mercy okoh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by mercy okoh

Nigerian Dental Journal, Jun 24, 2023

Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2015

Journal of medical research, Jun 1, 2017

Background: Self-medication is commonly practiced in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determ... more Background: Self-medication is commonly practiced in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of herbal medicine use and self-medication practices among dental out patients presenting at a tertiary health care center in Benin, and to determine factors associated with these practices. Methods: A prospective descriptive crosssectional study.Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections: 1) bio-data, 2) history of herbal/ traditional medication used prior to presentation, identity as well as mode of application of the traditional medicine, 3) history of self-medication prior to presentation. The data collected was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0. Results: A total of 119 participants were recruited for this study. The participants consisted of 42 adult males and 77 adult females giving a male female ratio of 1:1.83. About 24.4% had used herbal/traditional medication prior to presentation. Plant roots and leaves soaked in alcohol was reported to have been used by 17.1% of those who used herbal/traditional medication. There was statistically significant relationship between the level of education attained by participants and use of herbal/traditional medication. Almost half (49.6%) of the participants had used a form of self-medication prior to presentation at the dental clinic. The drugs consisted of combination of analgesics and antibiotics. The commonest analgesics reported were paracetamol and diclofenac while the commonest antibiotic reported was ampiclox. Conclusion: There should be consistent dental health awareness to downplay the practice of herbal medicine and self-medication prior to seeking professional oral health care.

Medical Journal of Zambia

Introduction: Oral diagnostic sciences (ODS) comprise the subjects, oral pathology, oral medicine... more Introduction: Oral diagnostic sciences (ODS) comprise the subjects, oral pathology, oral medicine, oral radiology and the functional integration of these into the oral diagnostic services. Oral diagnostic science has peculiar challenges with learning and training in sub-Saharan Africa. Several barriers that may impede effective clinical teaching include inadequate institutional financial support and lack of access to appropriate educational space and resources. The aim of this study was to categorize challenges of learning ODS in Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross sectional survey of undergraduate dental students (UDS) and resident doctors (RDS) in dentistry in five institutions in Nigeria. The study included 286 participants comprised of 199 UDS and 87 RDS. Information about challenges of trainer, trainee and facilities was obtained by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and tests of associations between variables were determined usi...

African Journal of Oral Health, 2019

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of recurrent aphthous ulcer and the gender and age distri... more Objectives: To determine the prevalence of recurrent aphthous ulcer and the gender and age distribution of the various subtypes of recurrent aphthous ulcer among patients utilizing dental services in University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH). Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study was carried out in Oral Medicine Clinic, UBTH. Data of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers were collected and analyzed with IBM SPSS version 21.0 software. The association between age and gender distribution amongst patients was analyzed using Chi squared test. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of recurrent aphthous ulcer in the study was found to be 7.2%, with 54.5% of cases seen in male patients and 45.5% in female. Most of the patients (n=9, 41.0%) were within the 21-30 years age group. Eleven (50.0%) cases of recurrent aphthous ulcer were found to be of the minor subtype with more female preponderance (27.4%), while 8(36.4%) had the hepertiform subtype with equal gender distribution and the least (13.6%) was the major subtype found only in male patients. Conclusion: The study revealed an overall prevalence of 7.2% of recurrent aphthous ulcers with higher occurrence among males. Most of the patients were in the third decade of life. The most common subtype of recurrent aphthous ulcer was the minor type.

Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, Oct 29, 2015

The oral cavity can be affected by a wide variety of lesions and conditions, some of which are ha... more The oral cavity can be affected by a wide variety of lesions and conditions, some of which are harmless, while others may have serious complications. The purpose of this study was to determine the types and prevalence of oral lesions and conditions seen in patients attending the Oral Medicine Clinic,

Nigerian Dental Journal, Jun 1, 2020

Objective: To review the oral and facial manifestations of COVID-19 which may be useful in the pr... more Objective: To review the oral and facial manifestations of COVID-19 which may be useful in the prompt diagnosis of the disease. Materials and Methods: Literatures were searched from renowned electronic databases like PubMed, Medline, Google scholar and Cochrane Library. The following words were used for the search. "Oral and facial manifestations of COVID-19." Results: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted from human to human via droplet transmission and direct contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes. Studies suggest that COVID-19 may become airborne through aerosols generated during clinical procedures. The most common symptoms of coronavirus disease are fever, tiredness, dry cough and difficulty breathing. Other atypical symptoms, such as muscle pain, confusion, headache, anosmia, dysgeusia, sore throat, diarrhea, and vomiting have been reported, and seem to be on the rise. Conclusion: It will be interesting to determine in the near future how frequent those manifestations are in individuals presenting symptoms in contrast to infected asymptomatic patient, and their usefulness in defining the outcome of COVID-19.

Nigerian Journal of Dental Research, Feb 17, 2023

Background Oral pigmentation can be either normal or abnormal discolouration of the oral mucosa. ... more Background Oral pigmentation can be either normal or abnormal discolouration of the oral mucosa. Objective: To help clinicians establish a better approach towards the care of patients with pigmented oral lesions and to establish early diagnosis and treatment of such conditions. Data source: Works of literature concerning oral pigmentations, clinical features and treatment were reviewed thoroughly from renowned electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library and personal clinical experience in managing such conditions. The following words were used for the search: oral pigmentation, aetiology, and clinical presentations. Findings: Oral pigmentation presents in various clinical patterns that can range from just physiologic changes to oral manifestations of systemic diseases and malignancies. Oral pigmentation may be physiological or pathological. Knowledge of the different presentations of oral pigmented lesions is quite crucial to improve and mastering the skill of differential diagnosis, definitive diagnosis and prompt treatment. The deposition of pigments in oral tissues may be due to various etiological factors. It can arise from intrinsic and extrinsic factors and can be physiological or pathological. Conclusion: A good understanding of the various presentations of oral pigmented lesions would aid in the proper diagnosis and treatment of the condition.

Annals of Health Research, Nov 24, 2020

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. O... more Background: Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. Objective: To measure pain severity among patients with temporomandibular myofascial pain syndrome using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and to relate pain severity to age and gender. Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients who presented with TMJ pain and were diagnosed with TMJ myofascial pain syndrome was conducted. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and were statistically analysed. Results: Out of a total of 603 patients, 18 (3.0%) had temporomandibular myofascial pain syndrome. They were aged 22-78 years with female preponderance (11; 61.1%) and a female-to-male ratio of 1.6:1. The majority of the patients had mild pain (7/18; 38.9%). The mean VAS score for the patients in this study was 5.8+2.6. The female patients experienced more severe pain (5/11; 45.4%), compared to males. Conclusion: There was a female preponderance in TMJ myofascial pain syndrome, with a mean VAS pain score of 5.8+2.6. Severe pain was mostly reported by female patients while the male patients often present with mild pain.

Tanzania Dental Journal, 2015

Objective: Tongue lesions are health concern to both oral health care providers and the general p... more Objective: Tongue lesions are health concern to both oral health care providers and the general public. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of tongue disorders. Method: This was a retrospective study of the patients who presented at the Oral Medicine Clinic,

The Nigerian medical practitioner, 2019

Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome (MRS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by swelling of ... more Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome (MRS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by swelling of the face, particularly one or both lips (granulomatous cheilitis), facial muscle weakness (palsy) and a fissured tongue. We present a patient with Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome, highlighting the clinical triad of symptoms and management. A74-year-old Nigerian male presented to the Oral Medicine Clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital for evaluation of right-sided facial numbness, inability to close the right eye, left facial deviation suggestive of a lower motor neuron type facial palsy of 4 days, and painless swelling of the upper and lower lips for seven days. On examination, he was found to have swelling of the upper and lower lips, multiple fissures on the tongue, right facial paresthesia, and an isolated right-sided facial nerve paralysis. He was empirically managed with 50mg prednisone daily for seven days, which was tapered over two weeks and neurobion 1 tablet daily for a month. This resulted in remission of lip swelling, however fissured tongue remained. Two months later, facial deviation had become less apparent. Patient is being followed up in the outpatient clinic. Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome is a rare disorder with features of facial swelling, facial nerve palsy and fissured tongue. Some affected individuals may have all three of these features and others may have only one or two. The diagnosis of MRS can be made clinically when there is a complete triad of symptoms as reported in our patient.Keywords: Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome, clinical symptoms, management

Medical case reports and reviews, 2019

Background: Behcet syndrome is a chronic multisystem vasculitis of unknown origin with frequent m... more Background: Behcet syndrome is a chronic multisystem vasculitis of unknown origin with frequent manifestation of oral and genital ulcerations, ocular and skin lesions and other involvement of the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. We present a case of Behcet syndrome presenting initially with isolated oral aphthous ulcers and the aim is to highlight the clinical features and its treatment. Case Report: A 36 year old female with recurrent aphthous ulcers on the tongue for 2 days with a history of frequent recurrence. Patient responded initially to topical triamcinolone acetonide and low dose prednisolone. Two weeks later, there was a recurrence of oral aphthous with erosions on the oral mucosa with skin and genitalial lesions. A diagnosis of Erythema Multiforme major was made and patient placed on higher dose steroid with resultant healing. There was another recurrence with lip crusting, sore throat, skin lesions, conjuctival inflammation and genitalia ulcerations. We made a diagnosis of Behcet's syndrome. Patient was placed on Dapsone resulting in complete resolution of the lesions with no recurrence within and after three months of several recall visits. Conclusion: A case of Behcet's syndrome that affected the oral mucosa at initially and later the conjunctiva, the skin, and the genitalia in a 36 year-old female. Health professionals should be aware of this rare condition.

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases, Jun 29, 2016

View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 2 View citing articles Southern Africa... more View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 2 View citing articles Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia is co-published by Medpharm Publications, NISC (Pty) Ltd and Informa UK Limited [trading as the Taylor & Francis Group]

Ghana Dental Journal

Background : Medical emergency can be described as an unwanted, unexpected reaction or complicati... more Background : Medical emergency can be described as an unwanted, unexpected reaction or complication which usually requires immediate attention or intervention. Aim: This study aims to assess awareness and preparedness for medical emergencies amongst undergraduate clinical dental students at the University of Benin, Nigeria.Materials and Methods : A descriptive cross-sectional study involving all clinical dental students in the School of Dentistry, University of Benin. The questionnaire was divided into three main sections: Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents; Selfassessed medical emergency preparedness among the respondents; Self-evaluation of knowledge of specific medical procedures about medical emergencies.Results : The age of the respondents ranged from 19 to 31 years, with a mean age of 24.49 ± 3.1 years. A higher proportion of the respondents were male (47; 72.3%). Seventy-two percent of students adequately assessed the patient’s medical history, but only 40.0...

Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal, 2017

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Ebola Haemorrhagic fever (EHF) amo... more Objective The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Ebola Haemorrhagic fever (EHF) among the University of Benin clinical dental students. Methods The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study among consenting clinical (4th, 5th and 6th year) dental students of the University of Benin. The data collection tool was a 17-item self-administered validated questionnaire with a Chronbach's alpha value of 0.84. Data from the questionnaires were scored and graded, coded and finally entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for data analysis. All data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics to generate frequencies, percentages and Chi-square values at a significance of P < 0.05. Results Out of the 79 questionnaires distributed, 76 were returned duly filled, giving a response rate of 96.2%. The sample consisted of 67.1% male and 32.9% female clinical dental students, with a male to female ratio of approximately 2...

Objective: Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (MEH) or Heck’s disease is an uncommon oral mucosa d... more Objective: Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (MEH) or Heck’s disease is an uncommon oral mucosa disease caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) especially subtypes 13 or 32. It is contagious with a tendency to be transmitted to other family members. There is geographic regional variation in the frequency of occurrence of this condition. A careful clinical examination is required to arrive at the diagnosis. Histopathological review however can help to confirm the diagnosis of MEH. Molecular biology techniques like PCR or ISH are useful in isolating the HPV subtypes involved. This report aims to highlight the clinical features of MEH for accurate clinical diagnosis by Dental and Medical practitioners Case Report: A documentation of a case of a 6-year-old Efik, Nigerian male child with extensive multiple oral mucosa lesion of 2 years duration. The diagnosis of this case was based on the clinical presentation. The presence of multiple painless pink to whitish oral mucosa papules and n...

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

Psychosomatic Medicine Research

Background: Awareness of clinical medical and dental students towards stress induced oral ulcer, ... more Background: Awareness of clinical medical and dental students towards stress induced oral ulcer, to determine the most prevalent stress induced oral ulcers among the study population, and the relationship between perceived stress level and prevalence of stress induced oral ulcer. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, involving clinical Medical and Dental students in College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin. Participants were in their 400, 500, and 600 levels respectively with a sample size of 226 calculated using the Cochran formula for sample size determination. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire. Results: Two hundred and twenty-six respondents were interviewed in this survey. The age of the participants varied from 21-30 years, with mean age of 25.5%. Majority of the respondents (66.4%) were aware of stress induced oral ulcer. The prevalence of stress induced oral ulcer in this study was 12.8% with recurrent aphthous ulcers accounting for a prevalence of 35.5% of all stress induced oral ulcers. Conclusion: Findings from this study shows about 66.4% of clinical Medical and Dental students were aware of stress induced oral ulcer. The prevalence of stress induced oral ulcer in this study was 12.8% and was seen more in males than females, with recurrent aphthous ulcer been the most prevalent stress induced oral ulcer among the study population with a prevalence of about 35.5%.

Nigerian Journal of Dental Research

Background: This paper reports a case of pemphigus vulgaris in a middle-aged male with oral lesio... more Background: This paper reports a case of pemphigus vulgaris in a middle-aged male with oral lesions and skin eruptions Objective: To highlight the complications of prolonged steroid therapy. Case Report A 48-year old male presented with an eight-month history of recurrent mouth ulcers. There was positive history of cutaneous ulcers on the upper extremities, back and genital areas. Patient had been placed on long term steroid therapy prescribed by general practitioners. General examination showed bilateral pitting pedal oedema, moon face and low blood pressure. Intra-oral examination revealed multiple irregular shaped ulcers and erosions with erythematous floor on the buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, floor of the mouth, soft palate and anterior pillar fauces. The dorsum of the tongue had areas of ulcerations with necrotic slough. An impression of pemphigus vulgaris was made based on high index of clinical suspicion and patient was commenced on azathioprine 50mg and prednisolone 40mg dai...