peter mosha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by peter mosha

Imperial journal of interdisciplinary research, 2017

This paper is a result of a study, which was conducted in Misugusugu ward to assess the factors f... more This paper is a result of a study, which was conducted in Misugusugu ward to assess the factors for malnutrition among under five children. A total of 96 children were systematically selected from a list of households in the ward. Data were collected form mothers, fathers and guardians using both structured and self-administering questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-version 20. The prevalence of stunted and wasted children were 8.3% and 53.1% respectively. A few of the children (6.2%) had a MUAC less than 15cm while 23.5% had between 12.5cm and 15cm (Acute malnutrition) and 70.4% had MUAC above 125cm. The results are significantly associated to marital status and acute malnutrition ( 17.73, P 0.05). Also there was significantly association between pre-natal clinic attendance and prevalence acute malnutrition ( 6.45, P < 0.004), as well as post-natal clinic attendance of mothers ( 11.4, P < 0.003). Other issues emerged during FGD were low income, and gender stereotype ...

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penggunaan katalis semikonduktor ZnO dengan penambahan... more ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penggunaan katalis semikonduktor ZnO dengan penambahan ion logam Cu2+ dan Ag+ untuk fotodegradasi zat warna Metil orange. Pengaruh penambahan Cu2+ dan Ag+ pada tingkat efisiensi fotodegradasi zat warna Metil Orange dengan semikonduktor ZnO, dilakukan secara sendiri-sendiri dan juga dengan cara mencampur langsung kedua ion logam tersebut. Perubahan konsentrasi yang terjadi pada Cu2+ dan Ag+ setelah berlangsungnya reaksi fotodegradasi dianalisis. Dalam penelitian ini diamati pengaruh konsentrasi zat warna Metil Orange dan konsentrasi ion logam yang tersisa di dalam larutan sampel. Konsentrasi awal Metil Orange adalah 10 mg/L, ZnO 400 mg/L dalam volume 25 mL dengan reaksi fotodegradasi selama 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 jam. Variasi dengan penambahan larutan CuSO4 . 5 H2O dan Ag¬¬2SO4 masing-masing 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 40 mg/L dan 50 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semikonduktor ZnO dapat mendegradasi zat warna Metil Orange dengan efisiens...

Physical Science International Journal, 2018

This study has assessed the concentrations of the essential elements Ca, Cu, Fe, Se and Zn as wel... more This study has assessed the concentrations of the essential elements Ca, Cu, Fe, Se and Zn as well as the toxic heavy metals Al, As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in samples of sardine fish collected from Kivukoni, Kunduchi and Bagamoyo fish markets. The collected fish samples were oven dried, grinded to fine powder and compressed to pellets. The pellets obtained were analysed for both essential elements and toxic heavy metals using Energy Dispersive X-rays Fluorescence Spectroscopy (EDXRF). The mean concentrations of the analysed elements were compared to the maximum tolerable levels (MTLs) set by international organisations. The mean concentrations of Ca, Se, Zn, As, Cr, and Cd were higher than their MTLs while, the mean concentrations of Cu and Ni were lower than their MTLs for samples from all fish markets. The mean concentrations of Al and Fe were higher than their MTLs for samples from Kunduchi and Bagamoyo fish markets. The

University of Dar es Salaam, 2006

Rural Planning Journal, Jun 1, 2017

The general objective of this study was to assess the challenges of controlling the development o... more The general objective of this study was to assess the challenges of controlling the development of informal settlements in Arusha city council. Ngarenaro Ward an informal settlements was used as a study area. Both primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data were collected through household survey, key informant interview and field observation. Descriptive statistical and content analysis were employed in data analysis. The results showed that there are various driving causes of informal settlements as scarcity of land resource, long government process of providing planned and survey urban land or plots, level of education and income level differences. Other driving factors were poverty, ineffective housing policy, trusted local institutions and urbanization. Plot survey, regularization progammes, tittle deed provisions and squatter upgrading projects are strategies initiated by government planning authorities to reduce informal settlement and economically empower the poor. Upgrading of informal settlement is part of the national housing programme, which aims to address the country's housing challenges. In minimizing these challenges like change of land use values and uses, rapid urbanization, high planning standards, land laws and regulation and lack of resources, Arusha city council has been taking different measures to reduce informal settlements as ongoing preparation of Arusha Master Plan, Poverty reduction and Business Formalization projects.

Contraceptive use has been shown to increase rapidly in Tanzania in recent years, but it remains ... more Contraceptive use has been shown to increase rapidly in Tanzania in recent years, but it remains unclear whether exposure to messages about contraceptive through multimedia has a positive influence to use and at what magnitude. This paper used a cross-sectional data from 67 women of reproductive age collected in 2014 about the effects of multimedia on women contraceptive use at Kiranyi ward in Arumeru District in Arusha. The data were used to examine extent of multimedia in promoting contraceptive use among these women, the influence of multimedia on women contraceptive use and determining the association between multimedia and women contraceptive use. IBM SPSS Statistics version 20 was used for data analysis. Findings indicated that about 61.2% Radio and 20.9% Television are the common media used in promoting women contraceptive use. Multimedia shows a great influence on women contraceptive use as 82.1% of the women interviewed claimed to have adapted contraceptive use after they heard contraceptive use advertisement from media. Media information affects women contraceptive use behavior through changing attitudes, adapting contraceptive use. Findings also revealed that there is an association between multimedia and women contraceptive use at p<0.001 in which 82.1% of the women of reproductive age interviewed in the study area adopted contraceptive use after heard contraceptive information from the media. It was concluded that multimedia family planning promotion had an effect on women contraceptive use. The Researcher recommended that responsible players should strengthen multimedia messages to ensure effective dissemination of contraceptive use information hence create enough knowledge and awareness on understanding proper women contraceptive use.

International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2012

A tremendous growth in the higher education sector had made the administration of higher educatio... more A tremendous growth in the higher education sector had made the administration of higher education institutions complex. Many researches reveal that the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) helps to reduce the complexity and enhance the overall administration of higher education.

This is a dissertation work conducted as an essential part for the academic award of Masters in C... more This is a dissertation work conducted as an essential part for the academic award of Masters in Community Economic Development for the year 2014. Community Needs Assessment that was conducted at Mwika Kaskazini Ward in Moshi District Council. Aim was to assess socio- economic context of women in the ward. Research methodologies, design and tools were used. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program was used to analyze data. Among others key CNA findings was, 72% of the respondents said they are unable to provide reliable household basic needs due to low income. 97% of the respondents said they would be ready to engage in peer saving groups to change to desirable livelihood situations. Community needs prioritization and leveling was done. Women’s associative strength, weakness, opportunities and challenges assessed. Prioritized needs included training on; entrepreneurship education, marketing skills, financial management and awareness on human right education. Through the...

The food vending industry plays an important role in developing countries in meeting the food dem... more The food vending industry plays an important role in developing countries in meeting the food demands of the urban dwellers. Operators in street food vending normally depend on low capital with no business license, targeting low income individuals while neglecting issues related to hygiene and safety of the service. Unsanitary handling of street foods by some of the vendors has been commonly found to be the source of contamination. Vendors become carriers of pathogens like Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter and Staphylococcus aureus and eventually transfer these foods borne hazards to the consumers. By employing descriptive survey using structured questionnaires and extensive observation of vendors, the study assesses the food safety and sanitary practices among food vendors in higher learning institution and the sanitary conditions at the food vending points. 86.7% of the food vendors had improper storage facilities, 72.4% of them reused oil for frying, 35.9% warmed the fo...

Utafiti, 2020

During the 2015 general election campaigns in Tanzania, a controversy arose between the ruling pa... more During the 2015 general election campaigns in Tanzania, a controversy arose between the ruling party and the opposition coalition, concerning the proposed constitution draft and the position of Zanzibar within the Union. Beyond this controversy, there have existed the impacts of Islamic revivalism on the one hand, and a fear for the perpetuation of Islam in Tanzania on the other – issues which have played a significant role in the country since Independence. In this paper, we focus in particular upon popular Muslim preachers, such as Ponda Issa Ponda, who complain that the National Muslim Council of Tanzania [BAKWATA] is just an extension of the mainstream government – an organisation which is unsympathetic to Muslims’ interests, which violates Muslims’ rights, and which functions contrary to its own purpose. This complaint draws on long-term memory, reaching back even further than the 1968 banning of the East African Muslims Welfare Society [EAMWS]. Two interesting questions are ad...

Social Sciences, 2019

Incidences of food shortage and poverty are highly reported on Africa specifically sub-Saharan pa... more Incidences of food shortage and poverty are highly reported on Africa specifically sub-Saharan part, despite having a large number of the population engaging in agriculture residing in the rural area. Different scholars have managed to associate food security which involves food availability, food access, food utilization and stability at the household level with various factors. The study takes a similar root in pinning down factors related to the food shortage in Singida. Taking into account socioeconomic characteristics of household in analysis, it is indicated that food shortage in Singida area is more pronounced during farming season, that is November to March and it is associated with gender, marital status, education level, occupation and place of residence of the household head. Meanwhile, age of head of household, total manpower in the household, amount of maize harvested, the use of fertilizer, farm size and household expenditure on food had no significant effect in determining food shortage at the household level. Since education has shown a significant positive effect of not having food shortage, and community in Singida depends much on rain-fed agriculture system, the problem of food shortage may be tackled through extension services toward creating awareness on improved agriculture practice for more farm yield given the small piece of land available, and improvement in storage mechanism.

Science Journal of Public Health, 2017

This study was conducted in 2014 in Mtwivila, Tanzania. The objective of the study was to assess ... more This study was conducted in 2014 in Mtwivila, Tanzania. The objective of the study was to assess knowledge, perception and factors associated with use of modern contraceptive use among women. Simple random sampling technique was used to select a representative sample of 96 women aged 15-49 years. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions and documentary reviews. Findings show that knowledge of modern FP was almost universal (100% percent), although 79 (82.3 percent) claimed to have been using modern contraceptives methods. Much smaller proportion (17.7 percent) reported not to be using modern contraceptives during the time of interview. Most of the respondents (96%) had positive attitude on modern contraceptive use as 96 of all interviewed women stated contraceptives were effective for birth control and that they would recommend to a friend or a relative the use of modern contraceptive. However, 28% women reported having stopped using modern contraceptive of which 25% due to side effects. Chi-square confirmed the association of education, sources of information about contraceptives, occupation, household income, distance from the health center and husband's involvement with the use of contraceptives among women. It is concluded that there is a good level of knowledge and a positive perception towards contraceptive use among women of reproductive age. Men involvement during sensitization on family planning would be an effective strategy toward sexual and reproductive health promotion.

Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 2018

This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary scho... more This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils' background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils' population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.

World Journal of Advance Healthcare Research, Apr 8, 2005