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Papers by nurul sahida hassan

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding the effect of the calcination process on the structure of mesoporous silica zirconia photocatalysts for Bisphenol A degradation

Malaysian Journal of Catalysis

The mesoporous silica zirconia (m- SiO2/ZrO2) was successfully synthesized in this study using a ... more The mesoporous silica zirconia (m- SiO2/ZrO2) was successfully synthesized in this study using a microwave method, and the effect of the calcination process was studied. In this study, half of the sample was left untreated (labeled "untreated sample"), while the other half was calcined at 850 °C for 3 hours in an air atmosphere in a muffle furnace to remove the surfactant. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible differential reflectance spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy were utilized in order to analyze the catalysts that were produced. The findings from the characterization showed that the calcination procedure caused the creation of oxygen vacancies and increased the surface area, both of which affected the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of the calcined m-SiO2/ZrO2 (80%) catalyst was superior to that of the untreated m-SiO2/ZrO2 (19%) catalyst. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Copper oxide supported on graphene for phodegradation of rhodamine B

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Dec 30, 2015

In recent years, dyes are one of the major sources of the water contamination that lead to enviro... more In recent years, dyes are one of the major sources of the water contamination that lead to environmental problems. For instance, Rhodamine B (RhB) which was extensively used as a colorant in textile industries is toxic and carcinogenic. Among many techniques, photocatalytic degradation become the promising one to remove those dyes from industrial wastewater. Recently, graphene has shown outstanding performance in this application due to its intrinsic electron delocalisation which promotes electron transport between composite photocatalyst and pollutant molecules. While, copper oxide (CuO) is well-known has a lower bandgap energies compared to other semiconductors. Therefore, in this study, copper oxide supported on graphene (CuO/G) was prepared and its photocatalytic activity was tested on degradation of RhB. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results showed that the interaction between copper and graphene support could enhance the photocatalytic activity. The 5 wt% CuO/G was found to give the highest degradation (95%) of 10 mg L-1 of RhB solution at pH 7 using 1 g L-1 catalyst after 4 hours under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation followed the pseudo first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. This study demonstrated that the CuO/G has a potential to be used in photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and catalytic activity of polyvinylpyridine supported palladium nanoparticles in sonogashira coupling reaction

Research paper thumbnail of CO methanation over highly active and coke-resistant ruthenium-doped fibrous mordenite zeolite catalyst for synthetic natural gas (SNG) production

Journal of the Energy Institute

Research paper thumbnail of New insight into the kinetic study on the different loadings of the CuO/CNT catalyst and its optimization for p-chloroaniline photodegradation

Nanoscale Advances

The effect of the copper (Cu) content on Cu oxide loaded onto a carbon nanotube (CuO/CNT) catalys... more The effect of the copper (Cu) content on Cu oxide loaded onto a carbon nanotube (CuO/CNT) catalyst on the mechanistic, kinetic, and photonic efficiency of the photodegradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) under visible (Vis) and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation has been explored.

Research paper thumbnail of Sustainable biodiesel generation through catalytic transesterification of waste sources: a literature review and bibliometric survey

RSC Advances, 2022

Sustainable renewable energy production is being intensely disputed worldwide because fossil fuel... more Sustainable renewable energy production is being intensely disputed worldwide because fossil fuel resources are declining gradually.

Research paper thumbnail of Mesoporous alumina: A comprehensive review on synthesis strategies, structure, and applications as support for enhanced H2 generation via CO2-CH4 reforming

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022

The synthesis strategy for generating mesoporous alumina (MA) was reviewed. Discussion related to... more The synthesis strategy for generating mesoporous alumina (MA) was reviewed. Discussion related to the vital factors impacting the structure of MA. This review focuses on MA applications and performances in CO 2-CH 4 reforming. Summary of future perspectives of MA employment in CO 2-CH 4 reforming.

Research paper thumbnail of Catalytic biohydrogen production from organic waste materials: A literature review and bibliometric analysis

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021

Abstract Global population growth and accelerated urbanisation have resulted in massive amounts o... more Abstract Global population growth and accelerated urbanisation have resulted in massive amounts of fossil fuel use and waste production. Because of its high energy content, pure nature, and fuel quality, hydrogen fuel is a viable option to fossil fuels. Biohydrogen from agricultural waste, in particular, piques concern because it generates hydrogen while still disposing of waste. This review conducted a bibliometric analysis of biohydrogen production from organic waste to trace the research trends and hotspots based on the literature in the Web of Science (WOS) database from 1970 to 2020. The present review article also focuses on highlighting various processes for converting organic waste into hydrogen, raw materials for biohydrogen production, and catalysts that could distil the latest perceptions that could shed light on a route advancing for successful catalyst design. It also seems that some intentions have been paid on studying waste materials such as pure polysaccharides, disaccharides, and monosaccharides. Among all the catalysts used, non-noble and low-cost active metals over reduced graphene oxide (rGO) support can significantly affect the activity of fermentative hydrogen production from organic waste materials. However, researches focusing on developing anaerobic membrane bioreactors for these technologies are still needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Visible‐light driven photodegradation of phenol over niobium oxide‐loaded fibrous silica titania composite catalyst

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Conversion of polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste and phenol steam reforming to hydrogen and valuable liquid fuel: Synthesis effect of Ni–Co/ZrO2 nanostructured catalysts

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2020

Synthesis and characterization of NieCo/ZrO 2 nanostructure catalyst was studied. Catalytic activ... more Synthesis and characterization of NieCo/ZrO 2 nanostructure catalyst was studied. Catalytic activity and coke resistance are examined in steam reforming of PET-phenol. PET was efficiently converted to hydrogen using NieCo/ZrO 2 catalyst. The catalyst which prepared by hydrothermal method was uniform and not agglomerated. Catalytic reforming of PET produced numerous branched-chains aliphatics.

Research paper thumbnail of Platinum‐promoted fibrous silica Y zeolite with enhanced mass transfer as a highly selective catalyst for n ‐dodecane hydroisomerization

International Journal of Energy Research, 2019

A fibrous silica zeolite Y (HY@KCC-1) catalyst with a high surface area of 568 m 2 /g and unique ... more A fibrous silica zeolite Y (HY@KCC-1) catalyst with a high surface area of 568 m 2 /g and unique core-shell morphology was successfully synthesized via a modified KCC-1 synthesis method. Characterization of the catalysts was achieved with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), N 2 adsorption/desorption, and 2,6-dimethylpyridine adsorbed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The Pt/HY@KCC-1 has displayed complete n-dodecane conversion coupled with an incredibly enhanced isomer yield of 72% at 350°C, nearly twofold higher than that of unmodified Pt/HY catalyst. Remarkably, Pt/HY@KCC-1 had an internal effectiveness factor (η) of unity and negligible internal diffusion limitation, thus suggesting its potential application in hydroisomerization of higher hydrocarbons for enhancing fuel properties.ytdg KEYWORDS fibrous zeolite, hydrocracking, hydrogen, hydroisomerization, n-dodecane Symbols and abbreviations: D AB , molecular diffusivity of n-dodecane in hydrogen stream; D eff , effective diffusivity; Re ′ , Reynolds number; R p , catalyst pellet size; Sh ′ , Sherwood number; k c , external mass transfer coefficient; v 0 , reactant flow rate; C M , Mears' criterion; C WP , Weisz-Prater criterion; DMPH + , chemisorbed 2,6-dimethylpyridinium ion; M B , molecular weight of the solvent in kg/kmol,; Sc, Schmidt number; v, reactor volume; V A , molar volume of the n-dodecane at its boiling point; Ɛ, porosity; η, internal effectiveness factor; μ B , hydrogen viscosity kg/m•s; ɸ, association parameter of the solvent (Hydrogen); Φ, Thiele modulus; φ, bed porosity

Research paper thumbnail of Strategies for introducing titania onto mesostructured silica nanoparticles targeting enhanced photocatalytic activity of visible-light-responsive Ti-MSN catalysts

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017

Titanium-mesostructured silica nanoparticles (Ti-MSN) catalysts which are excellent photocatalyti... more Titanium-mesostructured silica nanoparticles (Ti-MSN) catalysts which are excellent photocatalytic materials for the environment were prepared by supporting mesostructured silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with titanium species synthesized by three different approaches: microwave and in situ and ex situ electrochemical methods, denoted as Ti-MSN-M, Ti-MSN-I, and Ti-MSN-E, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were investigated via XRD, 29 Si NMR, N 2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, ESR, and UV-DRS analyses. Characterization results revealed that the introduction of mesoporous titania nanoparticles (MTNs) prepared by the microwave method onto MSNs (Ti-MSN-M) did not significantly affect the silica framework. However, the silica network in the Ti-MSN-I and Ti-MSN-E was rather disrupted, particularly for the former catalyst, due to the desilication accompanied by isomorphous substitution of Ti in the MSN framework to form SieOeTi bonds. Ti was also found to be exchanged with the terminal hydroxyl groups of all catalysts to form the SieOeTi bonds. The addition of Ti species onto MSNs also increased the number of oxygen vacancies (V o) and metal defect sites. Photocatalytic testing on the decolorization of Congo red (CR) resulted in the following order: Ti-MSN-I (94%) > Ti-MSN-M (90%) > Ti-MSN-E (34%). The V o and metal defect sites were responsible in lowering the band gap of catalysts and decreasing the electronehole recombination, while the great numbers of SieOeTi bonds as well as large surface area and pore volume increased the active sites and offered a good surface contact with light to enhance the activity of catalysts. A kinetic study demonstrated that the photodegradation followed the pseudo-first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Ti-MSN-I and Ti-MSN-M maintained their activities for up to five runs without serious catalyst deactivation, indicating their potential for the degradation of dye in wastewater. Mineralization measurements of CR by TOC and BOD 5 analyses after 3 h of contact time were 85.7% and 87.6% using Ti-MSN-M, while 83.7% and 80.3% using Ti-MSN-I, respectively. Optimization by response surface methodology showed that the catalyst dosage, pH, and TiO 2 loading were the significant factors in the decolorization of CR. This study demonstrated that these two green technologies; electrochemical and MW have a great potential to be used in synthesis of various advanced materials for greener and more sustainable processes.

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding the effect of the calcination process on the structure of mesoporous silica zirconia photocatalysts for Bisphenol A degradation

Malaysian Journal of Catalysis

The mesoporous silica zirconia (m- SiO2/ZrO2) was successfully synthesized in this study using a ... more The mesoporous silica zirconia (m- SiO2/ZrO2) was successfully synthesized in this study using a microwave method, and the effect of the calcination process was studied. In this study, half of the sample was left untreated (labeled "untreated sample"), while the other half was calcined at 850 °C for 3 hours in an air atmosphere in a muffle furnace to remove the surfactant. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible differential reflectance spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy were utilized in order to analyze the catalysts that were produced. The findings from the characterization showed that the calcination procedure caused the creation of oxygen vacancies and increased the surface area, both of which affected the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of the calcined m-SiO2/ZrO2 (80%) catalyst was superior to that of the untreated m-SiO2/ZrO2 (19%) catalyst. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Copper oxide supported on graphene for phodegradation of rhodamine B

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Dec 30, 2015

In recent years, dyes are one of the major sources of the water contamination that lead to enviro... more In recent years, dyes are one of the major sources of the water contamination that lead to environmental problems. For instance, Rhodamine B (RhB) which was extensively used as a colorant in textile industries is toxic and carcinogenic. Among many techniques, photocatalytic degradation become the promising one to remove those dyes from industrial wastewater. Recently, graphene has shown outstanding performance in this application due to its intrinsic electron delocalisation which promotes electron transport between composite photocatalyst and pollutant molecules. While, copper oxide (CuO) is well-known has a lower bandgap energies compared to other semiconductors. Therefore, in this study, copper oxide supported on graphene (CuO/G) was prepared and its photocatalytic activity was tested on degradation of RhB. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results showed that the interaction between copper and graphene support could enhance the photocatalytic activity. The 5 wt% CuO/G was found to give the highest degradation (95%) of 10 mg L-1 of RhB solution at pH 7 using 1 g L-1 catalyst after 4 hours under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation followed the pseudo first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. This study demonstrated that the CuO/G has a potential to be used in photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and catalytic activity of polyvinylpyridine supported palladium nanoparticles in sonogashira coupling reaction

Research paper thumbnail of CO methanation over highly active and coke-resistant ruthenium-doped fibrous mordenite zeolite catalyst for synthetic natural gas (SNG) production

Journal of the Energy Institute

Research paper thumbnail of New insight into the kinetic study on the different loadings of the CuO/CNT catalyst and its optimization for p-chloroaniline photodegradation

Nanoscale Advances

The effect of the copper (Cu) content on Cu oxide loaded onto a carbon nanotube (CuO/CNT) catalys... more The effect of the copper (Cu) content on Cu oxide loaded onto a carbon nanotube (CuO/CNT) catalyst on the mechanistic, kinetic, and photonic efficiency of the photodegradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) under visible (Vis) and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation has been explored.

Research paper thumbnail of Sustainable biodiesel generation through catalytic transesterification of waste sources: a literature review and bibliometric survey

RSC Advances, 2022

Sustainable renewable energy production is being intensely disputed worldwide because fossil fuel... more Sustainable renewable energy production is being intensely disputed worldwide because fossil fuel resources are declining gradually.

Research paper thumbnail of Mesoporous alumina: A comprehensive review on synthesis strategies, structure, and applications as support for enhanced H2 generation via CO2-CH4 reforming

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022

The synthesis strategy for generating mesoporous alumina (MA) was reviewed. Discussion related to... more The synthesis strategy for generating mesoporous alumina (MA) was reviewed. Discussion related to the vital factors impacting the structure of MA. This review focuses on MA applications and performances in CO 2-CH 4 reforming. Summary of future perspectives of MA employment in CO 2-CH 4 reforming.

Research paper thumbnail of Catalytic biohydrogen production from organic waste materials: A literature review and bibliometric analysis

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021

Abstract Global population growth and accelerated urbanisation have resulted in massive amounts o... more Abstract Global population growth and accelerated urbanisation have resulted in massive amounts of fossil fuel use and waste production. Because of its high energy content, pure nature, and fuel quality, hydrogen fuel is a viable option to fossil fuels. Biohydrogen from agricultural waste, in particular, piques concern because it generates hydrogen while still disposing of waste. This review conducted a bibliometric analysis of biohydrogen production from organic waste to trace the research trends and hotspots based on the literature in the Web of Science (WOS) database from 1970 to 2020. The present review article also focuses on highlighting various processes for converting organic waste into hydrogen, raw materials for biohydrogen production, and catalysts that could distil the latest perceptions that could shed light on a route advancing for successful catalyst design. It also seems that some intentions have been paid on studying waste materials such as pure polysaccharides, disaccharides, and monosaccharides. Among all the catalysts used, non-noble and low-cost active metals over reduced graphene oxide (rGO) support can significantly affect the activity of fermentative hydrogen production from organic waste materials. However, researches focusing on developing anaerobic membrane bioreactors for these technologies are still needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Visible‐light driven photodegradation of phenol over niobium oxide‐loaded fibrous silica titania composite catalyst

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Conversion of polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste and phenol steam reforming to hydrogen and valuable liquid fuel: Synthesis effect of Ni–Co/ZrO2 nanostructured catalysts

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2020

Synthesis and characterization of NieCo/ZrO 2 nanostructure catalyst was studied. Catalytic activ... more Synthesis and characterization of NieCo/ZrO 2 nanostructure catalyst was studied. Catalytic activity and coke resistance are examined in steam reforming of PET-phenol. PET was efficiently converted to hydrogen using NieCo/ZrO 2 catalyst. The catalyst which prepared by hydrothermal method was uniform and not agglomerated. Catalytic reforming of PET produced numerous branched-chains aliphatics.

Research paper thumbnail of Platinum‐promoted fibrous silica Y zeolite with enhanced mass transfer as a highly selective catalyst for n ‐dodecane hydroisomerization

International Journal of Energy Research, 2019

A fibrous silica zeolite Y (HY@KCC-1) catalyst with a high surface area of 568 m 2 /g and unique ... more A fibrous silica zeolite Y (HY@KCC-1) catalyst with a high surface area of 568 m 2 /g and unique core-shell morphology was successfully synthesized via a modified KCC-1 synthesis method. Characterization of the catalysts was achieved with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), N 2 adsorption/desorption, and 2,6-dimethylpyridine adsorbed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The Pt/HY@KCC-1 has displayed complete n-dodecane conversion coupled with an incredibly enhanced isomer yield of 72% at 350°C, nearly twofold higher than that of unmodified Pt/HY catalyst. Remarkably, Pt/HY@KCC-1 had an internal effectiveness factor (η) of unity and negligible internal diffusion limitation, thus suggesting its potential application in hydroisomerization of higher hydrocarbons for enhancing fuel properties.ytdg KEYWORDS fibrous zeolite, hydrocracking, hydrogen, hydroisomerization, n-dodecane Symbols and abbreviations: D AB , molecular diffusivity of n-dodecane in hydrogen stream; D eff , effective diffusivity; Re ′ , Reynolds number; R p , catalyst pellet size; Sh ′ , Sherwood number; k c , external mass transfer coefficient; v 0 , reactant flow rate; C M , Mears' criterion; C WP , Weisz-Prater criterion; DMPH + , chemisorbed 2,6-dimethylpyridinium ion; M B , molecular weight of the solvent in kg/kmol,; Sc, Schmidt number; v, reactor volume; V A , molar volume of the n-dodecane at its boiling point; Ɛ, porosity; η, internal effectiveness factor; μ B , hydrogen viscosity kg/m•s; ɸ, association parameter of the solvent (Hydrogen); Φ, Thiele modulus; φ, bed porosity

Research paper thumbnail of Strategies for introducing titania onto mesostructured silica nanoparticles targeting enhanced photocatalytic activity of visible-light-responsive Ti-MSN catalysts

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017

Titanium-mesostructured silica nanoparticles (Ti-MSN) catalysts which are excellent photocatalyti... more Titanium-mesostructured silica nanoparticles (Ti-MSN) catalysts which are excellent photocatalytic materials for the environment were prepared by supporting mesostructured silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with titanium species synthesized by three different approaches: microwave and in situ and ex situ electrochemical methods, denoted as Ti-MSN-M, Ti-MSN-I, and Ti-MSN-E, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were investigated via XRD, 29 Si NMR, N 2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, ESR, and UV-DRS analyses. Characterization results revealed that the introduction of mesoporous titania nanoparticles (MTNs) prepared by the microwave method onto MSNs (Ti-MSN-M) did not significantly affect the silica framework. However, the silica network in the Ti-MSN-I and Ti-MSN-E was rather disrupted, particularly for the former catalyst, due to the desilication accompanied by isomorphous substitution of Ti in the MSN framework to form SieOeTi bonds. Ti was also found to be exchanged with the terminal hydroxyl groups of all catalysts to form the SieOeTi bonds. The addition of Ti species onto MSNs also increased the number of oxygen vacancies (V o) and metal defect sites. Photocatalytic testing on the decolorization of Congo red (CR) resulted in the following order: Ti-MSN-I (94%) > Ti-MSN-M (90%) > Ti-MSN-E (34%). The V o and metal defect sites were responsible in lowering the band gap of catalysts and decreasing the electronehole recombination, while the great numbers of SieOeTi bonds as well as large surface area and pore volume increased the active sites and offered a good surface contact with light to enhance the activity of catalysts. A kinetic study demonstrated that the photodegradation followed the pseudo-first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Ti-MSN-I and Ti-MSN-M maintained their activities for up to five runs without serious catalyst deactivation, indicating their potential for the degradation of dye in wastewater. Mineralization measurements of CR by TOC and BOD 5 analyses after 3 h of contact time were 85.7% and 87.6% using Ti-MSN-M, while 83.7% and 80.3% using Ti-MSN-I, respectively. Optimization by response surface methodology showed that the catalyst dosage, pH, and TiO 2 loading were the significant factors in the decolorization of CR. This study demonstrated that these two green technologies; electrochemical and MW have a great potential to be used in synthesis of various advanced materials for greener and more sustainable processes.