swelling in the gums of teeth in lower front region. The enlargement was soft and friable and bleeding spontaneously making it difficult for the patient to maintain adequate personal oral hygiene. Surgical therapy was carried out to provide a good aesthetic outcome. Conclusion: No recurrence was reported. Gingival overgrowth is unaesthetic, and may interfere in mastication and speech; hence a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis is essential for management.

Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, 2018

This study attempted to document success of surgery postoperatively, be it type I tympanoplasty o... more This study attempted to document success of surgery postoperatively, be it type I tympanoplasty or type III tympanoplasty with or without modified radical mastoidectomy. Materials and Methods This retrospective study involved 90 patients of Chronic Otitis Media who underwent surgery in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in a tertiary care centre in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Results At 3 week postoperatively, 83 patients (92.22%) had successful uptake of graft. Overall successful graft uptake was reduced to 87.78% (79 patients) after 3 months. Postoperatively, after 3 months, 90% of the patients (n=81) reported improvement in hearing. Preoperatively, 89.71 % patients of mucosal disease and 63.64% of squamosal disease had 21-40 dB hearing loss. Postoperatively, 88.24% patients with mucosal disease and 63.64% of squamosal disease had no conductive hearing loss. There was statistically significant gain in air conduction postoperatively. Average impr...

Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2018

Background: To study ossicular defects in cases of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. Study design... more Background: To study ossicular defects in cases of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. Study design: Retrospective. Methods: The study included 90 patients of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media who underwent surgery in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College, a tertiary care centre in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The period of study was from September 2014 to August 2017. Results: The overall male: female ratio was 1:1.14. Most of the patients had bilateral disease (38.89%), followed by left ear as the only diseased ear. Malleus was involved in 11 patients, all with active squamousal disease. Incus was involved in total 21 patients (3-mucosal category, 19-squamousal). Stapes involvement was seen in 15 patients (2-mucosal and 13-squamousal disease). Incus was involved most frequently in 21.11%; followed by stapes; involved in total 16.66% patients. Malleus was most resistant ossicle, involved in 12.22% patients. Conclusion: Malleus was the most resistant ossicle to erosion in chronic suppurative otitis media whereas incus was found to be the most susceptible. Overall, the order of ossicular involvement was incus>stapes>malleus. In active squamousal disease, stapes and malleus were equally involved.

GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, 2020

Background: Microvascular free ap transfers have become a preferred reconstructive technique; ho... more Background: Microvascular free ap transfers have become a preferred reconstructive technique; however, rare complica-tions may still prove devastating. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes in Head and neck cancer patients undergoing different microvascular free ap reconstructions . Materials and Methods: his study analyzed the surgical out-come and complications of 200 microvascular free aps head and neck reconstruction. In most cases, after resection of the malignant tumor, reconstruction was undertaken . Four types of free ap were performed as follows: Anterolateral thigh (80%), radial forearm (15%), bula (4%), and jejunum (1%). The most commonly used as recipient vessels for anastomosis were superior thyroid artery and the external jugular vein. The incidence of perioperative complications and Patient-related characteristics (age, sex, diagnosis, comorbidity, level, tumor stage, defect site, primary versus secondary reconstruction, and histo...

Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2018

Background: ENT ailments are one of the most common causes for patients to attend hospitals. The ... more Background: ENT ailments are one of the most common causes for patients to attend hospitals. The present study was undertaken to assimilate data on patients visiting ENT OPD in consecutive 3 months, so that the trend of diseases in this part of Uttar Pradesh could be studied. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of otorhinolaryngology disorders in the patients attending ENT OPD, Muzaffarnagar Medical College. Methods: This was a retrospective record based study, done in department of ENT &HNS from January to March 2018. Results: More than half of the patients were male. Rural community dominated OPD attendance. Most common ailments for attending ENT OPD were pertaining to throat and neck with female preponderance, of which most frequent diagnosis was pharyngitis. Next in line were otological diseases with CSOM as most common. Patients with nasal complaints were least with allergic rhinitis as most common diagnosis. Discussion: The literature available with respect to the aims and objectives was reviewed. Conclusion: Our OPD is with male preponderance and rural dominated. Maximum patients were suffering from throat and neck problems and nasal complaints were least.

Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2017

The increasing melanin hyperpigmentation of dark skinned individuals was related to the high acti... more The increasing melanin hyperpigmentation of dark skinned individuals was related to the high activity of melanocytes. Also smoking reactive the melanocytes to produce melanin. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal plastic procedure which has been carried out by various techniques. A healthy 36-years-old female patient complained about unaesthetic gingiva and she had smoked over 17 years. Hyperpigmentation of gingiva observed on the labial surface of both maxilla and mandibula. Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used for depigmentation with wavelength of 2780nm, frequency of 20hz, and pulse energy between 0-300 Mj. Topical anesthetic spray was applied and there were a mild bleeding and pain on the operation area. The ablated regions was healed almost in 1 week. After 3 months' and 6 months' follow-up there was no repigmented areas. It may be concluded that the application of Er,Cr:YSGG laser appears to be safe and effective alternative procedure for the treatment of gingival melanin hyperpigmentation.

Indian Heart Journal, 2017

Physical examination is a sensitive tool for diagnosis of cardiac diseases. Echocardiography is r... more Physical examination is a sensitive tool for diagnosis of cardiac diseases. Echocardiography is rapidly supplanting and often used as an alternative to physical examination diagnoses at first patient encounter.